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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 55 of 55 outbound references and 4 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2502.00620.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2502.00620 v4

Coverage vector

measured 55 of 55 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-09T18:24:40.315345Z

measured 59 of 59 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 4 of 4 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T11:17:48.315561Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-25T06:40:24.869852Z

Reference resolution

55 of 55 outbound references displayed

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  • verified fuzzy17
  • unresolved36
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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation b462616d-ad44-4a1a-aff6-d8ddd25d02c4 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions write newline

Reference 1

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 81093135-1811-4529-b77c-43b1a131e698 · outbound

This paper cites Towards Understanding Ensemble, Knowledge Distillation and Self-Distillation in Deep Learning.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Towards Understanding Ensemble, Knowledge Distillation and Self-Distillation in Deep Learning

Reference 2

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Observation 4e0c71a7-e712-424b-8dfb-9179f7878fa6 · outbound

This paper cites Linear algebraic structure of word senses, with applications to polysemy.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Linear algebraic structure of word senses, with applications to polysemy

Reference 3

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d16f1899-34a6-4d98-8125-ac42fcb66b36 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen Technical Report.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Qwen Technical Report

Reference 4

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Observation 9632c612-9a80-4452-b7c9-8f125fb22add · outbound

This paper cites L., Long, P.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions L., Long, P

Reference 5

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Observation e841806f-9535-4fec-bcc0-bebd3ff556d4 · outbound

This paper cites H., and Vaucher, A.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions H., and Vaucher, A

Reference 6

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c0d03f51-3c94-4b44-95ab-959917a2386b · outbound

This paper cites Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Eliciting Strong Capabilities With Weak Supervision.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Eliciting Strong Capabilities With Weak Supervision

Reference 7

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Observation ad74230c-1c79-4c6c-9cc5-b99f1c8d1c2f · outbound

This paper cites Quantifying the Gain in Weak-to-Strong Generalization.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Quantifying the Gain in Weak-to-Strong Generalization

Reference 8

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation a8219486-29e3-4cbe-97e3-f770041772fd · outbound

This paper cites Chembench: The molecule benchmarks and molmapnet datasets, September 2020.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Chembench: The molecule benchmarks and molmapnet datasets, September 2020

Reference 9

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Observation 028c8671-6201-4a59-ad6a-e23e9dca0d9f · outbound

This paper cites The componentwise distance to the nearest singular matrix.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions The componentwise distance to the nearest singular matrix

Reference 10

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c397b7ad-7487-4e3f-84fb-67de58e25868 · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 11

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Observation 000f19c7-61b6-40ac-932c-060efce2a294 · outbound

This paper cites Inversion error, condition number, and approximate inverses of uncertain matrices.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Inversion error, condition number, and approximate inverses of uncertain matrices

Reference 12

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 55afc6d2-6da2-4504-828b-ee2e6d9ba036 · outbound

This paper cites Molecular representation learning with language models and domain-relevant auxiliary tasks.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Molecular representation learning with language models and domain-relevant auxiliary tasks

Reference 13

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Sparse coding in the primate cortex

Reference 14

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions S., and Bartlett, P

Reference 15

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation b1032421-2515-4eda-9463-d94bfee22c26 · outbound

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Aligning AI With Shared Human Values

Reference 16

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Observation b73fb5d2-99af-4090-b65d-bff01c533fde · outbound

This paper cites Cosmos QA: Machine Reading Comprehension with Contextual Commonsense Reasoning.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Cosmos QA: Machine Reading Comprehension with Contextual Commonsense Reasoning

Reference 17

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Observation e2a13334-7098-4e3f-8f88-440dc4349b38 · outbound

This paper cites The Low-Rank Simplicity Bias in Deep Networks.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions The Low-Rank Simplicity Bias in Deep Networks

Reference 18

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Neural tangent kernel: Convergence and generalization in neural networks

Reference 19

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Observation 175c0208-7050-4adb-b8bf-bb3d7a761b84 · outbound

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Implicit regularization of random feature models

Reference 20

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions The power of contrast for feature learning: A theoretical analysis

Reference 21

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Observation 36de01a5-e4b6-4387-aab9-d13edc872250 · outbound

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Unresolved cited work

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Sgd on neural networks learns functions of increasing complexity

Reference 23

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Observation ad21b0ee-8129-42d9-9c53-8b7c5e20e123 · outbound

