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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective

As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 77 of 77 outbound references and 4 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.11135.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.11135 v1

Coverage vector

measured 77 of 77 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:43.734511Z

measured 81 of 81 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 4 of 4 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T02:22:11.014947Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-10T12:15:01.137692Z

Reference resolution

77 of 77 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy55
  • unresolved22
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 22ee85b6-3fcd-47ec-a8fd-e76a8c40f5ec · outbound

This paper cites Chi, Tatsunori Hashimoto, Oriol Vinyals, Percy Liang, Jeff Dean, and William Fedus.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Chi, Tatsunori Hashimoto, Oriol Vinyals, Percy Liang, Jeff Dean, and William Fedus

Reference 1

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 4006531a-aca1-49af-a8f8-be26c33dddd4 · outbound

This paper cites Emergent Abilities in Large Language Models: A Survey.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Emergent Abilities in Large Language Models: A Survey

Reference 2

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:37.147325Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation aa8ebc81-fd49-49ea-9226-14df6f1f6bff · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 77c69aff-442b-4867-a40d-553ee2aa07bb · outbound

This paper cites Preventing the immense increase in the life-cycle energy and carbon foot- prints of llm-powered intelligent chatbots.Engineering, 40:202–210, 2024.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Preventing the immense increase in the life-cycle energy and carbon foot- prints of llm-powered intelligent chatbots.Engineering, 40:202–210, 2024

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation ef4da613-b1a6-4426-bac6-51c6ce4f67c2 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 5

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 9b699889-540b-4512-9c94-0bcd6d8e16b7 · outbound

This paper cites Are emergent abil- ities of large language models a mirage?Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 36:55565–55581, 2023.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Are emergent abil- ities of large language models a mirage?Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 36:55565–55581, 2023

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation c59b7c7d-49c2-4b3c-9db4-e2ede5525c5e · outbound

This paper cites Are emergent abilities in large language models just in-context learning? InProceedings of The 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2024), 2024.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Are emergent abilities in large language models just in-context learning? InProceedings of The 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2024), 2024

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation ae85eb76-f8ca-434a-ba0f-242b32c20c1d · outbound

This paper cites Numeracy from Literacy: Data Science as an Emergent Skill from Large Language Models.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Numeracy from Literacy: Data Science as an Emergent Skill from Large Language Models

Reference 8

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 17b9a781-6eb1-418b-b107-5fe93732a3ab · outbound

This paper cites Holyoak, and Hongjing Lu.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Holyoak, and Hongjing Lu

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation b1285db7-f4a5-4114-97a9-20b9fb9bc43c · outbound

This paper cites Nay, DavidKaramardian, Sarah B.Lawsky, WentingTao, Meghana Bhat, Raghav Jain, Aaron Travis Lee, Jonathan H.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Nay, DavidKaramardian, Sarah B.Lawsky, WentingTao, Meghana Bhat, Raghav Jain, Aaron Travis Lee, Jonathan H

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 132e4db4-7dab-4e33-b167-277ca3346c93 · outbound

This paper cites Emergent world representations: Explor- ing a sequence model trained on a synthetic task.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Emergent world representations: Explor- ing a sequence model trained on a synthetic task

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 3953c315-810a-41e5-803c-1b8f5ad5d048 · outbound

This paper cites Luccioni.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Luccioni

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 81e01ca6-db71-411d-90f8-eea88e42d2e2 · outbound

This paper cites Bedau and Paul Humphreys.Emergence: Contemporary Readings in Philosophy and Science.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Bedau and Paul Humphreys.Emergence: Contemporary Readings in Philosophy and Science

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 4be106ca-572b-4d66-88bd-010654108632 · outbound

This paper cites Hendry, and Tom Lancaster.The Routledge Hand- book of Emergence.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Hendry, and Tom Lancaster.The Routledge Hand- book of Emergence

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 0d014687-8257-447f-9a59-c8a9b7b21113 · outbound

This paper cites Chalmers.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Chalmers

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 58126939-1aa9-429a-b89c-b90636c242bd · outbound

