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JWST/NIRSpec Observations of High Ionization Emission Lines in Galaxies at High Redshift

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arxiv 2505.06359 v2 pith:O4ULV3YF submitted 2025-05-09 astro-ph.GA

classification astro-ph.GA
keywords highionizationlinesgalaxiesnarrowemissionheiilarge
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abstract

JWST spectroscopy has built large emission line samples at $z\gtrsim4$, but it has yet to confidently reveal many galaxies with the hard radiation fields commonly associated with AGN photoionization. While this may indicate a weaker UV ionizing spectrum in many $z>4$ AGNs or obscuration from dense neutral gas and dust, the complete picture remains unclear owing to the small number of deep rest-UV spectra. Here we characterize the strength of high ionization lines in $53$ new galaxies observed with NIRSpec $R=2700$ grating spectroscopy. We present new detections of narrow NV$\lambda1240$ in two galaxies. One is a previously-confirmed $z=6.98$ Little Red Dot (LRD) with broad H$\beta$, and the other is a $z=8.72$ galaxy with a narrow line spectrum. Neither source exhibits CIV or HeII emission, indicating large NV/CIV and NV/HeII ratios that may reflect a combination of nitrogen-enhancement and resonant scattering effects. We investigate the incidence of narrow high ionization lines in a large database of $851$ NIRSpec grating spectra, and we separately quantify the fraction of LRDs with narrow high ionization UV emission lines. Our results likely suggest that hard radiation fields are indeed present in a small subset of LRDs ($12.5^{+23.7}_{-10.4}\%$) and UV-selected galaxies ($2.2^{+1.7}_{-1.0}\%$) at $z>4$. The identification of narrow high ionization lines in the population of LRDs with strong Balmer absorption suggests the dense neutral hydrogen gas may not uniformly cover the nucleus. The strong NV (coupled with weak CIV and HeII) suggests that efforts to identify high ionization lines should extend down in wavelength to the NV doublet.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Misaligned or chaotic? A strong break of axial symmetry in the local LRD J1025 revealed with VLT/FORS2 spectropolarimetry

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

    The local Little Red Dot J1025 shows a 48° polarisation-angle offset between continuum and broad H-alpha, requiring broken axial symmetry.

  2. What you see is what you get: empirically measured bolometric luminosities of Little Red Dots

    astro-ph.GA 2025-09 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

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  3. Quenching of X-ray emission in little red dots by both Compton-thick gas and high accretion rates

    astro-ph.GA 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    X-ray non-detection of little red dots requires both Compton-thick gas columns (~1e25 cm^-2) and intrinsically weak X-ray emission with bolometric correction k_bol,X ≳ 30.

  4. Deep JWST spectroscopy of galaxies in a candidate ionized bubble at $z = 8.7$: probing reionization at pMpc scales with Ly$\alpha$ emission

    astro-ph.GA 2025-10 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Lyα transmission in the z=8.7 EGS volume is T_IGM=0.26+0.25−0.14, consistent with the field average and mildly inconsistent with a 2-pMpc ionized bubble, making such a bubble unlikely.

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    astro-ph.GA 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

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  6. Little Red Dots as Obscured Little Blue Dots: A Super-Eddington Unification Model

    astro-ph.GA 2026-02 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Little Red Dots are proposed to be dust-reddened, edge-on views of the same super-Eddington accreting blue AGNs seen face-on as Little Blue Dots.

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