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A strongly interacting, two-dimensional, dipolar spin ensemble in (111)-oriented diamond
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abstract
Systems of spins with strong dipolar interactions and controlled dimensionality enable new explorations in quantum sensing and simulation. In this work, we investigate the creation of strong dipolar interactions in a two-dimensional ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers generated via plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) on (111)-oriented diamond substrates. We find that diamond growth on the (111) plane yields high incorporation of spins, both nitrogen and NV centers, where the density of the latter is tunable via the miscut of the diamond substrate. Our process allows us to form dense, preferentially aligned, 2D NV ensembles with volume-normalized AC sensitivity down to $\eta_{AC}$ = 810 pT um$^{3/2}$ Hz$^{-1/2}$. Furthermore, we show that (111) affords maximally positive dipolar interactions amongst a 2D NV ensemble, which is crucial for leveraging dipolar-driven entanglement schemes and exploring new interacting spin physics.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Surface coupling of NV centers over nanoscale lengths
Many-body GW calculations predict that NV- centers in (111) nitrogen-terminated diamond must sit deeper than about 4 nm below the surface to avoid surface-induced ionization, a limit that plain DFT does not show.
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Non-Gaussian Noise Magnetometry Using Local Spin Qubits
A single NV spin qubit and two-qubit coincidence or Bell-state echoes can isolate fourth-order magnetic noise cumulants, demonstrated on telegraph-noise and critical Ising models.
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Prospects for Ultralow-Mass Nuclear Magnetic Resonance using Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
A modeling study projects that boron vacancy defects in hexagonal boron nitride could outperform diamond NV centers for ultralow-mass NMR at the nanoscale due to smaller standoff distances.
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Programmable glassy dynamics using tunable disorder in tweezer arrays
The relaxation of a disordered spin system is controlled by the variance of its interaction distribution, enabling engineered glassy dynamics in one-dimensional tweezer arrays.
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