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A Review of NEST Models for Liquid Xenon and Exhaustive Comparison to Other Approaches

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arxiv 2211.10726 v4 pith:EKCIFOAT submitted 2022-11-19 hep-ex astro-ph.IMnucl-exphysics.ins-det

classification hep-exastro-ph.IMnucl-exphysics.ins-det
keywords modelsnestwilldataxenondetectorenergyexperimental
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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This paper will discuss the microphysical simulation of interactions in liquid xenon, the active detector medium in many leading rare-event searches for new physics, and describe experimental observables useful for understanding detector performance. The scintillation and ionization yield distributions for signal and background will be presented using the Noble Element Simulation Technique (NEST), which is a toolkit based on experimental data and simple, empirical formulae, which mimic previous microphysics modeling, but are guided by data. The NEST models for light and charge production as a function of the particle type, energy, and electric field will be reviewed, as well as models for energy resolution and final pulse areas. NEST will be compared to other models or sets of models, and vetted against real data, with several specific examples pulled from XENON, ZEPLIN, LUX, LZ, PandaX, and table-top experiments used for calibrations.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Searches for Light Dark Matter and Evidence of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering of Solar Neutrinos with the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment

    hep-ex 2025-12 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    LZ's new 5.7-tonne-year search reports a 4.5σ hint of solar 8B neutrino CEνNS and world-leading dark matter limits down to 5 GeV/c².

  2. Quartz fluorescence backgrounds in xenon particle detectors

    hep-ex 2025-05 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The delayed photon noise that follows scintillation pulses in liquid xenon detectors is mostly ultraviolet-induced fluorescence from quartz photosensor windows, not from the xenon or the detector walls.

  3. Light Dark Matter Search with 7.8 Tonne-Year of Ionization-Only Data in XENONnT

    hep-ex 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    An S2-only analysis of 7.83 tonne-years of XENONnT data finds no dark matter excess and sets 90% CL limits, e.g. 6.0e-45 cm^2 for spin-independent scattering at 5 GeV/c^2.

  4. Dark Matter implications from the LZ, PandaX-4T and XENONnT Data

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    High-energy recoil excesses in LZ and XENONnT can be fit by velocity-dependent or inelastic dark matter at up to 4σ local significance, but the significance vanishes when xenon double-electron-capture charge yields ar...

  5. First constraints on the coherent elastic scattering of reactor antineutrinos off xenon nuclei

    hep-ex 2024-11 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    The RED-100 experiment sets the first constraints on reactor antineutrino coherent scattering off xenon nuclei, with 90% C.L. upper limits 60 to 90 times the Standard Model expectation.

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