Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 23 of 23 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.11047.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.11047 v1

Coverage vector

measured 23 of 23 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:26.866262Z

measured 23 of 23 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

23 of 23 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy19
unresolved4
parse uncertain0
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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 745a836f-64ac-4835-9107-7439bbf2a05c · outbound

This paper cites Fairness through awareness.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Fairness through awareness

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.911561Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 754b694d-5566-4f1d-832b-bc607d172301 · outbound

This paper cites Equality of opportunity in supervised learning.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Equality of opportunity in supervised learning

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.825617Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f8594014-aa0d-4373-b6a2-347c4a98c0ef · outbound

This paper cites Friedler, John Moeller, Carlos Scheidegger, and Suresh Venkatasubramanian.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Friedler, John Moeller, Carlos Scheidegger, and Suresh Venkatasubramanian

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.735069Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 911e534d-e244-4490-adc8-65b5dab7adc6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.653840Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2774e62a-fdcd-4ee0-8212-d16f50460d00 · outbound

This paper cites Inherent trade-offs in the fair determination of risk scores.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Inherent trade-offs in the fair determination of risk scores

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.573678Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f1821d36-0f1f-4eea-9ff0-845523ea3db0 · outbound

This paper cites Fairness definitions explained.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Fairness definitions explained

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.473856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4852dc35-1580-4fbe-9aa1-ba3d97a678a1 · outbound

This paper cites Fair prediction with disparate impact: A study of bias in recidivism prediction instruments.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Fair prediction with disparate impact: A study of bias in recidivism prediction instruments

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.390940Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2f62ec09-dc30-4170-9fce-a795a7661c73 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:25.878792Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 83934fcf-303f-43bd-9b8f-921b07351db3 · outbound

This paper cites A Framework for Understanding Sources of Harm throughout the Machine Learning Life Cycle.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment A Framework for Understanding Sources of Harm throughout the Machine Learning Life Cycle

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:26.000405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 130b6e1c-f92b-4ca8-9ea9-fbbd0c6b0ae8 · outbound

This paper cites A survey on bias and fairness in machine learning.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment A survey on bias and fairness in machine learning

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.270267Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e50a9c03-2fd8-44ed-9928-ca15a612271b · outbound

This paper cites Gender shades: Intersectional accuracy disparities in commercial gender classification.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Gender shades: Intersectional accuracy disparities in commercial gender classification

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.203681Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation bcfac95f-4097-4d26-854d-5b7d05f502fd · outbound

This paper cites Improving fairness in machine learning systems: What do industry practitioners need? In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems , pages 1–16.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Improving fairness in machine learning systems: What do industry practitioners need? In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems , pages 1–16

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.126605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cad160a7-85fa-45ae-a4f2-b206239152d9 · outbound

This paper cites Madaio, Luke Stark, Jennifer Wortman Vaughan, and Hanna Wallach.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Madaio, Luke Stark, Jennifer Wortman Vaughan, and Hanna Wallach

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:28.051628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 0e2cb4c3-9891-4999-b0f1-e4f2fa70b2b0 · outbound

This paper cites Fairness and accountability design needs for algorithmic support in high-stakes public sector decision-making.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Fairness and accountability design needs for algorithmic support in high-stakes public sector decision-making

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.931338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 92271f1d-e65f-428c-91a5-81279ccd0505 · outbound

This paper cites ït’s reducing a human being to a percentage¨: Perceptions of justice in algorithmic decisions.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment ït’s reducing a human being to a percentage¨: Perceptions of justice in algorithmic decisions

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.786115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 25671c74-e032-4a09-9b19-af7269ded4ed · outbound

This paper cites Parkes, and Yang Liu.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Parkes, and Yang Liu

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.693743Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 17fe4cf8-1da3-4b89-bec5-1d28440b2786 · outbound

This paper cites Raji, and Timnit Gebru.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Raji, and Timnit Gebru

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.566491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cff4c03b-6975-4792-a181-75824c9e258a · outbound

This paper cites Fairvis: Visual analytics for discovering intersectional bias in machine learning.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Fairvis: Visual analytics for discovering intersectional bias in machine learning

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.463169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d29f6029-759b-42b1-9114-3dd92dc639a9 · outbound

This paper cites Fairsight: Visual analytics for fairness in decision making.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Fairsight: Visual analytics for fairness in decision making

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.380598Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4c68e342-c619-47c8-a37a-4e47acbd6f87 · outbound

This paper cites recaptcha: Human-based character recognition via web security measures.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment recaptcha: Human-based character recognition via web security measures

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.314348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8dc93aaa-020c-492a-873c-e257c16ebe91 · outbound

This paper cites Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.188795Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 47afc091-24af-41a6-9d75-cc4149ecd794 · outbound

This paper cites Christiano, Jan Leike, Tom B.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Christiano, Jan Leike, Tom B

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.097316Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c4134421-c4f5-42c9-9aaa-9ae97a8d92b3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Perception-Driven Bias Detection in Machine Learning via Crowdsourced Visual Judgment Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:15:27.009976Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.