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Virtual Photons Shed Light on the Early Temperature of Dense QCD Matter
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Dileptons produced during heavy-ion collisions represent a unique probe of the QCD phase diagram, and convey information about the state of the strongly interacting system at the moment their preceding off-shell photon is created. In this study, we compute thermal dilepton yields from Au+Au collisions performed at different beam energies, employing a (3+1)-dimensional dynamic framework combined with emission rates accurate at next-to-leading order in perturbation theory and which include baryon chemical potential dependencies. By comparing the effective temperature extracted from the thermal dilepton invariant mass spectrum with the average temperature of the fluid, we offer a robust quantitative validation of dileptons as effective probe of the early quark-gluon plasma stage.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Thermal dilepton polarization and dynamics of the QCD plasma in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Using next-to-leading-order rates, the paper predicts that dilepton polarization changes sign and magnitude in low and intermediate invariant-mass ranges, making it a sensitive probe of gluonic processes and pre-equil...
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Thermal Dilepton Polarization under Rotation or Magnetic Field in Heavy-ion Collisions
Vorticity and magnetic fields induce characteristically different dilepton polarization spectra via modified quark propagators, with λ_θ decreasing monotonically under rotation but oscillating under magnetic fields du...
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Critical net-proton number fluctuations with hydrodynamics
fRG critical fluctuations on hydrodynamic freeze-out hypersurfaces yield non-monotonic net-proton C4/C2 versus collision energy, absent in the HRG baseline.
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Effective temperatures of the QGP from thermal photon and dilepton production
In the Trajectum model, dilepton effective temperatures reliably track the quark-gluon plasma temperature, while photon effective temperatures are biased by flow and stay near 250-300 MeV.
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What is the Quark-Gluon Plasma made of?
The quark-gluon plasma is best described as a strongly coupled liquid of massive, very short-lived quark and gluon quasiparticles, with sound (phonon) modes becoming the most well-defined collective excitation at low momenta.
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Electromagnetic Probes of the Quantum Chromodynamical Plasma
A review of electromagnetic probes of quark-gluon plasma, summarizing recent NLO rate calculations, viscous corrections, and Bayesian outlook; no new results are presented.
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