Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 23 of 23 outbound references and 5 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2504.16318.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2504.16318 v3

Coverage vector

measured 23 of 23 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.523478Z

measured 28 of 28 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 5 of 5 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T22:16:58.500777Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

23 of 23 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy20
unresolved3
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

1
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation f9541595-c2a2-4915-a403-c273b03c3925 · outbound

This paper cites and Albanie, S.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Albanie, S

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.747646Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 9c0d1567-3e91-463b-8a3e-0c2fb9773db8 · outbound

This paper cites and Hinton, G.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Hinton, G

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.738822Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 5255cd97-a505-4e6e-beee-2b93f5cb29ee · outbound

This paper cites N., Maes, L., Kobak, D.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't N., Maes, L., Kobak, D

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.730437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c7135737-43c0-43d0-93b5-880d4e39244e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.721793Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 60cb6b3b-0ed4-45a3-b1ed-370d8176e576 · outbound

This paper cites and Chen, D.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Chen, D

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.712115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation dacc80e2-bb42-46c6-9c8a-07e23139bb0b · outbound

This paper cites H., Buchatskaya, E., Doersch, C., Pires, B.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't H., Buchatskaya, E., Doersch, C., Pires, B

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.702813Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3c78c4a6-1a03-4925-a0ba-e76baae24149 · outbound

This paper cites and Girshick, R.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Girshick, R

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.694751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 87b36831-db08-4911-8e59-b948450bfce6 · outbound

This paper cites and Duerig, T.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Duerig, T

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.687343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 5bd3a4f6-ee1b-4ba1-a5f8-fcb9bed0b3ed · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.679666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 11f1d1e8-28b8-428c-ab7d-3dfa55d4ef05 · outbound

This paper cites and Gao, L.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Gao, L

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.672029Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 0c02edcf-79a2-4866-af46-843e6d2f69a5 · outbound

This paper cites and Mercer, R.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Mercer, R

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.663419Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 283682c5-5327-43a5-8180-94b655667705 · outbound

This paper cites and Dean, J.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Dean, J

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.654300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 27a0e1ba-bf81-431e-996f-58cabf960a7b · outbound

This paper cites and Shimodaira, H.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Shimodaira, H

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.645265Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 5b8cf8cc-a17f-4380-a5bf-028eb04d2dd1 · outbound

This paper cites and Manning, C.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Manning, C

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.637104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 83529fae-7af3-4625-95d4-bb82c3b789aa · outbound

This paper cites W., Hallacy, C., Ramesh, A., Goh, G., Agarwal, S., Sastry, G., Askell, A., Mishkin, P., Clark, J., Krueger, G.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't W., Hallacy, C., Ramesh, A., Goh, G., Agarwal, S., Sastry, G., Askell, A., Mishkin, P., Clark, J., Krueger, G

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.629131Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ebe3c216-edcb-4da5-b73d-4476bcdf4756 · outbound

This paper cites and Gurevych, I.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Gurevych, I

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.618806Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 6fc502c7-6dbe-4fa5-ad05-eb0555d82c3c · outbound

This paper cites and Yang, C.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Yang, C

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.609639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation bfff01b5-152d-43fe-8dc6-7fbcfa6b2608 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.600516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 22e1024a-d845-4ef5-9e1a-ec6033228954 · outbound

This paper cites and Isola, P.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Isola, P

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.589142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3e5a6d5e-3637-4d1d-9c62-ff961e6cee06 · outbound

This paper cites and Inui, K.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Inui, K

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.580505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 7268b61c-6ddd-4934-852e-6e75dbba10ab · outbound

This paper cites and Suh, C.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Suh, C

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.572102Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 02bc6fd1-f60d-4f1d-b6ba-6784a6193520 · outbound

This paper cites and Beyer, L.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Beyer, L

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.562625Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 24dc6828-0237-41c5-8769-540fb50098ad · outbound

This paper cites and Juraf- sky, D.

Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't and Juraf- sky, D

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T11:10:28.553058Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 8ea709bc-60c3-4d9a-ab4c-96fe120dc6dd · inbound

Adversarial Training Improves Generalization Under Distribution Shifts in Bioacoustics cites this paper.

Adversarial Training Improves Generalization Under Distribution Shifts in Bioacoustics Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't

Reference 76

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:24:11.067047Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1aa86d54-36f2-47ea-b696-ff54b2d264ad · inbound

A Dual Cross-Attention Graph Learning Framework For Multimodal MRI-Based Major Depressive Disorder Detection cites this paper.

A Dual Cross-Attention Graph Learning Framework For Multimodal MRI-Based Major Depressive Disorder Detection Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't

Reference 36

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-24T01:24:02.473320Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8749b8f9-7f20-4dd9-a969-dada448c7215 · inbound

Same Patient, Different Words, Different Diagnosis? Evaluating Semantic Stability in Clinical LLMs cites this paper.

Same Patient, Different Words, Different Diagnosis? Evaluating Semantic Stability in Clinical LLMs Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't

Reference 31

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-24T01:24:02.473320Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d2b4748b-e098-46ca-9fe2-f87fabc915be · inbound

HistoRAG: Embedding Historical Methodology in Retrieval-Augmented Generation Through Critical Technical Practice cites this paper.

HistoRAG: Embedding Historical Methodology in Retrieval-Augmented Generation Through Critical Technical Practice Semantics at an Angle: When Cosine Similarity Works Until It Doesn't

Reference 41

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-24T01:24:02.473320Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3a63939c-8236-4c3b-9a70-196c8eb6700d · inbound

Mapping Similarity Spaces across Embedding Models with Synthetic Query Probing cites this paper.

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T22:16:58.500777Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.