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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 127 outbound references and 6 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2507.07024.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2507.07024 v4

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 127 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.282903Z

measured 106 of 106 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 6 of 6 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:20.620762Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-04T07:09:37.876775Z

Reference resolution

100 of 127 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact3
  • verified fuzzy11
  • unresolved86
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation c86a462e-1373-4868-acc1-952b09463893 · outbound

This paper cites TOFU: A task of fictitious unlearning for LLMs.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use TOFU: A task of fictitious unlearning for LLMs

Reference 1

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.808933Z digest=sha256:33f933c626d582ed693c4e6399f168f6912945a4ec9da935272341f4937532c1

Observation 2cd7d9ee-e5a3-4973-b8a2-4d72d9ec25b7 · outbound

This paper cites MUSE: Machine Unlearning Six-Way Evaluation for Language Models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use MUSE: Machine Unlearning Six-Way Evaluation for Language Models

Reference 2

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.814983Z digest=sha256:2e5438ad101cbe3f6e60ce22afa054bd83ab0b62e92f14b30fa95af53c64f624

Observation af53f8da-baea-4728-8911-c5a62174abaa · outbound

This paper cites Machine unlearning doesn’t do what you think: Lessons for generative ai policy, research, and practice.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Machine unlearning doesn’t do what you think: Lessons for generative ai policy, research, and practice

Reference 3

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.819963Z digest=sha256:32ccd4c135544a2e53a6767ac557cc15376538112a0fecc3b9d39d6d262c5cff

Observation 3df381ad-4df5-48a4-9a13-bb8b75bd7923 · outbound

This paper cites Federated learning: Strategies for improving communication efficiency.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Federated learning: Strategies for improving communication efficiency

Reference 4

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.824763Z digest=sha256:7f6a86850b0c87c35e6baac4445b333376b980b7b167695073c14f09499fe432

Observation a9e380b4-2c9b-44d4-8912-5be40daf6ec5 · outbound

This paper cites Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data

Reference 5

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.829402Z digest=sha256:41aae4d638bb61aa1d8ee1f7eab13ba3a2708541c6d0510942d876c2081452eb

Observation 45615158-fa07-407d-9f01-fe4c1e1a2964 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.833880Z digest=sha256:6a7fd030af06320e870894b5338639ec0bfdc806a542c1ba48a11c884930898a

Observation 54735525-1e3a-4acb-ad99-36caff9e20d7 · outbound

This paper cites Trading off privacy, utility, and efficiency in federated learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Trading off privacy, utility, and efficiency in federated learning

Reference 7

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.839260Z digest=sha256:ccffb128bd61a29b20919f8748a414148f64a8c206770d5a08d193f67f90ea9d

Observation c8ba7b45-edf8-444f-988c-076cbb322624 · outbound

This paper cites Outrageously Large Neural Networks: The Sparsely-Gated Mixture-of-Experts Layer.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Outrageously Large Neural Networks: The Sparsely-Gated Mixture-of-Experts Layer

Reference 8

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.843953Z digest=sha256:d60d7ed0115a1f6bff9666005704355e391be6c177559054ba08972e5e3e5ce6

Observation 68724a0b-646c-4cc4-a3cc-258b38db13a0 · outbound

This paper cites OLMoE: Open Mixture-of-Experts Language Models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use OLMoE: Open Mixture-of-Experts Language Models

Reference 9

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Observation b8df8886-9c53-4e3a-b1d4-e25b759741a0 · outbound

This paper cites A survey on model moerging: Recycling and routing among specialized experts for collaborative learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use A survey on model moerging: Recycling and routing among specialized experts for collaborative learning

Reference 10

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.853657Z digest=sha256:48adb7bc84ded340e4de7acaab2df18eb9aac75f1c939f5c9b766173b6bf6b75

Observation 4cc8ba64-0900-41e3-b8a6-e96785120c9c · outbound

This paper cites Smith, and Luke Zettlemoyer.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Smith, and Luke Zettlemoyer

Reference 11

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Observation 39b48e82-707c-4113-9994-ec16dd9ddd69 · outbound

This paper cites Model soups: averaging weights of multiple fine-tuned models improves accuracy without increasing inference time.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Model soups: averaging weights of multiple fine-tuned models improves accuracy without increasing inference time