This paper cites Flack, and Nihat Ay.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Flack, and Nihat Ay

Reference 16

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 0ee5911e-8e70-4e93-ad9d-862a37bd592a · outbound

This paper cites What Emergence Can Possibly Mean.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective What Emergence Can Possibly Mean

Reference 17

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation dabdf5d9-eb6d-4043-9a31-a6978b63cd7c · outbound

This paper cites Butterworth-Heinemann, 2015.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Butterworth-Heinemann, 2015

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 80f6db0e-52d5-4af7-b9cc-b5a07614cf8e · outbound

This paper cites Coarse-graining of cellular automata, emergence, and the predictability of complex systems.Physical Review E—Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, 73(2):026203, 2006.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Coarse-graining of cellular automata, emergence, and the predictability of complex systems.Physical Review E—Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, 73(2):026203, 2006

Reference 19

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 12e64add-af8f-46ad-a11f-4861142240f6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 344f9e2f-dee4-4f4b-bcbd-e04c95f05779 · outbound

This paper cites Salmon.Statistical Explanation and Statistical Relevance, vol- ume 69.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Salmon.Statistical Explanation and Statistical Relevance, vol- ume 69

Reference 21

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 44d33815-2ecb-463c-8180-dfee22301142 · outbound

This paper cites Krakauer.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Krakauer

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 5bb18c15-e9c2-4436-8f7d-ccd0a18b0f0c · outbound

This paper cites Krakauer.The Complex World.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Krakauer.The Complex World

Reference 23

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 9d3226ff-2f1b-4353-b792-f02793940fa9 · outbound

This paper cites Feynman, Robert B.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Feynman, Robert B

Reference 24

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 15b15e96-35a6-4399-bb84-507a8c92daad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 6ad71103-3aaf-422d-822c-bb8d4102bf18 · outbound

This paper cites Stigmergy as a universal coordination mechanism I: Definition and components.Cognitive Systems Research, 38:4–13, 2016.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Stigmergy as a universal coordination mechanism I: Definition and components.Cognitive Systems Research, 38:4–13, 2016

Reference 26

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 903726e5-676a-4276-ba93-8481a36b9576 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

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unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 9ced36e3-e10d-4859-bc99-19cd38a83853 · outbound

This paper cites Reynolds.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Reynolds

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 5ffe6e0b-95d8-4e7e-9af9-2024e995f722 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation ba7f0227-c6d9-4572-a3ce-c97f33a23da4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution
unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 1371d136-ef1e-44be-9927-fa4faebd84e8 · outbound

This paper cites Krakauer.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Krakauer

Reference 31

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 5f27b10e-ae23-48a7-9ab7-eec9da83b974 · outbound

This paper cites Solé.Phase Transitions.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Solé.Phase Transitions

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.707172Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 8136d078-140d-4c18-8e7e-38603fe3c891 · outbound

This paper cites Flack, Doug Erwin, Tanya Elliot, and David C.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Flack, Doug Erwin, Tanya Elliot, and David C

Reference 33

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation c76507d0-e4b3-4280-b6ed-adfc86a32c97 · outbound

This paper cites Schuster.Criticality in Neural Systems.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Schuster.Criticality in Neural Systems

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.682104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 4e793ff0-1b17-49e9-9b5e-3a69e166ec1c · outbound

This paper cites O’Dwyer, Steven W.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective O’Dwyer, Steven W

Reference 35

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.668396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.254764Z digest=sha256:2db5d10306263df41ab36ae5e0053802293d4c45f69c57484ffcd4bdd7b7894d

Observation 6e036c75-38ed-43fa-afdc-60ca09f1fac1 · outbound

This paper cites Brown and Geoffrey B.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Brown and Geoffrey B

Reference 36

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.656044Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.344662Z digest=sha256:47a965528638f6171654b3f44d9126195629d51b0b5c4ad74f1d90ac44d77e58

Observation 754bfb2c-6edc-452e-a8bf-40e78074f3c3 · outbound

This paper cites Oxford University Press, 2018.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Oxford University Press, 2018

