Search for the process e^+e^- toη

M. N. Achasov , A. Yu. Barnyakov , K. I. Beloborodov , A. V. Berdyugin , D. E. Berkaev , A. G. Bogdanchikov , A. A. Botov , T. V. Dimova

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V. P. Druzhinin V. B. Golubev L. V. Kardapoltsev A. S. Kasaev A. G. Kharlamov I. A. Koop L. A. Korneev A. A. Korol D. P. Kovrizhin S. V. Koshuba A. S. Kupich R. A. Litvinov K. A. Martin N. A. Melnikova N. Yu. Muchnoi A. E. Obrazovsky E. V. Pakhtusova K. V. Pugachev Yu. A. Rogovsky A. I. Senchenko S. I. Serednyakov Z. K. Silagadze D. N. Shatilov Yu. M. Shatunov D. A. Shtol D. B. Shwartz I. K. Surin Yu. V. Usov A. V. Vasiljev V. N. Zhabin V. V. Zhulanov (SND Collaboration)

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classification ✦ hep-ex

keywords rightarrowdecayprocesssearchaccumulatedanalyzeapproxcenter-of-mass

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A search for the rare decay $\eta \rightarrow e^+e^-$ is performed using the inverse process $e^+e^- \rightarrow \eta$ in the decay mode $\eta\to\pi^0\pi^0\pi^0 $. We analyze data with an integrated luminosity of 654 nb$^{-1} $ accumulated at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider with the SND detector at the center-of-mass energy $E=m_\eta c ^2\approx 548 $ MeV, and set the upper limit $ {\cal B} (\eta \rightarrow e^+ e^-) < 7 \times 10^{-7} $ at the 90\% confidence level.

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Improved Standard-Model predictions for $\eta^{(\prime)}\to \ell^+ \ell^-$
hep-ph 2025-12 accept novelty 5.0

Updated SM predictions yield Br(η→e⁺e⁻)=5.37(4)(2)[4]×10⁻⁹, Br(η→μ⁺μ⁻)=4.54(4)(2)[4]×10⁻⁶, Br(η'→e⁺e⁻)=1.80(2)(3)[3]×10⁻¹⁰, and Br(η'→μ⁺μ⁻)=1.22(2)(2)[3]×10⁻⁷, with a mild 1.6σ tension in the η→μ⁺μ⁻ channel.