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Dark Confinement-Deconfinement Phase Transition: A Roadmap from Polyakov Loop Models to Gravitational Waves

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arxiv 2101.03795 v4 pith:HRBCHOEL submitted 2021-01-11 hep-ph hep-th

Zhaofeng Kang , Shinya Matsuzaki , Jiang Zhu This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-phhep-th
keywords modelsaroundchargeconfinement-deconfinementcriticalityfour-gravitationalinteractions
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We explore the confinement-deconfinement phase transition (PT) of the first order (FO) arising in $SU(N)$ pure Yang-Mills theory, based on Polyakov loop models (PLMs), in light of the induced gravitational wave (GW) spectra. We demonstrate that the PLMs with the Haar measure term, involving models successful in QCD with $N=3$, are potentially incompatible with the large $N$ scaling for the thermodynamical quantities and the latent heat at around the criticality of the FOPT reported from the lattice simulations. We then propose a couple of models of polynomial form, which we call the 4-6 PLM (with four- and six-point interactions among the basic PL fields which have center charge 1) and 4-8 PLM (with four- and eight-point interactions), and discuss how such models can naturally arise in the presence of a heavy PL with charge 2. We show that those models give the consistent thermodynamical and large $N$ properties at around the criticality. The predicted GW spectra are shown to have high enough sensitivity to be probed in the future prospected interferometers such as LISA, BBO, DICIGO, and TianQin.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Gravitational Waves from Confinement in $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills Theory

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For pure SU(N) Yang-Mills dark sectors, confinement transitions produce gravitational waves too weak for LISA, ET, CE, DECIGO or BBO, with peak amplitude at N≈20 and a large-N decay h²Ω_peak ∝ N^{-14/3}.

  2. Meson spectroscopy in the $Sp(4)$ gauge theory with three antisymmetric fermions

    hep-lat 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Lattice simulations of Sp(4) with three antisymmetric Dirac fermions find QCD-like confinement and chiral symmetry breaking, and provide a first continuum-extrapolated meson spectrum.

  3. Updates on the density of states method in finite temperature symplectic gauge theories

    hep-lat 2024-11 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    LLR simulations of Sp(4) pure gauge theory at finite temperature show that the plaquette distribution at the deconfinement critical point has a plateau between the two peaks, and the thermodynamic extrapolations of th...

  4. Glueball Axion-Like Particles

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A pseudoscalar glueball from a dark Yang-Mills sector, called a GALP, is shown to behave like an axion-like particle and to be a viable dark matter candidate with a predicted mass-coupling relation.

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