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.643920Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.395953Z digest=sha256:df348c7ca4b2eb0692e828bc4e34be74d5778721f16c07da5705004cd5e20c1f

Observation db2fb2e5-9cf8-44a1-a084-730924bcb29b · outbound

This paper cites Kempes, M.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Kempes, M

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.631733Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.472450Z digest=sha256:260d54f2344e650c71e702be4600956d17ad587976a3704855d16f67dceb9e27

Observation 9eeb8eeb-73fa-4287-b93f-6e22478a3238 · outbound

This paper cites Deep double descent: Where bigger models and more data hurt.Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2021(12):124003, 2021.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Deep double descent: Where bigger models and more data hurt.Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2021(12):124003, 2021

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.618318Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.525064Z digest=sha256:383d0856e4c4abbf706fcdff79d52841f493de24d6b888bf3a360e6b0810fba1

Observation 97d647f0-e1d7-4438-9c9a-8429d63cba1f · outbound

This paper cites A u-turn on double descent: Rethinking parameter counting in statistical learning.Ad- vances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 36:55932–55962, 2023.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective A u-turn on double descent: Rethinking parameter counting in statistical learning.Ad- vances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 36:55932–55962, 2023

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.605078Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.589481Z digest=sha256:8d58d0d51c4e83ee41e6a8b50061dc767d3f69b0b73f8dea381e3055c305eb65

Observation 3262dbd5-e792-49f1-ae86-202ab574f0b0 · outbound

This paper cites Double Descent Demystified: Identifying, Interpreting & Ablating the Sources of a Deep Learning Puzzle.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Double Descent Demystified: Identifying, Interpreting & Ablating the Sources of a Deep Learning Puzzle

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:40.657662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.657662Z digest=sha256:b1ffb4e8fac3b48ad37180b1dabefa14d221dec2d9594ae04d1a099f85cdb552

Observation 0e3a62f6-a6ff-40c1-aca0-981d2ece9af7 · outbound

This paper cites Sudden Drops in the Loss: Syntax Acquisition, Phase Transitions, and Simplicity Bias in MLMs.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Sudden Drops in the Loss: Syntax Acquisition, Phase Transitions, and Simplicity Bias in MLMs

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:40.711465Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.711465Z digest=sha256:90d69d4d1f8058f98d2d022654463d7dd8c32a7e5fd021c17ecb70833e4c06f1

Observation afeb423e-bc3f-461c-b827-20163226c8a0 · outbound

This paper cites Phase transition in large language models and the criticality of natural languages.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Phase transition in large language models and the criticality of natural languages

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:40.789523Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.789523Z digest=sha256:f7a8d92a23be0fdf3d45efea2ca25d5a7e903e0759ca77bb9c85798d410f660b

Observation 0328f659-b2a5-41bf-b087-31b29ca24ddc · outbound

This paper cites Olshausen and David J.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Olshausen and David J

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.591868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.850584Z digest=sha256:ef91643fdc8e2f4e1777413ea8087485e4d76c3a57a6ac2ad815ba82db2d8bd4

Observation 75f8386f-856a-4cf5-9397-9bbab3f2f2e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.577438Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:40.943582Z digest=sha256:4af1c4ed8b093e2e484d889be80d57a71fc762bb7d82f33b5e10e649aae162d0

Observation 5c47d229-72dc-4e54-b230-71e1415343d1 · outbound

This paper cites Emergent Linear Representations in World Models of Self-Supervised Sequence Models.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Emergent Linear Representations in World Models of Self-Supervised Sequence Models

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:41.040058Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.040058Z digest=sha256:de1928eaddfe154276a62863900a08c5a2b11458571b01609521d833bafc54a6

Observation 834a5f25-44f4-4a3d-9972-5659b3e2dbb4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.562272Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.085275Z digest=sha256:c958acfd321568c186d211fa6af120cc7dc0cf93d9a4549dd5da16d80cd54a4d

