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Enzyme-enriched condensates show self-propulsion, positioning, and coexistence

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arxiv 2301.00392 v1 pith:TVRHTP4X submitted 2023-01-01 physics.bio-ph cond-mat.soft

classification physics.bio-phcond-mat.soft
keywords condensatescondensatedistributionenzymeenzyme-enrichedfeedbackfluxespositioning
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Enzyme-enriched condensates can organize the spatial distribution of their substrates by catalyzing non-equilibrium reactions. Conversely, an inhomogeneous substrate distribution induces enzyme fluxes through substrate-enzyme interactions. We find that condensates move towards the center of a confining domain when this feedback is weak. Above a feedback threshold, they exhibit self-propulsion, leading to oscillatory dynamics. Moreover, catalysis-driven enzyme fluxes can lead to interrupted coarsening, resulting in equidistant condensate positioning, and to condensate division.

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