Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 45 of 45 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2504.12523.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2504.12523 v1

Coverage vector

measured 45 of 45 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.497251Z

measured 47 of 47 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:34:43.717557Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-07T12:34:47.938909Z

Reference resolution

45 of 45 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy24
unresolved21
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 1512724a-71c7-47c1-8ad7-58e6e2a95f40 · outbound

This paper cites Misleading choices also should include more details, such as number, names, locations, than the correct choice.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Misleading choices also should include more details, such as number, names, locations, than the correct choice

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.176406Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 7780fd69-317f-4030-9701-08b2b879bbc6 · outbound

This paper cites RealTime QA: What's the Answer Right Now?.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge RealTime QA: What's the Answer Right Now?

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.310525Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ad26d532-4064-4fb6-84ab-c4cbcd82bd3c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.148653Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation e6e5bb73-b372-4596-8155-45df6c1ebfb4 · outbound

This paper cites Rephrasing natural text data with different languages and quality levels for Large Language Model pre-training.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Rephrasing natural text data with different languages and quality levels for Large Language Model pre-training

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.320784Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fb8211bb-4c63-4cfa-bba3-301b08790afe · outbound

This paper cites Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.325623Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e6ce6afb-15dd-4da2-a8d4-9a006ad431f2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.162596Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation de6dd189-14e3-4db7-9572-2dd51c384b15 · outbound

This paper cites content” and “role.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge content” and “role

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.134635Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d4189809-4184-4554-b711-bcfbada5493b · outbound

This paper cites the person,.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge the person,

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.121012Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 7142517a-ecd9-4557-8b7d-c466f8f8d97d · outbound

This paper cites Do not assume the reader has seen previous questions.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Do not assume the reader has seen previous questions

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.107576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation a81f715a-d6fa-4dde-a6f4-57fca9ee067c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.093670Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2e6e0dff-e013-42ba-b4da-46fc116b954d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.079552Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 88ac075a-d7ec-4101-83bb-a2897351ae92 · outbound

This paper cites If quotation marks are necessary within content, use single quotes (”) instead.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge If quotation marks are necessary within content, use single quotes (”) instead

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.065390Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ea41329f-046e-45ac-a569-3dba8412c101 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.050612Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 15a1839a-c769-4acf-b74b-45b87ab62d1c · outbound

This paper cites For example, an answer should explain what was true before the change, when the change occurred, and how the fact evolved into its new state.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge For example, an answer should explain what was true before the change, when the change occurred, and how the fact evolved into its new state

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.037044Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 749d8160-bacb-438e-928a-9555cfade64f · outbound

This paper cites MoMa is free for full-time students from Columbia University and CUNY schools,.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge MoMa is free for full-time students from Columbia University and CUNY schools,

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.022389Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 594b65a3-1a24-4e01-9e22-71b735e4ee71 · outbound

This paper cites Avoid previous fact, past results, or accomplishments that cannot be any different in the future.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Avoid previous fact, past results, or accomplishments that cannot be any different in the future

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:44.007716Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d8f37fd2-a131-45a3-9284-47b7a7ab0eb8 · outbound

This paper cites Exclude very stable attributes that are unlikely to change or require unrealistic assumptions for change.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Exclude very stable attributes that are unlikely to change or require unrealistic assumptions for change

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.993213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 889ed30e-cc56-4565-88ac-74bc1206deb2 · outbound

This paper cites Avoid subjective opinions, speculative commentary, or obscure and vague answers.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Avoid subjective opinions, speculative commentary, or obscure and vague answers

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.979555Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f8914582-9cd5-4e20-986c-76a8abdb74b2 · outbound

This paper cites actively,.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge actively,

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.965675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation a88fc2b5-ffad-4c07-a0ee-2b60a4613814 · outbound

This paper cites there exists nonfactual information in bad statements.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge there exists nonfactual information in bad statements

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.950624Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation aacab250-7bd3-4f5c-8c15-a6edb3e866f9 · outbound