Observation 4efae1e3-c62e-4113-bd34-e872232614b7 · outbound

This paper cites Self-organization and the selection of pinwheel density in visual cortical development.New Journal of Physics, 10(1):015009, 2008.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Self-organization and the selection of pinwheel density in visual cortical development.New Journal of Physics, 10(1):015009, 2008

Reference 48

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.548593Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.164362Z digest=sha256:d9176d8c895780731b308a6bdb27e3700d6c7278ca264b2fc5ece1a559b82eb5

Observation 3fe24847-e3b8-41b3-99ef-06a474f1f591 · outbound

This paper cites Foundations and formalizations of self-organization.Ad- vances in Applied Self-Organizing Systems, pages 19–37, 2008.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Foundations and formalizations of self-organization.Ad- vances in Applied Self-Organizing Systems, pages 19–37, 2008

Reference 49

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.535496Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.253377Z digest=sha256:f08212f5358d316e9a05db0a6bdda0a62ec2473d981b34d0f2107538e5ab23e7

Observation ef180159-5ac5-4721-85de-71c67c9f5fe3 · outbound

This paper cites Learning nonlinear principal manifolds by self-organising maps.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Learning nonlinear principal manifolds by self-organising maps

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.522487Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.315784Z digest=sha256:807a8956cd4d3f1ef278fe1b0f84eca31560a75b01e1e208fd5660b522b490a7

Observation 08a39a03-b599-4da4-b852-f1b837b399ca · outbound

This paper cites Crutchfield.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Crutchfield

Reference 51

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.509072Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.402412Z digest=sha256:689bdd5a6ca4206bf97464d19a565f3eb8d0e741ecd05d961b5a19359ae9f5c8

Observation 7fdf537a-890d-4647-a2db-1dfd4e890fb7 · outbound

This paper cites Emergence and Function of Abstract Representations in Self-Supervised Transformers.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Emergence and Function of Abstract Representations in Self-Supervised Transformers

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:41.454366Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.454366Z digest=sha256:4e762c8c38dca6f4a3f3943ae712fb9185074f31b9b612cf66e3e3184f946d4f

Observation 39297f49-c706-48ea-a451-c41a31c967ce · outbound

This paper cites A rainbow in deep network black boxes.Journal of Machine Learning Research, 25(350):1–59, 2024.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective A rainbow in deep network black boxes.Journal of Machine Learning Research, 25(350):1–59, 2024

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Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:41.502174Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.502174Z digest=sha256:bf568c1f37eeb0422de60b1aa95eb581c129db197a8764732061ac57c4fa01d5

Observation be75f7ac-e0b2-4167-a3b3-352cd7d786e0 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring the vc- dimension of a learning machine.Neural Computation, 6(5):851–876, 1994.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Measuring the vc- dimension of a learning machine.Neural Computation, 6(5):851–876, 1994

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.486512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.591763Z digest=sha256:b94affda506786b51b164d0ecd897cd79e422d10082f0f5c2e52685019d3b149

Observation 37c6341a-08f6-4a7a-b2eb-5c76d7b905d5 · outbound

This paper cites Basic Books, 2013.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Basic Books, 2013

Reference 55

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.473037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.685285Z digest=sha256:3c10f137925971308e3c0c79f9f9ef6f47c694fc0a1b225bb16dd1e478e5c28f

Observation 183015db-7cef-45a8-8a28-bb429528d29b · outbound

This paper cites How do we know how smart AI systems are?Science, 381(6654):eadj5957, 2023.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective How do we know how smart AI systems are?Science, 381(6654):eadj5957, 2023

Reference 56

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.458923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.745208Z digest=sha256:888ad176de19e6d0dee6223831a04b81769f29bf6d21e69ff533c379173e77b4

Observation 7805a6a4-77c0-4160-9525-7bc1621a4499 · outbound

This paper cites GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models

Reference 57

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:41.799856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.799856Z digest=sha256:07b77b117d6668ed6ebb46ee6d4acca36463d9e7462cefc3085ddb8fe2997ba6

Observation d17d3439-4a07-4f8c-bc3f-9fc8733da4fa · outbound

This paper cites Evaluatingtherobustnessofanalogical reasoning in GPT models.Transactions on Machine Learning Research, 2024.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Evaluatingtherobustnessofanalogical reasoning in GPT models.Transactions on Machine Learning Research, 2024

