Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 21 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1909.12673.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1909.12673 v2

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 21 of 21 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 21 of 21 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T12:32:57.284844Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-02T16:07:08.680944Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation 6f896e01-bf0d-4f1b-9952-0903a7a43a27 · inbound

Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models cites this paper.

Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 10

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-09T04:51:47.625545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 2bce7b71-f3e6-424a-ace2-f280733ace44 · inbound

Scaling Laws for Autoregressive Generative Modeling cites this paper.

Scaling Laws for Autoregressive Generative Modeling A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 20

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T07:49:43.881558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 303aa6be-493c-441a-915e-0443f46c8fd9 · inbound

Scaling Laws for Transfer cites this paper.

Scaling Laws for Transfer A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 187

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T00:58:13.645290Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation a8cd5699-f5e5-42ae-9873-30d917b352f6 · inbound

A General Language Assistant as a Laboratory for Alignment cites this paper.

A General Language Assistant as a Laboratory for Alignment A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 243

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T14:22:59.282560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e3a3bd63-2203-4f83-9c4d-cc7d9e43d0a6 · inbound

Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know cites this paper.

Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 137

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T15:42:47.777084Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 61025edb-21a1-4268-8295-884b55bca7f4 · inbound

The Platonic Representation Hypothesis cites this paper.

The Platonic Representation Hypothesis A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 145

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T06:03:56.933606Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7e057948-83c4-4227-a09d-a08b528836e5 · inbound

Lightweight Dataset Pruning without Full Training via Example Difficulty and Prediction Uncertainty cites this paper.

Lightweight Dataset Pruning without Full Training via Example Difficulty and Prediction Uncertainty A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T16:55:17.605900Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0e276678-7b16-4007-b76c-ed27348e700b · inbound

Scaling Pre-training to One Hundred Billion Data for Vision Language Models cites this paper.

Scaling Pre-training to One Hundred Billion Data for Vision Language Models A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:12:30.776434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f304bba6-12a5-4e57-9755-0e607ee82ca7 · inbound

Bayesian Neural Scaling Law Extrapolation with Prior-Data Fitted Networks cites this paper.

Bayesian Neural Scaling Law Extrapolation with Prior-Data Fitted Networks A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:01:10.422809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation accc8f82-0199-4dae-9a8f-f0e9f376c79e · inbound

In situ fine-tuning of in silico trained Optical Neural Networks cites this paper.

In situ fine-tuning of in silico trained Optical Neural Networks A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T22:21:08.886500Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 77e77b35-f651-4a00-96d2-619bda196821 · inbound

A Theory of Inference Compute Scaling: Reasoning through Directed Stochastic Skill Search cites this paper.

A Theory of Inference Compute Scaling: Reasoning through Directed Stochastic Skill Search A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:07:39.713752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2e4e98f3-5499-406b-8abc-ac56726be7af · inbound

Beyond Scaling Curves: Internal Dynamics of Neural Networks Through the NTK Lens cites this paper.

Beyond Scaling Curves: Internal Dynamics of Neural Networks Through the NTK Lens A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:40:36.549240Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5d879399-1fd0-41c6-bf72-a735071cbe2b · inbound

Unifying Learning Dynamics and Generalization in Transformers Scaling Law cites this paper.

Unifying Learning Dynamics and Generalization in Transformers Scaling Law A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T14:02:56.718947Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 01eda724-3175-4b50-8978-18e59ff38a61 · inbound

A Qualitative Test-Risk Mechanism for Scaling Behavior in Normalized Residual Networks cites this paper.

A Qualitative Test-Risk Mechanism for Scaling Behavior in Normalized Residual Networks A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T01:46:14.696191Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 7da05f3e-7902-48a6-8892-2c33006a8d23 · inbound

Characterizing Learning in Deep Neural Networks using Tractable Algorithmic Complexity Analysis cites this paper.

Characterizing Learning in Deep Neural Networks using Tractable Algorithmic Complexity Analysis A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 63

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T20:28:59.988428Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 1eed6c6e-6346-4ee3-a50f-e5f29c556bf9 · inbound

Label-Efficient Dataset Pruning via Semi-Supervised Pseudo-Labeling cites this paper.

Label-Efficient Dataset Pruning via Semi-Supervised Pseudo-Labeling A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-25T05:25:23.285502Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 2a6d89ca-88a1-4caa-aa8a-1d9ff501c6db · inbound

Unified Neural Scaling Laws cites this paper.

Unified Neural Scaling Laws A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 25

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T00:14:04.517837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation fb3a084f-2371-4026-a84e-0fc8a14a9133 · inbound

Law of Neural Interaction: Depth-Width Shape, Interaction Efficiency, and Generalization cites this paper.

Law of Neural Interaction: Depth-Width Shape, Interaction Efficiency, and Generalization A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 3

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T14:23:31.012897Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 84a8390d-ce96-4d76-84eb-7a3f9e851be3 · inbound

Compute-Optimal Network Design for Echocardiography Myocardial Segmentation and Perfusion Quantification using Neural Scaling Laws cites this paper.

Compute-Optimal Network Design for Echocardiography Myocardial Segmentation and Perfusion Quantification using Neural Scaling Laws A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 41

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T16:07:08.682685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 6aba0478-ae36-4041-b93b-75f24d884bc5 · inbound

Data-Efficient Deep Learning: Empirical Guidelines for Training Set Size Estimation in Inertial Sensor Classification cites this paper.

Data-Efficient Deep Learning: Empirical Guidelines for Training Set Size Estimation in Inertial Sensor Classification A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-13T03:17:51.964379Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5a084e13-c8b9-4ce1-a5b7-74bb9534412d · inbound

Skaling: Chinchilla's Exponents Meet Kaplan's Coupling cites this paper.

Skaling: Chinchilla's Exponents Meet Kaplan's Coupling A Constructive Prediction of the Generalization Error Across Scales

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:32:57.284844Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.