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Defects, modular differential equations, and free field realization of N = 4 VOAs

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arxiv 2104.12180 v1 pith:UIRSVSYP submitted 2021-04-25 hep-th

classification hep-th
keywords mathcaladditionalcharactersdefectsdifferentialequationsfieldfree
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abstract

For all 4d $\mathcal{N} = 4$ SYM theories with simple gauge groups $G$, we show that the residues of the integrands in the $\mathcal{N} = 4$ Schur indices, which are related to Gukov-Witten type surface defects in the theories, equal the vacuum characters of rank$G$ copies of $bc \beta \gamma$ systems that provide the free field realization of associated $\mathcal{N} = 4$ VOAs. This result predicts that these residues, as module characters, are additional solutions to the flavored modular differential equations satisfied by the original Schur index. The prediction is verified in the $G = SU(2)$ case, where an additional logarithmic solution is constructed.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Character Identities Between Affine and Virasoro Vertex Operator Algebra Modules

    math.QA 2025-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Admissible-level affine sl2 modules and rational Virasoro minimal-model modules have matching characters under the substitution (w,q) -> (q^{+/-1/2}, q^3).

  2. Modularity, 4d mirror symmetry, and VOA modules of 4d $\mathcal{N} = 2$ SCFTs with $a = c$

    hep-th 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The vacuum Schur-index modular orbit is proposed as the full VOA module-character space for several a=c theories, with a conjectured dimension formula 1+3ℓ(2+ℓ) for the T_{2,2ℓ+1} series.

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