Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 11 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2112.12938.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2112.12938 v2

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 11 of 11 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 11 of 11 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:41.839062Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-24T12:34:28.381385Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation 6c0081cb-242d-44e4-b1d6-1f7349d8b73b · inbound

Quantifying Memorization Across Neural Language Models cites this paper.

Quantifying Memorization Across Neural Language Models Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 19

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T22:04:59.712778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 01e34e5b-9c4a-4877-85a6-9f29c316771b · inbound

GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model cites this paper.

GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 108

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-24T12:34:28.384373Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 94b1a3ca-d68c-404b-aa23-cd5c0bca44a4 · inbound

The False Promise of Imitating Proprietary LLMs cites this paper.

The False Promise of Imitating Proprietary LLMs Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T06:54:31.405179Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d081332f-29a7-4660-900d-35c56ddc7196 · inbound

Trustworthy LLMs: a Survey and Guideline for Evaluating Large Language Models' Alignment cites this paper.

Trustworthy LLMs: a Survey and Guideline for Evaluating Large Language Models' Alignment Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 185

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T22:30:45.007237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation f89a5ebb-8540-4c51-ae06-7d29ed8681f1 · inbound

Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflection cites this paper.

Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflection Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 65

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T14:15:11.380146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation d3ee120b-48fd-47c5-922f-59b5ed9d19e2 · inbound

Detecting Pretraining Data from Large Language Models cites this paper.

Detecting Pretraining Data from Large Language Models Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 119

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T18:07:24.704245Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 164ba392-b745-47d0-aee5-60c45d66405c · inbound

Towards the Anonymization of the Language Modeling cites this paper.

Towards the Anonymization of the Language Modeling Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 67

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T06:32:39.509168Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 170079c8-360d-45da-9b2c-696ee76c5843 · inbound

How much do language models memorize? cites this paper.

How much do language models memorize? Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 57

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:41.839062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d1e79c42-62da-413e-b5b3-759e0e1d3272 · inbound

Rethinking Memorization Measures and their Implications in Large Language Models cites this paper.

Rethinking Memorization Measures and their Implications in Large Language Models Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:54:30.920640Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 73579767-74a9-4481-b61b-f971bdb8ea24 · inbound

Layer-Wise Perturbations via Sparse Autoencoders for Adversarial Text Generation cites this paper.

Layer-Wise Perturbations via Sparse Autoencoders for Adversarial Text Generation Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 121

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T20:31:44.063932Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 99629e59-914d-4967-80e9-b77e677a438d · inbound

Bridging Compute- and Data-Optimal Pretraining cites this paper.

Bridging Compute- and Data-Optimal Pretraining Counterfactual Memorization in Neural Language Models

Reference 83

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T03:02:06.015905Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.