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Toward stringy horizons
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abstract
We take a first step towards developing a new language to describe causal structure, event horizons, and quantum extremal surfaces (QES) for the bulk description of holographic systems beyond the standard Einstein gravity regime. By considering the structure of boundary operator algebras, we introduce a stringy ``causal depth parameter'', which quantifies the depth of the emergent radial direction in the bulk, and a certain notion of ergodicity on the boundary. We define stringy event horizons in terms of the half-sided inclusion property, which is related to a stronger notion of boundary ergodic or quantum chaotic behavior. Using our definition, we argue that above the Hawking--Page temperature, there is an emergent sharp horizon structure in the large $N$ limit of $\mathcal{N}=4$ Super-Yang--Mills at finite nonzero 't Hooft coupling. In contrast, some previously considered toy models of black hole information loss do not have a stringy horizon. Our methods can also be used to probe violations of the equivalence principle for the bulk gravitational system, and to explore aspects of stringy nonlocality.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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For the free massless scalar in a Minkowski causal diamond, the vacuum is the unique state or weight in the vacuum sector whose modular flow is local on the null boundary.
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Pole-skipping points in non-maximally chaotic systems form Regge-like trajectories whose leading curve encodes the quantum Lyapunov exponent.
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The Making of von Neumann Algebras from Bulk Focusing
A boundary region's infinite-N operator algebra is a von Neumann algebra exactly when its generalized causal wedge closes on the same region; null geodesic focusing is the bulk mechanism.
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Algebras, Entanglement Islands, and Observers
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Observer Time from Causality in Perturbative Quantum Gravity
A lightbulb-and-mirror protocol defines diffeomorphism-invariant elapsed proper time, and its leading quantum gravity correction makes the time a noncommuting quantum operator.
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