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Compositional metrics of fast and slow Alfvenic solar wind emerging from coronal holes and their boundaries

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arxiv 2309.07949 v3 pith:GNROQIPH submitted 2023-09-14 astro-ph.SR physics.space-ph

classification astro-ph.SRphysics.space-ph
keywords solarwindemergingchargecoronalhigh-alfvenicityholesorbiter
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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We seek to understand the composition and variability of fast (FSW) and slow Alfvenic solar wind (SASW) emerging from coronal holes (CH). We leverage an opportune conjunction between Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during PSP Encounter 11 to include compositional diagnostics from the Solar Orbiter heavy ion sensor (HIS) as these variations provide crucial insights into the origin and nature of the solar wind. We use Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) and Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models to connect the observed plasma at PSP and Solar Orbiter to its origin footpoint in the photosphere, and compare these results with the in situ measurements. A very clear signature of a heliospheric current sheet (HCS) crossing as evidenced by enhancements in low FIP elements, ion charge state ratios, proton density, low-Alfvenicity, and polarity estimates validates the combination of modeling, data, and mapping. We identify two FSW streams emerging from small equatorial coronal holes (CH) with low ion charge state ratios, low FIP bias, high-Alfvenicity, and low footpoint brightness, yet anomalously low alpha particle abundance for both streams. We identify high-Alfvenicity slow solar wind emerging from the over-expanded boundary of a CH having intermediate alpha abundance, high-Alfvenicity, and dips in ion charge state ratios corresponding to CH boundaries. Through this comprehensive analysis, we highlight the power of multi-instrument conjunction studies in assessing the sources of the solar wind.

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Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Cross Helicity and the Helium Abundance as an in situ Metric of Solar Wind Acceleration

    astro-ph.SR 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Solar wind speed alone cannot distinguish open- from closed-field sources; combining helium abundance with cross helicity reveals an overlapping speed range that explains the Alfvénic slow wind.

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