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.443974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.884822Z digest=sha256:506720cd0a41ee8347cd5b00274d5e093a35fcdb7bcea428ee0d87a4b0ba7e88

Observation dbc18ce7-6eab-44d1-8575-1b3dc37799d9 · outbound

This paper cites LLMs learn governing principles of dynamical systems, revealing an in-context neural scaling law.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective LLMs learn governing principles of dynamical systems, revealing an in-context neural scaling law

Reference 59

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:41.978539Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:41.978539Z digest=sha256:32721d0a740e0d93ca8ac4ad6bc7c88c48cb753bd7bd5795808d26fce127a08b

Observation 17bb7ef7-d10f-475f-96c2-4493a909fdc4 · outbound

This paper cites What is a macrostate? sub- jective observations and objective dynamics.Found.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective What is a macrostate? sub- jective observations and objective dynamics.Found

Reference 60

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.428820Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:42.044450Z digest=sha256:2fb284c21cf0bc59ef255cd6c4bad8bbe27a03891ec0c8612a8b3ceae8b62853

Observation bf5facd0-12d9-4037-b30e-da60dfd5cace · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating the world model implicit in a generative model.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Evaluating the world model implicit in a generative model

Reference 61

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.413686Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:42.111698Z digest=sha256:a41a83a2bff1eac89d36df6587406686a2875b9f48d18fa838800f2355a85073

Observation 21a8b09b-f099-4104-b0ed-375fea8f5c19 · outbound

This paper cites Will digital intelligence replace biological intelligence?,.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Will digital intelligence replace biological intelligence?,

Reference 62

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.400304Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:42.192918Z digest=sha256:7f2695332e374718df453ef9ee419fa94a0026e0fbca75b790edc2312e4a3d97

Observation 7bb62c7c-91ac-4728-9d76-6adb40640ff0 · outbound

This paper cites On the Measure of Intelligence.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective On the Measure of Intelligence

Reference 63

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:42.438057Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:42.438057Z digest=sha256:7cfc7259c0c75821c58a545cae836a6105eeb59450051ccb46c3c283444d9fe8

Observation 82789d5a-fc19-414f-b3a1-412022510b70 · outbound

This paper cites Princeton University Press, 2014.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Princeton University Press, 2014

Reference 64

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.374232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:42.611260Z digest=sha256:665c6c60234a404c456ef79dcf81bfacfdfded843c2845e34282791f6eb5beaf

Observation 6d42efe2-14e2-4cdb-b905-0d1f0d1a5222 · outbound

This paper cites Princeton University Press, 2025.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Princeton University Press, 2025

Reference 65

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.361454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:42.701461Z digest=sha256:937250a3a4427a542cb3d01a1756bc4fa377b6e440fa93ff3e5ee705b1f2cc03

Observation e8c79637-9b56-4596-aaa1-eb6cb8008010 · outbound

This paper cites Folk psychology as a theory, 2021.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Folk psychology as a theory, 2021

Reference 66

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.348140Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:42.798053Z digest=sha256:fa2e00943ff0309c6d7071a9c7dc0be55169dcd97e4e9fd30b9212db58d9361c

Observation 370e061d-6a40-48a3-8b44-2c11439b6e05 · outbound

This paper cites Abstract representations emerge in human hippocampal neurons during inference.Nature, 632(8026):841–849, 2024.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Abstract representations emerge in human hippocampal neurons during inference.Nature, 632(8026):841–849, 2024

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Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.333984Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:42.939689Z digest=sha256:4a3b6c34f51d3de36d4578eeb08265b7031e8ce8d347dfb5e922c1d81eb54f1f

Observation 99086d48-e13e-487f-9155-27675b944902 · outbound

This paper cites An implicit plan overrides an explicit strategy during visuomotor adaptation.Journal of neuroscience, 26(14):3642–3645, 2006.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective An implicit plan overrides an explicit strategy during visuomotor adaptation.Journal of neuroscience, 26(14):3642–3645, 2006

