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Numerical modelling of bulk viscosity in neutron stars
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abstract
The early post-merger phase of a binary neutron-star coalescence is shaped by characteristic rotational velocities as well as violent density oscillations and offers the possibility to constrain the properties of neutron star matter by observing the gravitational wave emission. One possibility to do so is the investigation of gravitational wave damping through the bulk viscosity which originates from violations of weak chemical equilibrium. Motivated by these prospects, we present a comprehensive report about the implementation of the self-consistent and second-order formulation of the equations of relativistic hydrodynamics for dissipative fluids proposed by M\"uller, Israel and Stewart. Furthermore, we report on the results of two test problems, namely the viscous damping of linear density oscillations of isolated nonrotating neutron stars and the viscous migration test, both of which confirm our implementation and can be used for future code tests. Finally, we present fully general-relativistic simulations of viscous binary neutron-star mergers. We explore the structural and thermal properties of binary neutron-star mergers with a constant bulk-viscosity prescription and investigate the impact of bulk viscosity on dynamical mass ejection. We find that inverse Reynolds numbers $\sim 1\%$ can be achieved for the highest employed viscosity thereby suppressing the dynamically ejected mass by a factor of $\sim 5$ compared to the inviscid case.
Forward citations
Cited by 3 Pith papers
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Superradiant amplification by rotating viscous compact objects
Using causal BDNK hydrodynamics, the authors derive coupled gravitational-wave and viscous-mode equations for slowly rotating stars and find superradiant amplification at low frequencies.
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Radial Oscillations of Viscous Stars
Viscosity damps neutron-star radial modes on ms timescales, shifts frequencies by up to ~1% at ζ∼10^30 g/cm/s, produces overdamped modes above ∼10^31, and cannot stabilize unstable stars in Eckart or BDNK theory.
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Bulk viscosity and $n$-component fluids
A general framework for n-component bulk viscosity in second-order hydrodynamics, with transport coefficients expressed as matrix invariants and a Green's function that decomposes into n Israel-Stewart modes.
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