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Implications for First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions from the Third LIGO-Virgo Observing Run

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arxiv 2102.01714 v2 pith:AHG2YJDB submitted 2021-02-02 hep-ph gr-qc

Alba Romero , Katarina Martinovic , Thomas A. Callister , Huai-Ke Guo , Mario Martínez , Mairi Sakellariadou , Feng-Wei Yang , Yue Zhao This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-phgr-qc
keywords omegaphasetransitionsfirst-ordertimesbackgroundconfidencedensity
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abstract

We place constraints on the normalized energy density in gravitational waves from first-order strong phase transitions using data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo's first, second and third observing runs. First, adopting a broken power law model, we place $95 \%$ confidence level upper limits simultaneously on the gravitational-wave energy density at 25 Hz from unresolved compact binary mergers, $\Omega_{\rm CBC} < 6.1 \times 10^{-9}$, and strong first-order phase transitions, $\Omega_{\rm BPL} < 4.4 \times 10^{-9}$. The inclusion of the former is necessary since we expect this astrophysical signal to be the foreground of any detected spectrum. We then consider two more complex phenomenological models, limiting at 25 Hz the gravitational-wave background due to bubble collisions to $\Omega_{\rm pt} < 5.0\times 10^{-9}$ and the background due to sound waves to $\Omega_{\rm pt} < 5.8\times10^{-9}$ at $95 \%$ confidence level for phase transitions occurring at temperatures above $10^8$GeV.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls

    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Tensor perturbations from FOPT and domain-wall sources are claimed to induce second-order scalar perturbations large enough to form primordial black holes, potentially all of the dark matter.

  2. Gravitational Waves from Accretion Disks: Turbulence, Mode Excitation and Prospects for Future Detectors

    gr-qc 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Turbulent accretion disks can stochastically excite black hole quasinormal ringing, but the resulting gravitational-wave background is below the reach of near-term detectors.

  3. Measuring gravitational wave spectrum from electroweak phase transition and Higgs self-couplings

    hep-ph 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Using simulated Taiji data, the authors show that a stochastic gravitational-wave signal from an electroweak phase transition in the singlet-extended Standard Model can constrain the Higgs cubic and quartic self-couplings.

  4. A battle of designs: triangular vs. L-shaped detectors and parity violation in the gravitational-wave background

    gr-qc 2025-11 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    L-shaped Einstein Telescope designs outperform triangular designs for detecting a parity-violating gravitational-wave background, and ET alone cannot do it under current observational constraints.

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