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization

Reference 24

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Theoretical Analysis of Weak-to-Strong Generalization

Reference 25

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Observation 092d2ad1-aaf2-4ba1-be18-c7215c1d3855 · outbound

This paper cites NV-Embed: Improved Techniques for Training LLMs as Generalist Embedding Models.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions NV-Embed: Improved Techniques for Training LLMs as Generalist Embedding Models

Reference 26

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Sparse modeling for image and vision processing

Reference 27

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 4b05e995-c4c0-414b-b0b6-7ebaf251426d · outbound

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions A kernel-based view of language model fine-tuning

Reference 28

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Benign, tempered, or catastrophic: Toward a refined taxonomy of overfitting

Reference 29

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verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions The Geometry of Truth: Emergent Linear Structure in Large Language Model Representations of True/False Datasets

Reference 30

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions MTEB: Massive Text Embedding Benchmark

Reference 31

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d8dcd912-af51-4c2c-9fc6-4996c6a70fb2 · outbound

This paper cites Classification vs regression in overparameterized regimes: Does the loss function matter? Journal of Machine Learning Research, 22 0 (222): 0 1--69, 2021.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Classification vs regression in overparameterized regimes: Does the loss function matter? Journal of Machine Learning Research, 22 0 (222): 0 1--69, 2021

Reference 32

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions I., Deng, Z., Ji, W., Zou, J., and Zhang, L

Reference 33

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c2d7b254-970a-4ac9-94af-cb0d55c4bae7 · outbound

This paper cites Emergent Linear Representations in World Models of Self-Supervised Sequence Models.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Emergent Linear Representations in World Models of Self-Supervised Sequence Models

Reference 34

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Unresolved cited work

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Observation 530494e7-0eb9-4844-91c2-b2e64ebd1d15 · outbound

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

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Observation ff899ffc-88ba-422b-8688-968b300b3cbf · outbound

This paper cites Convolutional neural networks analyzed via convolutional sparse coding.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Convolutional neural networks analyzed via convolutional sparse coding

Reference 37

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.226461Z digest=sha256:72d2c1928f84cd55b9d937deae6b6ee90246714856c319f21fc89441113de251

Observation ab786217-e384-4cef-bef9-f5183ecac942 · outbound

This paper cites Multi-scale feature learning dynamics: Insights for double descent.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Multi-scale feature learning dynamics: Insights for double descent

Reference 38

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

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Observation bab086c7-ae2a-4b52-847a-ddf4a823d82b · outbound

This paper cites Data augmentation as feature manipulation.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Data augmentation as feature manipulation

Reference 39

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Observation 6c85c4e4-2567-43ea-984d-0d1bb44a2adc · outbound

This paper cites Weak-to-Strong Generalization Through the Data-Centric Lens.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Weak-to-Strong Generalization Through the Data-Centric Lens

Reference 40

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Observation 297c14f0-ddb1-4270-ad56-e3ea7d5c2825 · outbound

This paper cites A transfer learning framework for weak-to-strong generalization.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions A transfer learning framework for weak-to-strong generalization

Reference 41

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Observation 26bf7187-8367-4a04-8024-d05186dc1a79 · outbound

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.251499Z digest=sha256:f2f71c3d4bdfa2c39c1b5d8052f7a2a4d6d90d9800c5e81d02ea69673ae735d1

Observation 0f1b03f0-05b2-4817-aacd-aba2a3f75719 · outbound

This paper cites High-dimensional probability: An introduction with applications in data science, volume 47.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions High-dimensional probability: An introduction with applications in data science, volume 47

Reference 43

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Observation f84dcbb6-6df5-404d-9250-399e7e971f9a · outbound

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Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.261476Z digest=sha256:e356970dbe4ee3a488fd53bbe19f10c9cf05a5902b031b51b54d0fdff6e5bb30

Observation f29dcff4-b6fe-427c-9789-fab2ce9d4f5f · outbound

This paper cites Benign overfitting in multiclass classification: All roads lead to interpolation.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Benign overfitting in multiclass classification: All roads lead to interpolation

Reference 45

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.266443Z digest=sha256:0f1b97fc14d421ec3fb6a3fde78c33cf7588de08d37962dbfb4e362fab20b215

Observation 6c589006-4449-40c9-9cee-34559cc3eced · outbound

This paper cites Crowdsourcing Multiple Choice Science Questions.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Crowdsourcing Multiple Choice Science Questions

