Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 48 of 48 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.11604.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.11604 v2

Coverage vector

measured 48 of 48 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:32.798046Z

measured 48 of 48 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

48 of 48 outbound references displayed

verified exact3
verified fuzzy12
unresolved33
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d3c4cdb8-2074-46cb-9b23-72157f853c0d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.437566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 18648e62-42aa-40db-9e02-6fa54ea89e83 · outbound

This paper cites In: 2015 IEEE international conference on acoustics, speech and signal processing (ICASSP).

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge In: 2015 IEEE international conference on acoustics, speech and signal processing (ICASSP)

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.429877Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 14780576-3f68-400e-af83-90faaaded330 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.422071Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 06e3eb89-bf89-47cc-b678-bfc63a1c8353 · outbound

This paper cites Can We Trust AI Benchmarks? An Interdisciplinary Review of Current Issues in AI Evaluation.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Can We Trust AI Benchmarks? An Interdisciplinary Review of Current Issues in AI Evaluation

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:28.735359Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6d475fd4-ce31-4c7b-a708-89f9db097fac · outbound

This paper cites AI and the Everything in the Whole Wide World Benchmark.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge AI and the Everything in the Whole Wide World Benchmark

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:28.792265Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e5799f04-be36-443c-998c-a86909c44a55 · outbound

This paper cites AI Sandbagging: Language Models can Strategically Underperform on Evaluations.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge AI Sandbagging: Language Models can Strategically Underperform on Evaluations

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:28.874570Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e1bd3cef-43fa-4743-bbb7-e4f61f887112 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Health, Inference, and Learning.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge In: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Health, Inference, and Learning

Reference 7

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id_nonexistent, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.205896Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 0c314a30-c5e5-447a-ab89-49843e9caecd · outbound

This paper cites Utility is in the Eye of the User: A Critique of NLP Leaderboards.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Utility is in the Eye of the User: A Critique of NLP Leaderboards

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:29.022554Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 81c6f95a-389d-4fe1-9ae1-53ef20321272 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.414566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation fe241967-7fc8-43f0-a051-79b731ffc1eb · outbound

This paper cites The Benchmark Lottery.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge The Benchmark Lottery

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:29.173194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0159ba4c-51d2-4a03-9495-5dc0e4e4767f · outbound

This paper cites Big Data Soc.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Big Data Soc

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.406719Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 347be077-adc2-4550-a6f7-c77b38c5d1cc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.399266Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 180bb555-6878-43b5-9a9a-d04843ecbf49 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.391534Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 6baa97d4-977e-4378-97d4-4b77f355677e · outbound

This paper cites In: AAAI/ACM Conf.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge In: AAAI/ACM Conf

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.383990Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation d3396fd4-7a77-45b5-98c7-f4289682802a · outbound

This paper cites In: IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge In: IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.376477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 4f53250e-5a7c-4916-8e69-e522b71df768 · outbound

This paper cites In: 32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge In: 32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.368871Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f9d50c79-fe25-4ce4-9107-b04a7ccf3138 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.361348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 6022dd85-f20a-48a1-9ab1-b1ad706d9368 · outbound

This paper cites ArXiv Prepr.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge ArXiv Prepr

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.353983Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 2b935447-b1cb-4127-b0eb-afb3f25d84a1 · outbound

This paper cites Presented at the 21st Int.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Presented at the 21st Int

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.346143Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation df13e25f-1fd6-4a8e-a3e9-f4305e133772 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.338843Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 542b1372-37d3-4bb8-8552-9e295f097b1f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.331340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 2b9fc3a9-92c2-400b-bafd-125496391bda · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.323628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation d6e3185d-60b0-4a03-8eb3-09dc91b6cd7a · outbound

This paper cites MMMU-Pro: A More Robust Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding Benchmark.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge MMMU-Pro: A More Robust Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding Benchmark

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:30.248146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1c907bd1-82db-452c-966a-d5e647ab39f3 · outbound

This paper cites ChartQA: A Benchmark for Question Answering about Charts with Visual and Logical Reasoning.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge ChartQA: A Benchmark for Question Answering about Charts with Visual and Logical Reasoning

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:30.312396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c424bef7-c22b-4da2-a228-839c85d8e80c · outbound

This paper cites In: Leibe, B., Matas, J., Sebe, N., and Welling, M.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge In: Leibe, B., Matas, J., Sebe, N., and Welling, M

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.315956Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 0f1ce6ae-f436-43cc-a753-324c9ef49fca · outbound

This paper cites MM-Vet: Evaluating Large Multimodal Models for Integrated Capabilities.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge MM-Vet: Evaluating Large Multimodal Models for Integrated Capabilities

