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KnowsLM: A framework for evaluation of small language models for knowledge augmentation and humanised conversations

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arxiv 2504.04569 v2 pith:GY6O7ENR submitted 2025-04-06 cs.CL

classification cs.CL
keywords knowledgefine-tuningmodelsstylisticaccuracyaugmentationconversationallanguage
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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In the evolving landscape of conversational AI, generating concise, context-aware, and human-like dialogue using small and medium-sized language models (LLMs) remains a complex challenge. This study investigates the influence of LoRA rank, dataset scale, and prompt prefix design on both knowledge retention and stylistic alignment. While fine-tuning improves fluency and enables stylistic customization, its ability to integrate unseen knowledge is constrained -- particularly with smaller datasets. Conversely, RAG-augmented models, equipped to incorporate external documents at inference, demonstrated superior factual accuracy on out-of-distribution prompts, though they lacked the stylistic consistency achieved by fine-tuning. Evaluations by LLM-based judges across knowledge accuracy, conversational quality, and conciseness suggest that fine-tuning is best suited for tone adaptation, whereas RAG excels at real-time knowledge augmentation.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. VLMs-in-the-Wild: Bridging the Gap Between Academic Benchmarks and Enterprise Reality

    cs.CV 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    VLM-in-the-Wild provides an enterprise-focused benchmark and the BlockWeaver OCR matching algorithm, reporting that a small fine-tuned model can rival a 32B model on some tasks.

  2. AQuilt: Weaving Logic and Self-Inspection into Low-Cost, High-Relevance Data Synthesis for Specialist LLMs

    cs.CL 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A 7B data synthesis model trained on 703k DeepSeek-V3 distilled examples can produce domain-specific instruction data competitive with using DeepSeek-V3 directly, at roughly one fifth of the production cost.

  3. E-ARMOR: Edge case Assessment and Review of Multilingual Optical Character Recognition

    cs.CL 2025-09 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    Their custom PaddleOCR-based system achieves the best F1 (0.46), fastest latency (0.17 s/image), and lowest cost ($0.006/1k images) among seven OCR systems on a private 54-language benchmark.

  4. Collaborative Inference and Learning between Edge SLMs and Cloud LLMs: A Survey of Algorithms, Execution, and Open Challenges

    cs.DC 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A survey that builds a taxonomy of edge-cloud LLM-SLM collaboration for inference and training, claiming to be the first to unify both phases.

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