Reference 46

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Observation 26cd9012-f95c-4903-801a-c5a24fe36978 · outbound

This paper cites and Li, Y.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions and Li, Y

Reference 47

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.276258Z digest=sha256:3d6d457b9da8a0048c89dc0cdc92fe931ef15d5dca376a9c5d48527884a4ddfa

Observation f142382f-0371-44b3-863e-15f50b0331aa · outbound

This paper cites Provable Weak-to-Strong Generalization via Benign Overfitting.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Provable Weak-to-Strong Generalization via Benign Overfitting

Reference 48

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.281155Z digest=sha256:5c3629e567dc4010652d1348c3bb07a8d931294c520a800eeabbe8dfe26eaa39

Observation 5c53893f-93af-4937-9dd2-3e5d81eb3b6e · outbound

This paper cites N., Gomes, J., Geniesse, C., Pappu, A.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions N., Gomes, J., Geniesse, C., Pappu, A

Reference 49

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.286318Z digest=sha256:cf5c437931f5d893700edadb927607582670f932218120a0a9b78328c513404c

Observation 15fc0df6-1dd4-4def-8923-ae21c344ef35 · outbound

This paper cites Which features are learnt by contrastive learning? on the role of simplicity bias in class collapse and feature suppression.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Which features are learnt by contrastive learning? on the role of simplicity bias in class collapse and feature suppression

Reference 50

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

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Observation 8fa3d02a-5bc0-41a8-91d1-327831dfa099 · outbound

This paper cites Linear spatial pyramid matching using sparse coding for image classification.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Linear spatial pyramid matching using sparse coding for image classification

Reference 51

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

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Observation bb96c572-3c08-4c88-8b62-98c184873594 · outbound

This paper cites Understanding deep learning (still) requires rethinking generalization.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Understanding deep learning (still) requires rethinking generalization

Reference 52

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Observation 14f30af6-0f27-432b-b8af-c0b3a6b3f27f · outbound

This paper cites Character-level convolutional networks for text classification.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Character-level convolutional networks for text classification

Reference 53

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.305406Z digest=sha256:07102ace8615b750c932db62aab7b6dedb55d7384cc4f1cfa33ebfc40bc24264

Observation 633e648d-a5ff-4f82-aeaf-7abc2948cff5 · outbound

This paper cites Representation Engineering: A Top-Down Approach to AI Transparency.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Representation Engineering: A Top-Down Approach to AI Transparency

Reference 54

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Observation a3862328-9605-471c-b4de-0ad06180f3ed · outbound

This paper cites Understanding the Generalization of Adam in Learning Neural Networks with Proper Regularization.

Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions Understanding the Generalization of Adam in Learning Neural Networks with Proper Regularization

Reference 55

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-09T18:24:40.315345Z digest=sha256:9983e71cf947579cba5e9dd8b9aa46733b478a6793501f78a19a6e99893ad1a0

Pith citing papers

Observation 81ec8b57-3f57-4fc3-9cb2-2abcabc0f840 · inbound

On Weak-to-Strong Generalization and f-Divergence cites this paper.

On Weak-to-Strong Generalization and f-Divergence Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions

Reference 58

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Observation c37234fe-e2f6-4053-b4d1-d3031fd63719 · inbound

On the Blessing of Pre-training in Weak-to-Strong Generalization cites this paper.

On the Blessing of Pre-training in Weak-to-Strong Generalization Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions

Reference 122

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

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Observation 617ece9a-2073-4d9e-97eb-415f419273d0 · inbound

Feature Learning in Linear-Width Two-Layer Networks: Two vs. One Step of Gradient Descent cites this paper.

Feature Learning in Linear-Width Two-Layer Networks: Two vs. One Step of Gradient Descent Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions

Reference 251

Resolution
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arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T01:32:56.037707Z

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-20T01:29:14.555216Z digest=sha256:bc94e82e99f50d35b566cb40035668be5daf063e09c411ea3fc200d98fdfffe0

Observation 4afd1487-5f3f-4501-89b6-27be0b581b78 · inbound

Feature Learning in Linear-Width Two-Layer Networks: Two vs. One Step of Gradient Descent cites this paper.

Feature Learning in Linear-Width Two-Layer Networks: Two vs. One Step of Gradient Descent Representations Shape Weak-to-Strong Generalization: Theoretical Insights and Empirical Predictions

Reference 251

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-25T06:40:24.872274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

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