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Toward Quantum Computing Phase Diagrams of Gauge Theories with Thermal Pure Quantum States

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arxiv 2208.13112 v1 pith:FND2RLWX submitted 2022-08-28 hep-lat hep-phnucl-thquant-ph

classification hep-lathep-phnucl-thquant-ph
keywords quantumgaugephasecomputingtheoriesthermalapproachchemical
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The phase diagram of strong interactions in nature at finite temperature and chemical potential remains largely unexplored theoretically due to inadequacy of Monte-Carlo-based computational techniques in overcoming a sign problem. Quantum computing offers a sign-problem-free approach but evaluating thermal expectation values is generally resource intensive on quantum computers. To facilitate thermodynamic studies of gauge theories, we propose a generalization of thermal-pure-quantum-state formulation of statistical mechanics applied to constrained gauge-theory dynamics, and numerically demonstrate that the phase diagram of a simple low-dimensional gauge theory is robustly determined using this approach, including mapping a chiral phase transition in the model at finite temperature and chemical potential. Quantum algorithms, resource requirements, and algorithmic and hardware error analysis are further discussed to motivate future implementations. Thermal pure quantum states, therefore, may present a suitable candidate for efficient thermal-state preparation in gauge theories in the era of quantum computing.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Creation of Wave Packets for Quantum Chromodynamics on Quantum Computers

    quant-ph 2025-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A quantum algorithm based on Haag-Ruelle theory and LCU proposes to prepare hadron wave packets from the vacuum in 3D lattice QCD, with a success probability that shrinks polynomially with lattice spacing, energy, and...

  2. Arbitrary-Distance Quantum Error Correction with Gauss's Law for $\mathbb Z_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory

    hep-lat 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    Gauss's law constraints in Z2 lattice gauge theory can be made into quantum error-correcting codes of arbitrary distance, with provably optimal encoding rate within the constructed family.

  3. Ground state preparation in $(2+1)$-dimensional pure $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory via deterministic quantum imaginary time evolution

    hep-lat 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Deterministic QITE with a Gauss-law-reduced Pauli pool reproduces DMRG ground-state energies of (2+1)-D pure Z2 lattice gauge theory to within 0.1% for ladders of up to 32 qubits and coupling λ ∈ [0.5, 5].

  4. Eigenstate Thermalization in 1+1-Dimensional SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory Coupled with Dynamical Fermions

    hep-th 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Exact diagonalization shows 1+1D SU(2) lattice gauge theory with dynamical fermions satisfies ETH, including for non-local string operators that display a memory peak.

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