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:30.498722Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8646a494-1a49-43d7-b925-e08858e8977e · outbound

This paper cites SciVerse: Unveiling the Knowledge Comprehension and Visual Reasoning of LMMs on Multi-modal Scientific Problems.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge SciVerse: Unveiling the Knowledge Comprehension and Visual Reasoning of LMMs on Multi-modal Scientific Problems

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:30.601639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 67a5de50-d722-4aeb-a6a5-6710299767f5 · outbound

This paper cites In: IEEE/CVF Winter Conf.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge In: IEEE/CVF Winter Conf

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.307699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 28e35c5c-38e3-43cc-9e7d-719b05be591b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:30.864605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d57ef303-17ab-4ce4-b8eb-e7bdd9fb62af · outbound

This paper cites Can Large Vision Language Models Read Maps Like a Human?.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Can Large Vision Language Models Read Maps Like a Human?

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:31.009908Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bf581a98-ed0d-4202-bf3e-2705ebaa0521 · outbound

This paper cites EXAMS-V: A Multi-Discipline Multilingual Multimodal Exam Benchmark for Evaluating Vision Language Models.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge EXAMS-V: A Multi-Discipline Multilingual Multimodal Exam Benchmark for Evaluating Vision Language Models

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:31.123916Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8263259d-d1a7-475c-ae01-a6e2dd6a230a · outbound

This paper cites Parrot: Multilingual Visual Instruction Tuning.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Parrot: Multilingual Visual Instruction Tuning

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:31.271020Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 30eac84b-7ff4-466f-9360-7d7f3129376c · outbound

This paper cites ArXiv Prepr.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge ArXiv Prepr

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.299955Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 6ca0be29-a269-4043-8dc3-d7b936b24161 · outbound

This paper cites xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answering.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answering

Reference 34

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:32.936450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 9937822b-62c9-4b2d-b655-ad803bb4593e · outbound

This paper cites Translation Deserves Better: Analyzing Translation Artifacts in Cross-lingual Visual Question Answering.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Translation Deserves Better: Analyzing Translation Artifacts in Cross-lingual Visual Question Answering

Reference 35

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:32.924142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 6cb8b28e-9dc1-4967-aae5-774579b70d12 · outbound

This paper cites Don't Just Say "I don't know"! Self-aligning Large Language Models for Responding to Unknown Questions with Explanations.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Don't Just Say "I don't know"! Self-aligning Large Language Models for Responding to Unknown Questions with Explanations

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:31.660213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2646d413-7bd5-4c58-9518-67992d72e159 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.291864Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 2a7269a4-3c7a-47fa-aadd-9c599adba3be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.283927Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation a1a98e25-d0b7-4004-a335-81d16c29ab76 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.275927Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 4cd66c50-a94d-4375-8951-00e0b44c1527 · outbound

This paper cites In: 38 Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (2024).

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge In: 38 Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (2024)

Reference 40

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.267260Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 5b6f2ed3-3a98-425c-b5a5-500ad32fe246 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.258647Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 338cffb2-af94-4e6e-9237-ea82b87c11ee · outbound

This paper cites An Empirical Study of LLM-as-a-Judge for LLM Evaluation: Fine-tuned Judge Model is not a General Substitute for GPT-4.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge An Empirical Study of LLM-as-a-Judge for LLM Evaluation: Fine-tuned Judge Model is not a General Substitute for GPT-4

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:32.364901Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3295f43e-915c-4bd4-a5ce-e488784c78e3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.250524Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 88a7a7d3-3f10-47ac-988b-72ca184d4e56 · outbound

This paper cites Replacing Judges with Juries: Evaluating LLM Generations with a Panel of Diverse Models.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Replacing Judges with Juries: Evaluating LLM Generations with a Panel of Diverse Models

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:32.598833Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ff850603-7c25-436c-bfc5-4613fa4360cb · outbound

This paper cites ArXiv Prepr.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge ArXiv Prepr

Reference 45

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.241991Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 32a1977f-04aa-43ac-b792-0835137aa467 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:33.233699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 900a6588-2b6e-48ba-b73e-9cb0bf361d1a · outbound

This paper cites LLaVA-CoT: Let Vision Language Models Reason Step-by-Step.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge LLaVA-CoT: Let Vision Language Models Reason Step-by-Step

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:32.795047Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8eb980f4-37e1-46a5-9d4a-e6968ef67424 · outbound

This paper cites Kimi-VL Technical Report.

VLM@school -- Evaluation of AI image understanding on German middle school knowledge Kimi-VL Technical Report

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:06:32.798046Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.