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Golden Noise for Diffusion Models: A Learning Framework

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arxiv 2411.09502 v5 pith:O2FPFM4R submitted 2024-11-14 cs.LG cs.CV

classification cs.LGcs.CV
keywords noisegoldenpromptnoisesdiffusionrandomtexttextit
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Text-to-image diffusion model is a popular paradigm that synthesizes personalized images by providing a text prompt and a random Gaussian noise. While people observe that some noises are ``golden noises'' that can achieve better text-image alignment and higher human preference than others, we still lack a machine learning framework to obtain those golden noises. To learn golden noises for diffusion sampling, we mainly make three contributions in this paper. First, we identify a new concept termed the \textit{noise prompt}, which aims at turning a random Gaussian noise into a golden noise by adding a small desirable perturbation derived from the text prompt. Following the concept, we first formulate the \textit{noise prompt learning} framework that systematically learns ``prompted'' golden noise associated with a text prompt for diffusion models. Second, we design a noise prompt data collection pipeline and collect a large-scale \textit{noise prompt dataset}~(NPD) that contains 100k pairs of random noises and golden noises with the associated text prompts. With the prepared NPD as the training dataset, we trained a small \textit{noise prompt network}~(NPNet) that can directly learn to transform a random noise into a golden noise. The learned golden noise perturbation can be considered as a kind of prompt for noise, as it is rich in semantic information and tailored to the given text prompt. Third, our extensive experiments demonstrate the impressive effectiveness and generalization of NPNet on improving the quality of synthesized images across various diffusion models, including SDXL, DreamShaper-xl-v2-turbo, and Hunyuan-DiT. Moreover, NPNet is a small and efficient controller that acts as a plug-and-play module with very limited additional inference and computational costs, as it just provides a golden noise instead of a random noise without accessing the original pipeline.

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Cited by 10 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. LatSearch: Latent Reward-Guided Search for Faster Inference-Time Scaling in Video Diffusion

    cs.CV 2026-03 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    LatSearch improves video diffusion quality and efficiency by scoring intermediate latents with a trained reward model and performing reward-guided resampling plus final pruning.

  2. FastInit: Fast Noise Initialization for Temporally Consistent Video Generation

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A single-pass learned noise predictor, trained to imitate FreeInit's outputs, gives temporally more consistent text-to-video generation at near-zero added inference cost.

  3. Canonical Latent Representations in Conditional Diffusion Models

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Projecting out the top Jacobian singular directions in a conditional diffusion model's latent space yields class prototypes that, when used for distillation, improve classifier robustness and generalization.

  4. NoiseAR: AutoRegressing Initial Noise Prior for Diffusion Models

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    NoiseAR replaces the fixed Gaussian starting noise of a diffusion model with a learned, text-conditioned, autoregressive prior over noise patches and reports modest improvements in text-to-image metrics.

  5. Breaking Latent Prior Bias in Detectors for Generalizable AIGC Image Detection

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Optimizing the initial latent noise of a diffusion model creates on-manifold adversarial examples that, added to training, make AIGC detectors generalize much better to unseen generators.

  6. Physics-Informed Distillation of Diffusion Models for PDE-Constrained Generation

    cs.LG 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Post-hoc distillation with a PDE-residual loss on final samples avoids the Jensen gap and yields one-step physics-constrained generation.

  7. Scaling Image and Video Generation via Test-Time Evolutionary Search

    cs.CV 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Evolutionary search over denoising trajectories improves image and video generation quality and diversity as test-time compute increases, without retraining the generative model.

  8. A Minimalist Method for Fine-tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models

    cs.LG 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A one-step RL method learns a prompt-conditioned initial noise distribution for a frozen diffusion model, improving scores on the training reward models, with the largest gains at low inference steps.

  9. Straighten Viscous Rectified Flow via Noise Optimization

    cs.CV 2025-07 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    VRFNO claims state-of-the-art one- and few-step image generation by straightening rectified flow trajectories, but its sampler relies on real images from the dataset.

  10. Ctrl-Z Sampling: Scaling Diffusion Sampling with Controlled Random Zigzag Explorations

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Ctrl-Z Sampling improves text-to-image outputs by adaptively rolling back and re-exploring when a reward model flags a quality plateau, at roughly 3 to 9 times the usual compute.

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