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CG-Bench: Clue-grounded Question Answering Benchmark for Long Video Understanding

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arxiv 2412.12075 v1 pith:FLCHZZMC submitted 2024-12-16 cs.CV

classification cs.CV
keywords videounderstandingcg-benchlongbenchmarkevaluationmllmsmodels
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Most existing video understanding benchmarks for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) focus only on short videos. The limited number of benchmarks for long video understanding often rely solely on multiple-choice questions (MCQs). However, because of the inherent limitation of MCQ-based evaluation and the increasing reasoning ability of MLLMs, models can give the current answer purely by combining short video understanding with elimination, without genuinely understanding the video content. To address this gap, we introduce CG-Bench, a novel benchmark designed for clue-grounded question answering in long videos. CG-Bench emphasizes the model's ability to retrieve relevant clues for questions, enhancing evaluation credibility. It features 1,219 manually curated videos categorized by a granular system with 14 primary categories, 171 secondary categories, and 638 tertiary categories, making it the largest benchmark for long video analysis. The benchmark includes 12,129 QA pairs in three major question types: perception, reasoning, and hallucination. Compensating the drawbacks of pure MCQ-based evaluation, we design two novel clue-based evaluation methods: clue-grounded white box and black box evaluations, to assess whether the model generates answers based on the correct understanding of the video. We evaluate multiple closed-source and open-source MLLMs on CG-Bench. Results indicate that current models significantly underperform in understanding long videos compared to short ones, and a significant gap exists between open-source and commercial models. We hope CG-Bench can advance the development of more trustworthy and capable MLLMs for long video understanding. All annotations and video data are released at https://cg-bench.github.io/leaderboard/.

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Cited by 10 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Incentivizing Vision Language Models to Search for Long Video Question Answering

    cs.CV 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    RL post-training of a VLM agent with neuro-symbolic temporal-logic rewards for evidence retrieval raises Pass@1 by up to 8% and Pass@4 by 15% on long-video QA.

  2. Towards Temporal Compositional Reasoning in Long-Form Sports Videos

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    SportsTime plus Chain-of-Time Reasoning (temporal-reward GRPO and anchor-observe-infer) modestly lifts open-ended sports VideoQA and step-wise temporal grounding over 4B–8B MLLM baselines.

  3. Movie Facts and Fibs (MF$^2$): A Benchmark for Long Movie Understanding

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    MF2 evaluates long-movie understanding by asking models to classify fact/fib claim pairs; the best model trails humans by 23.5 points in pairwise accuracy.

  4. DisTime: Distribution-based Time Representation for Video Large Language Models

    cs.CV 2025-05 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A single learnable time token, decoded into a probability distribution over time bins, improves temporal grounding in Video-LLMs and is trained partly on a new 1.25M-event pseudo-labeled dataset.

  5. TimeThink: Reasoning with Time for Video LLMs

    cs.CV 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    TimeThink adds step-wise temporal process rewards (max IoU of referenced intervals) to GRPO for Video-LLMs, improving grounding and reasoning over outcome-only RL baselines.

  6. VRBench: A Benchmark for Multi-Step Reasoning in Long Narrative Videos

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    VRBench is a benchmark of 960 long narrative videos with 8,243 human-written multi-step questions, plus a two-level evaluation of answer accuracy and reasoning quality for 31 large models.

  7. AV-Reasoner: Improving and Benchmarking Clue-Grounded Audio-Visual Counting for MLLMs

    cs.CV 2025-06 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    A clue-grounded audio-visual counting benchmark over 497 long videos and an RL-trained counting model, whose headline result is undermined by training on the DVD-Counting evaluation benchmark.

  8. OmniEval: A Benchmark for Evaluating Omni-modal Models with Visual, Auditory, and Textual Inputs

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    OmniEval releases a Chinese-English, audio-visual-text benchmark with fine-grained temporal grounding questions, and reports that today's omni-modal models score low and depend mainly on textual cues.

  9. A Survey on Video Temporal Grounding with Multimodal Large Language Model

    cs.CV 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 3.0 of 10

    A taxonomized review of video temporal grounding with multimodal large language models, covering model roles, training paradigms, feature processing, benchmarks, and open problems.

  10. Bridging Perspectives: A Survey on Cross-view Collaborative Intelligence with Egocentric-Exocentric Vision

    cs.CV 2025-06 accept novelty 3.0 of 10

    A comprehensive review of cross-view video understanding that uses both first-person and third-person cameras, organized into a three-direction taxonomy with a dataset catalog and future research gaps.

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