This paper cites bad statements, which might use present tense, describe past reality or achieved results that are not subject to possible changes.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge bad statements, which might use present tense, describe past reality or achieved results that are not subject to possible changes

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.935545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation cda24b43-1f62-4cfe-9131-8ee586214cb0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.920205Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8093e9be-1c8c-4548-a93c-f61c2cf5e11b · outbound

This paper cites Label: good.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Label: good

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.905959Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 85d75a14-32a0-4ff6-8831-b743f98eba0a · outbound

This paper cites New York Yankees.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge New York Yankees

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.891726Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ba421787-0e34-4d5f-ae9a-e8f5284f2078 · outbound

This paper cites Emma Watson has been involved in various sustainable fashion projects.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Emma Watson has been involved in various sustainable fashion projects

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.877699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 4544bdd3-1a7e-430f-90c8-987d4113182c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.863685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 361c80b3-15e2-4550-b9df-d7a45182bada · outbound

This paper cites retirement,.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge retirement,

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.850335Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2eedb8be-8529-4ef8-a782-fae3d3199dd1 · outbound

This paper cites This fact is not changeable.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge This fact is not changeable

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.836265Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 986ccd76-e827-4f99-a547-0f4afb886d6a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.821924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d9c2d89b-f45a-4a05-87f6-a9b5bf1cb4eb · outbound

This paper cites In each guideline, specify these concrete details in one or two sentences.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge In each guideline, specify these concrete details in one or two sentences

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.807208Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 32b8c2eb-ac7a-4599-845a-a015e057a2f9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.791837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 888557ba-4b45-45dc-bf92-2487635d9fd9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.777803Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 1a4d1a5f-d897-4e1a-ac98-538ee87a5aa3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.762978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation e45a5662-714c-4117-a9bd-2f4a6e9c8316 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.748279Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 414d3b34-3cf5-48ed-9882-b074c10c7e71 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.732489Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2bf093de-dba7-4f5c-ad25-83ee18d086f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.718402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation bccfe4eb-4691-40e0-81ef-b44c51340d75 · outbound

This paper cites Instruction:.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Instruction:

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.704510Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2346e07f-572e-497c-939d-37ed0c40fe30 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.689420Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f588d80e-deb2-4d0b-a695-b8d2973866e4 · outbound

This paper cites However, do not change the core of the original article: {update}.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge However, do not change the core of the original article: {update}

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.672327Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 4783b219-b4f1-4634-ab92-1be1bd5c086b · outbound

This paper cites Date:",.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Date:",

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.658123Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 50150051-8cc1-48dd-8e0e-9824bdd8f45d · outbound

This paper cites Any new information must not contradict the original AI-generated article.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Any new information must not contradict the original AI-generated article

Reference 43

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.643402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 6ea5156b-2a52-4aa3-8f1c-5e6f42a4a5e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.628297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 55f59bc7-144c-42f6-a726-9b2b54bfd7f1 · outbound

This paper cites {excerpt}.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge {excerpt}

Reference 45

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.613274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8c3e498f-7bb5-41d7-80f0-eec1f2257e61 · outbound

This paper cites MathCoder2: Better Math Reasoning from Continued Pretraining on Model-translated Mathematical Code.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge MathCoder2: Better Math Reasoning from Continued Pretraining on Model-translated Mathematical Code

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.315204Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 43fb8dcf-d800-4f44-9b88-a289bec15476 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:36:43.305229Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 2a41eed5-a02d-4c68-ba40-7261c8fedd9a · inbound

ScienceMeter: Tracking Scientific Knowledge Updates in Language Models cites this paper.

ScienceMeter: Tracking Scientific Knowledge Updates in Language Models Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge

Reference 29

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T12:34:48.013722Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ad3d40cf-17ea-4218-8861-0dc09250058e · inbound

Can a Language Model Learn Facts Continually in Its Weights? cites this paper.

Can a Language Model Learn Facts Continually in Its Weights? Memorization vs. Reasoning: Updating LLMs with New Knowledge

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T07:36:43.499258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.