Design Considerations for Data Daemons: Co-creating Design Futures to Explore Ethical Personal Data Management

Mobile applications and online service providers track our virtual and physical behaviour more actively and with a broader scope than ever before. This has given rise to growing concerns about ethical personal data management. Even though regulation and awareness around data ethics are increasing, end-users are seldom engaged when defining and designing what a future with ethical personal data management should look like. We explore a participatory process that uses design futures, the Future workshop method and design fictions to envision ethical personal data management with end-users and designers. To engage participants effectively, we needed to bridge their differential expertise and make the abstract concepts of data and ethics tangible. By concretely presenting personal data management and control as fictitious entities called Data Daemons, we created a shared understanding of these abstract concepts, and empowered non-expert end-users and designers to become actively engaged in the design process.