Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:08.348136Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning
As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 39 of 39 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.03923.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-03T03:04:44.276275Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-30T04:54:16.756504Z
Reference resolution
39 of 39 outbound references displayed
- verified exact3
- verified fuzzy0
- unresolved36
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation 2029e78c-c795-4bb7-9a6e-ae7d46f2f301 · outbound
This paper cites Large Language Models for Mathematical Reasoning: Progresses and Challenges.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Large Language Models for Mathematical Reasoning: Progresses and Challenges
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:03.671310Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 93eb09a3-fb8f-4a6c-bbb5-4e418bbd4ad0 · outbound
This paper cites On the Worst Prompt Performance of Large Language Models.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning On the Worst Prompt Performance of Large Language Models
Reference 2
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:03.731271Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9c50a102-b85f-40df-9da7-996f19b0d3a6 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 3
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:11.161920Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 8be3ad81-28a2-40f2-aacf-54bc92d60046 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:11.033052Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 4182eb43-d50f-49d9-ba16-ef085a218dfb · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:10.794456Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 8e491cff-e21f-4dbf-800a-f8f6c8f157a8 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:10.559318Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 6fedf50d-47f1-4ddf-ad54-d952ddd63c53 · outbound
This paper cites Gallegos, Ryan A.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Gallegos, Ryan A
Reference 7
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:04.303885Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1c0d5958-57f5-41a5-8fe8-3c497e1a2b26 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:10.383765Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 81097b6f-cc56-4cc6-841c-ec4d7ccfa15c · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:04.496441Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 57be3c9d-903f-4699-ab7e-0859efc82d58 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:10.183141Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 9ec5b8ff-bdb8-4a23-b3fe-d7cc9259516f · outbound
This paper cites MathPrompter: Mathematical Reasoning using Large Language Models.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning MathPrompter: Mathematical Reasoning using Large Language Models
Reference 11
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:04.705154Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0c5f7e4b-ba64-45e4-b793-b859632779b7 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:04.803957Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7200a673-5290-4466-87d8-7dc2f35e7f2b · outbound
This paper cites Evaluating Gender Bias in Large Language Models via Chain-of-Thought Prompting.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Evaluating Gender Bias in Large Language Models via Chain-of-Thought Prompting
Reference 13
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:04.917391Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2622d872-118d-4193-8b87-10655848487a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:04.958985Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d8f5b555-5bab-4353-af59-10676552427d · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 15
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:05.116473Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ec79e4fc-526b-4024-913f-1961af1a1fcc · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 16
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:05.242830Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6c9e67a1-bae1-4e94-93f9-9383dda5b406 · outbound
This paper cites Middleton, and Mahesan Niranjan.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Middleton, and Mahesan Niranjan
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:09.048140Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 9fcbf4af-5719-4871-97dd-86f89cf5fa44 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:05.546682Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 85674bff-d569-4dca-89f9-474cd0b58c15 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 19
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:05.730500Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ec745306-406d-417c-ae4c-d5bd1eaf01a0 · outbound
This paper cites Mohammad.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Mohammad
Reference 20
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:05.937415Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ff333273-41c7-4749-bdae-b50ce153f8e7 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:06.051530Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4f03af5a-2f29-4aa3-a534-1366f8809ec0 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:09.990485Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 24f84214-8c1e-43b1-8ce6-602689d0ad88 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 23
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:06.364610Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a567ff22-34db-40d1-a793-deba42ddeaf1 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:06.511769Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e33fd979-e3a7-4982-8b0a-573d7b0ea03a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:09.771886Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 894d3775-e990-48ae-bdb4-2127c53fdeaa · outbound
This paper cites What's in a Name? Auditing Large Language Models for Race and Gender Bias.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning What's in a Name? Auditing Large Language Models for Race and Gender Bias
Reference 26
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:06.783735Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 32d913c0-1673-4981-82e1-4f9a59691a1f · outbound
This paper cites Quantifying Language Models' Sensitivity to Spurious Features in Prompt Design or: How I learned to start worrying about prompt formatting.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Quantifying Language Models' Sensitivity to Spurious Features in Prompt Design or: How I learned to start worrying about prompt formatting
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:06.932061Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ad6e70c7-acb6-4bfa-9734-21d933f89fea · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:07.130480Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 31a7bc6d-5cd3-4ce3-8bd0-0c1a214378fd · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:08.813966Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation a5e091dc-eeab-418f-b4ee-1be745e2a0e3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:09.529404Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation cb71251d-e0ab-4049-ba72-c8813b0ae14f · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 31
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:07.505151Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3ffd3beb-1b77-4b17-920b-af8e2159c106 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:07.572507Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 118819a0-30a0-4c52-ac85-cb0201da56d5 · outbound
This paper cites Chi, Quoc V Le, and Denny Zhou.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Chi, Quoc V Le, and Denny Zhou
Reference 33
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:07.698154Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 38c9e240-1713-422a-9a11-5a9a374cfe94 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:07.767127Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 58e79156-0d7d-40d6-a1bf-dfdd8c343d3c · outbound
This paper cites LPML: LLM-Prompting Markup Language for Mathematical Reasoning.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning LPML: LLM-Prompting Markup Language for Mathematical Reasoning
Reference 35
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:07.866929Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e27d4bdc-9e59-413e-851c-5f4f34f04562 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:08.566408Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation cb32b20b-918f-4f99-92d7-cf1ed9bab134 · outbound
This paper cites Order Matters: Investigate the Position Bias in Multi-constraint Instruction Following.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning Order Matters: Investigate the Position Bias in Multi-constraint Instruction Following
Reference 37
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:08.115949Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b756312c-638e-459c-abc7-70647469468a · outbound
This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning online" 'onlinestring :=
Reference 38
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:08.239730Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3ad43016-afbf-4768-8994-96634f359f06 · outbound
This paper cites write newline.
More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning write newline
Reference 39
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:59:08.348136Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Pith citing papers
Observation e33ce7b7-8213-4ac5-8b1b-8e87331d47aa · inbound
Reward Modeling for Reinforcement Learning-Based LLM Reasoning: Design, Challenges, and Evaluation cites this paper.
Reward Modeling for Reinforcement Learning-Based LLM Reasoning: Design, Challenges, and Evaluation More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning
Reference 2017
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T03:04:44.276275Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2bd616bb-7040-4cf3-88ac-cf8f6bfa407d · inbound
Words Speak Louder Than Code: Investigating Cognitive Heuristics in LLM-Based Code Vulnerability Detection cites this paper.
Words Speak Louder Than Code: Investigating Cognitive Heuristics in LLM-Based Code Vulnerability Detection More or Less Wrong: A Benchmark for Directional Bias in LLM Comparative Reasoning
Reference 57
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T04:54:16.758027Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.