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First Detection of sub-PeV Diffuse Gamma Rays from the Galactic Disk: Evidence for Ubiquitous Galactic Cosmic Rays beyond PeV Energies

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arxiv 2104.05181 v2 pith:CSAOR57S submitted 2021-04-12 astro-ph.HE

M. Amenomori , Y. W. Bao , X. J. Bi , D. Chen , T. L. Chen , W. Y. Chen , Xu Chen , Y. Chen
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Cirennima S. W. Cui Danzengluobu L. K. Ding J. H. Fang K. Fang C. F. Feng Zhaoyang Feng Z. Y. Feng Qi Gao Q. B. Gou Y. Q. Guo Y. Y. Guo H. H. He Z. T. He K. Hibino N. Hotta Haibing Hu H. B. Hu J. Huang H. Y. Jia L. Jiang H. B. Jin K. Kasahara Y. Katayose C. Kato S. Kato K. Kawata W. Kihara Y. Ko M. Kozai Labaciren G. M. Le A. F. Li H. J. Li W. J. Li Y. H. Lin B. Liu C. Liu J. S. Liu M. Y. Liu W. Liu Y.-Q. Lou H. Lu X. R. Meng K. Munakata H. Nakada Y. Nakamura H. Nanjo M. Nishizawa M. Ohnishi T. Ohura S. Ozawa X. L. Qian X. B. Qu T. Saito M. Sakata T. K. Sako J. Shao M. Shibata A. Shiomi H. Sugimoto W. Takano M. Takita Y. H. Tan N. Tateyama S. Torii H. Tsuchiya S. Udo H. Wang H. R. Wu L. Xue Y. Yamamoto Z. Yang Y. Yokoe A. F. Yuan L. M. Zhai H. M. Zhang J. L. Zhang X. Zhang X. Y. Zhang Y. Zhang Yi Zhang Ying Zhang S. P. Zhao Zhaxisangzhu X. X. Zhou (The Tibet ASgamma Collaboration)
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abstract

We report, for the first time, the long-awaited detection of diffuse gamma rays with energies between 100 TeV and 1 PeV in the Galactic disk. Particularly, all gamma rays above 398 TeV are observed apart from known TeV gamma-ray sources and compatible with expectations from the hadronic emission scenario in which gamma rays originate from the decay of $\pi^0$'s produced through the interaction of protons with the interstellar medium in the Galaxy. This is strong evidence that cosmic rays are accelerated beyond PeV energies in our Galaxy and spread over the Galactic disk.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Cherenkov radiation in isotropic chiral matter: the space-frequency domain

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A charge moving through chiral matter radiates Cherenkov light in two independent polarization modes, one of which can radiate at sub-luminal speeds.

  2. Dissecting the Diffuse Emission of the Galaxy with the HAWC Observatory

    astro-ph.HE 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    HAWC's Pass 5 analysis of 8 years of data yields new TeV diffuse galactic emission profiles with tails beyond 3 degrees latitude and a galactic-center excess relative to standard cosmic-ray propagation models.

  3. Constraints on Ultra-heavy DM from TeV-PeV gamma-ray diffuse measurements

    astro-ph.HE 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    HAWC and LHAASO diffuse gamma-ray data, modeled with prompt, inverse-Compton, absorption, and astrophysical background, produce the strongest constraints on decaying ultra-heavy dark matter above ~100 TeV.

  4. Diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino emission from the Milky Way and the local knee in the cosmic ray spectrum

    astro-ph.HE 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Diffuse gamma-ray predictions from locally measured cosmic rays exceed LHAASO observations above 100 TeV, suggesting the PeV cosmic-ray knee originates from a local bubble roughly 0.7 to 1.5 kpc across.

  5. The spectral shapes of Galactic gamma-ray source

    astro-ph.HE 2025-02 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Summing the catalogued spectra of Galactic gamma-ray sources yields a smooth total spectrum, with a break around 30 TeV, built from individual sources of very different shapes.

  6. The cosmic-ray sea explains the Galactic $\gamma$-ray and $\nu$ diffuse emissions from GeV to PeV

    astro-ph.HE 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    LHAASO's diffuse gamma-ray data from 1 TeV to 1 PeV are consistent with cosmic-ray sea models that use CALET, DAMPE, and KASCADE spectra, so no extra emission component is required.

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