Pith. sign in

REVIEW 18 cited by

Colloquium: Gravitational Form Factors of the Proton

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2303.08347 v3 pith:HMSNP7AU submitted 2023-03-15 hep-ph hep-exhep-latnucl-th

classification hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-th
keywords factorsformgravitationalprotoncolloquiumadvancedchromodynamicsdecades
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
0 comments
read the original abstract

The physics of the gravitational form factors of the proton, and their understanding within quantum chromodynamics, has advanced significantly in the past two decades through both theory and experiment. This Colloquium provides an overview of this progress, highlights the physical insights unveiled by studies of gravitational form factors, and reviews their interpretation in terms of the mechanical properties of the proton.

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 18 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Lattice evidence that scalar glueballs are small

    hep-lat 2025-08 conditional novelty 8.0 of 10

    First lattice extraction of scalar glueball gravitational form factors gives a mass radius of 0.263(31) fm, smaller than typical hadrons.

  2. Quantum stress and torsion distributions in the deuteron

    nucl-th 2026-02 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    First complete non-relativistic impulse-approximation calculation of all eleven deuteron EMT form factors, including non-conserved c-bar and s-bar form factors that map to force and torsion distributions inside the nucleons.

  3. Transverse energy-momentum tensor distributions in polarized nucleons

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Transverse EMT distributions in polarized nucleons are derived in the quantum phase-space formalism; they reduce to standard light-front densities (including bad components) in the infinite-momentum frame.

  4. Renormalization-Group Invariant Parity-Doublet Model for Nuclear and Neutron-Star Matter

    nucl-th 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Including baryonic vacuum fluctuations in the parity-doublet model through an RG-invariant mean-field scheme moves the chiral transition to higher densities and turns it into a smooth crossover for most values of the ...

  5. Perception in Plan: Coupled Perception and Planning for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    cs.CV 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    The supplied body text is an unrelated physics preprint (arXiv:2508.11491), so the advertised autonomous-driving results cannot be verified from this submission.

  6. Proton Gravitational Structure and Mass Decomposition on the Light Front

    hep-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Using a light-front Hamiltonian with three-quark and three-quark-plus-gluon Fock sectors, the authors extract quark and gluon gravitational form factors and find a proton mass decomposition of 31.5% quark energy, 34.7...

  7. Gluon Gravitational $ D$-Form Factor: The $\sigma$-Meson as a Dilaton Confronted with Lattice Data II

    hep-ph 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    σ-pole residues in gluon D-form factors for π, N, ρ and Δ are consistent with dilaton effective theory predictions within large uncertainties.

  8. Quadrupole forces between quark/gluon subsystems inside higher-spin particles

    hep-ph 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    For spin-1 and spin-3/2 hadrons, the quark/gluon subsystem force acquires quadrupole and tangential components, expressed through new multipole form factors C̄_n(t).

  9. Gravitational form factors of the nucleon in the Skyrme model based on scale-invariant chiral perturbation theory

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A Skyrme model with a dilaton field attributes the proton's negative internal pressure and confining force to the gluonic scale anomaly, and reproduces the lattice QCD D(t) form factor.

  10. Mechanical properties of the $\Omega^-$ baryon from gravitational form factors

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Using QCD sum rules, the authors extract seven gravitational form factors of the Omega baryon and derive its internal energy, angular momentum, pressure, shear, radii, and D-terms.

  11. On the Impossibility of Obtaining Time-Independent, Three-Dimensional, Spherically-Symmetric Densities of Confined Systems of Relativistically Moving Constituents

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Time-independent three-dimensional spherical densities cannot be defined for relativistic confined systems; only transverse two-dimensional light-front densities are consistent with quantum mechanics and Poincare invariance.

  12. Light-front transverse profiles of scalar and spin-two chromoelectric EMT responses in near-threshold charmonium probes

    hep-ph 2026-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Scalar and spin-two chromoelectric EMT responses of the proton admit distinct light-front transverse profiles whose integrated ratio recovers the forward threshold strength ~0.15 while finite-b behavior tracks relativ...

  13. Scalar and spin-two energy-momentum-tensor structure in near-threshold charmonium probes of the proton

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    Near-threshold charmonium chromoelectric scattering separates into a scalar anomaly channel and a traceless spin-two channel fixed by Ag(0) forward and by a specific GFF combination off forward, without a boost-enhanc...

  14. Proton Structure from a Soft-Wall Holographic QCD Model: Mass Spectrum, Form Factors, and Mechanical Properties

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A soft-wall holographic model reproduces proton spectroscopy, form factors, radii, and J/ψ photoproduction, though the gravitational form factor D is an input-dependent ansatz.

  15. Mechanical properties of the proton from a deformed AdS holographic model

    hep-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A deformed AdS holographic model with a Dirac proton computes the gluon gravitational form factor A in good agreement with lattice QCD after normalizing the zero point, but the D-term and derived pressure/shear distri...

  16. Three-dimensional imaging of hadrons with hard exclusive reactions: advances in experiment, theory, phenomenology, and lattice QCD

    hep-ph 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 2.0 of 10

    A community white paper reviewing GPD-based 3D imaging of hadrons — experiment, theory, phenomenology, lattice QCD — and the roadmap toward precision tomography at JLab, COMPASS, J-PARC, and future electron-ion colliders.

  17. Electroexcitation of Nucleon Resonances and the Emergence of Hadron Mass

    hep-ph 2025-05 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

    A review argues that Jefferson Lab electroproduction data on nucleon resonances, analyzed with continuum Schwinger methods, confirm a momentum-dependent dressed quark mass, the essence of emergent hadron mass.

  18. Mapping Parton Distributions of Hadrons with Lattice QCD

    hep-lat 2025-06 accept

    A review of lattice QCD methods and results for x-dependent parton distribution functions and generalized parton distributions of hadrons.

Pith tools