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Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.320211Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:43.071663Z digest=sha256:ff1d1e0b72917049618df7aa93e877d07236f59c4326315ce489878b021035c4

Observation 6f7ceaab-ad27-4a85-8895-3f953894f687 · outbound

This paper cites Learning of a sequential motor skill comprises explicit and implicit components that consolidate differently.Journal of neurophys- iology, 101(5):2218–2229, 2009.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Learning of a sequential motor skill comprises explicit and implicit components that consolidate differently.Journal of neurophys- iology, 101(5):2218–2229, 2009

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Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.306743Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T04:57:43.160162Z digest=sha256:0d2070da2eae3c035f93e133dc690d1c4d1634e565ed84df5433e2c8d336c42f

Observation ca14dc10-d1b7-4281-9442-d9eee92910ae · outbound

This paper cites When money is not enough: awareness, success, and variability in motor learning.PLoS One, 9(1):e86580, 2014.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective When money is not enough: awareness, success, and variability in motor learning.PLoS One, 9(1):e86580, 2014

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Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:57:44.291976Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 9bc3f5f3-bd7a-4571-95fb-d5a56946d3b5 · outbound

This paper cites Representationincognitivesciencebynicholasshea: but is it thinking? the philosophy of representation meets systems neuroscience, 2022.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Representationincognitivesciencebynicholasshea: but is it thinking? the philosophy of representation meets systems neuroscience, 2022

Reference 71

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation e72b251d-6270-4c4e-be0b-362df789a512 · outbound

This paper cites Intelligent data analysis of intelligent systems.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Intelligent data analysis of intelligent systems

Reference 72

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Observation 5d12e83f-004b-4cb3-ab9c-ecf69c5761a2 · outbound

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Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Einstein

Reference 73

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Observation 92c4954b-c6ad-41c7-8b9f-9de491520cdb · outbound

This paper cites The science of brute force.Com- munications of the ACM, 60(8):70–79, 2017.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective The science of brute force.Com- munications of the ACM, 60(8):70–79, 2017

Reference 74

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Observation af5afce0-b585-48b1-99f3-e3e4fa64e9b9 · outbound

This paper cites The MIT Press, 1996.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective The MIT Press, 1996

Reference 75

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Observation 0a16ac59-e888-4a2a-bacf-877da7b64904 · outbound

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Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 2024

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Observation 857944c5-9154-4279-8901-5f7bfa822ab1 · outbound

This paper cites pub/2025/attribution-graphs/biology.html.

Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective pub/2025/attribution-graphs/biology.html

Reference 2025

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Pith citing papers

Observation a08594ea-37f3-4709-8519-d39ad969d7ff · inbound

Implicature in Interaction: Understanding Implicature Improves Alignment in Human-LLM Interaction cites this paper.

Implicature in Interaction: Understanding Implicature Improves Alignment in Human-LLM Interaction Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective

Reference 18

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Observation 6515102b-b67d-4a67-b738-814af4e5edaf · inbound

The MMM Data Model -- A Normative Specification for Knowledge Interoperability in a Decentralisable Knowledge Commons cites this paper.

The MMM Data Model -- A Normative Specification for Knowledge Interoperability in a Decentralisable Knowledge Commons Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective

Reference 35

Resolution
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Observation 6a7f2ba3-ba16-4ab5-af71-c73cf762d4b2 · inbound

The MMM Data Model -- A Normative Specification for Knowledge Interoperability in a Decentralisable Knowledge Commons cites this paper.

The MMM Data Model -- A Normative Specification for Knowledge Interoperability in a Decentralisable Knowledge Commons Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective

Reference 35

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Observation f92efa52-4620-4bd4-ad41-69557301c2fe · inbound

Unsafe at any AUC: Unlearned Lessons from Sociotechnical Disasters for Responsible AI cites this paper.

Unsafe at any AUC: Unlearned Lessons from Sociotechnical Disasters for Responsible AI Large Language Models and Emergence: A Complex Systems Perspective

Reference 68

Resolution
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