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Asymmetric Reheating by Primordial Black Holes
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abstract
We investigate Hawking evaporation of a population of primordial black holes (PBHs) prior to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) as a mechanism to achieve asymmetric reheating of two sectors coupled solely by gravity. While the visible sector is reheated by the inflaton or a modulus, the dark sector is reheated by PBHs. Compared to inflationary or modular reheating of both sectors, there are two advantages: $(i)$ inflaton or moduli mediated operators that can subsequently thermalize the dark sector with the visible sector are not relevant to the asymmetric reheating process; $(ii)$ the mass and abundance of the PBHs provide parametric control of the thermal history of the dark sector, and in particular the ratio of the temperatures of the two sectors. Asymmetric reheating with PBHs turns out to have a particularly rich dark sector phenomenology, which we explore using a single self-interacting real scalar field in the dark sector as a template. Four thermal histories, involving non-relativistic and relativistic dark matter (DM) at chemical equilibrium, followed by the presence or absence of cannibalism, are explored. These histories are then constrained by the observed relic abundance in the current Universe and the Bullet Cluster. The case where PBHs dominate the energy density of the Universe, and reheat both the visible as well as the dark sectors, is also treated in detail.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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Setting up stasis with gravitational interactions
PBH evaporation can fill a decaying particle tower with Ω_l ∝ m_l^{+1} or m_l^{-1}, and CGPP with α = 0, 1/2, or 2, matching the conditions needed for cosmological stasis.
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Page Time of Primordial Black Holes in the Standard Model and Beyond
For Standard Model emission, a Schwarzschild primordial black hole of about 6.23 x 10^14 grams would reach its Page time at the current age of the Universe.
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Impact of memory-burdened black holes on primordial gravitational waves in light of Pulsar Timing Array
Memory-burdened primordial black holes can explain pulsar timing array data as diluted blue-tilted gravitational waves and leave a testable high-frequency signal.
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Relativistic accretion and burdened primordial black holes
Combining relativistic accretion with memory-burdened evaporation widens the parameter space for primordial black holes as dark matter and changes dark matter and dark radiation emission predictions.
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Asymmetries from a charged memory-burdened PBH
A parameter-space scan shows that very large curvature-current couplings can fit the baryon asymmetry and dark matter abundance, while the electric charge of the black hole plays no role in the mechanism.
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