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A very luminous jet from the disruption of a star by a massive black hole

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arxiv 2211.16530 v1 pith:2XCKIR4Q submitted 2022-11-29 astro-ph.HE

A very luminous jet from the disruption of a star by a massive black hole

Igor Andreoni , Michael W. Coughlin , Daniel A. Perley , Yuhan Yao , Wenbin Lu , S. Bradley Cenko , Harsh Kumar , Shreya Anand
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Anna Y. Q. Ho Mansi M. Kasliwal Antonio de Ugarte Postigo Ana Sagues-Carracedo Steve Schulze D. Alexander Kann S. R. Kulkarni Jesper Sollerman Nial Tanvir Armin Rest Luca Izzo Jean J. Somalwar David L. Kaplan Tomas Ahumada G. C. Anupama Katie Auchettl Sudhanshu Barway Eric C. Bellm Varun Bhalerao Joshua S. Bloom Michael Bremer Mattia Bulla Eric Burns Sergio Campana Poonam Chandra Panos Charalampopoulos Jeff Cooke Valerio D'Elia Kaustav Kashyap Das Dougal Dobie Jos\'e Feliciano Ag\"u\'i Fern\'andez James Freeburn Cristoffer Fremling Suvi Gezari Simon Goode Matthew Graham Erica Hammerstein Viraj R. Karambelkar Charles D. Kilpatrick Erik C. Kool Melanie Krips Russ R. Laher Giorgos Leloudas Andrew Levan Michael J. Lundquist Ashish A. Mahabal Michael S. Medford M. Coleman Miller Anais M\"oller Kunal Mooley A. J. Nayana Guy Nir Peter T. H. Pang Emmy Paraskeva Richard A. Perley Glen Petitpas Miika Pursiainen Vikram Ravi Ryan Ridden-Harper Reed Riddle Mickael Rigault Antonio C. Rodriguez Ben Rusholme Yashvi Sharma I. A. Smith Robert D. Stein Christina Th\"one Aaron Tohuvavohu Frank Valdes Jan van Roestel Susanna D. Vergani Qinan Wang Jielai Zhang
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classification astro-ph.HE
keywords tdesjettedat2022cmcluminousopticalaccretionblackdisruption
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Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are bursts of electromagnetic energy released when supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the centers of galaxies violently disrupt a star that passes too close. TDEs provide a new window to study accretion onto SMBHs; in some rare cases, this accretion leads to launching of a relativistic jet, but the necessary conditions are not fully understood. The best studied jetted TDE to date is Swift J1644+57, which was discovered in gamma-rays, but was too obscured by dust to be seen at optical wavelengths. Here we report the optical discovery of AT2022cmc, a rapidly fading source at cosmological distance (redshift z=1.19325) whose unique lightcurve transitioned into a luminous plateau within days. Observations of a bright counterpart at other wavelengths, including X-rays, sub-millimeter, and radio, supports the interpretation of AT2022cmc as a jetted TDE containing a synchrotron "afterglow", likely launched by a SMBH with spin $a \gtrsim 0.3$. Using 4 years of Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey data, we calculate a rate of $0.02 ^{+ 0.04 }_{- 0.01 }$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ for on-axis jetted TDEs based on the luminous, fast-fading red component, thus providing a measurement complementary to the rates derived from X-ray and radio observations. Correcting for the beaming angle effects, this rate confirms that about 1% of TDEs have relativistic jets. Optical surveys can use AT2022cmc as a prototype to unveil a population of jetted TDEs.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. AT2019ijn: a fast-rising, slow-decaying blue optical transient with exceptionally bright radio emission

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0

    AT2019ijn combines LFBOT-like fast optical rise and blue color with slow decay and radio luminosity peaking late at 2e31 erg/s/Hz, best fit as an off-axis jetted IMBH TDE.

  2. The Radio Properties of Extreme Coronal Line Emitters: Constraints on the Sub-parsec Environment

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    About half of low-redshift ECLEs are radio-bright like TDEs/AGN; SED modeling of four shows the ECL gas is clumpy (f_V ~ 10^{-5}-10^{-2}) and spatially distinct from the radio-emitting region.