Reference 12

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.862358Z digest=sha256:31b1f1068ddf0ec1dc341a8897d4e755a4ed2face658c4813ffb43eb3016f17a

Observation e9f8e98f-97a9-425d-8982-eb2ecf999108 · outbound

This paper cites Generative representational instruction tuning, 2024.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Generative representational instruction tuning, 2024

Reference 13

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Observation c6f7417d-4347-47ac-8395-ccaa5045ec61 · outbound

This paper cites Project aurora: the power of data, technology and collaboration to combat money laundering across institutions and borders.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Project aurora: the power of data, technology and collaboration to combat money laundering across institutions and borders

Reference 14

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Observation ab75434f-7890-4757-ad76-4cfce3703c1d · outbound

This paper cites A survey on federated learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use A survey on federated learning

Reference 15

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.875546Z digest=sha256:fa4c42f78a5a8b8e3320de5fd758d3b1118e840bffe52e7c2223df5f1c248b58

Observation f38b8335-4992-47a7-b7a2-f92600279eef · outbound

This paper cites Data sovereignty: A review.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Data sovereignty: A review

Reference 16

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.880323Z digest=sha256:8f2ce58148ec16a2e5d5794b90172f7a4b5622f56ec93f1a85b095bc915808e4

Observation b74c13cd-f8e7-4941-aa45-26b919e7217e · outbound

This paper cites Databricks lakeguard: Supporting fine-grained access control and multi-user capabilities for apache spark workloads.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Databricks lakeguard: Supporting fine-grained access control and multi-user capabilities for apache spark workloads

Reference 17

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.885422Z digest=sha256:ed693ffd9a352f49d08e3fad7ea502518968739545fee66a38e5e49437179bca

Observation f9183697-613d-46d7-8e8b-3cdee4fa806d · outbound

This paper cites Productivity assessment of neural code completion.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Productivity assessment of neural code completion

Reference 18

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Observation 46559fda-6039-46ac-aa0d-5dac71d5a0e8 · outbound

This paper cites Foundation models and fair use.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Foundation models and fair use

Reference 19

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Observation fe44346f-bd9f-4934-b6f2-78f9fab5360c · outbound

This paper cites Consent in crisis: The rapid decline of the ai data commons.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Consent in crisis: The rapid decline of the ai data commons

Reference 20

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Observation ec1b4c4d-0a60-4992-84da-59841abfbc43 · outbound

This paper cites Art and the science of generative ai.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Art and the science of generative ai

Reference 21

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Observation 9c3e483c-8d41-4cfe-9a8c-2f7eed543c48 · outbound

This paper cites The Foundation Model Transparency Index.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use The Foundation Model Transparency Index

Reference 22

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Observation 68987597-79f1-4f7a-9522-8dc627eb6de0 · outbound

This paper cites Foundation models and copyright questions, 2023.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Foundation models and copyright questions, 2023

Reference 23

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Observation b693ae60-5a76-42db-b593-b98f71e9999e · outbound

This paper cites Bollacker, Tongshuang Wu, Luis Villa, Sandy Pentland, and Sara Hooker.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Bollacker, Tongshuang Wu, Luis Villa, Sandy Pentland, and Sara Hooker

Reference 24

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Observation c2236e59-18b8-4e45-bb00-9c781e78991c · outbound

This paper cites On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models

Reference 25

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Observation 3784dd4a-7149-464b-b05b-c27380ae4555 · outbound

This paper cites The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI

Reference 26

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Observation ca6d4a25-f4a5-4460-bc39-68961a683b8c · outbound

This paper cites Into the laion’s den: Investigating hate in multimodal datasets.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Into the laion’s den: Investigating hate in multimodal datasets

Reference 27

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.933502Z digest=sha256:f1ec3b32c1bc6df360f6abf267076da48e7bfe4eddc6f0b2112c977c39bfafb9

Observation 710423fa-84bb-4f32-9117-c6fedb0a018c · outbound

This paper cites Documenting large webtext corpora: A case study on the colossal clean crawled corpus.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Documenting large webtext corpora: A case study on the colossal clean crawled corpus

Reference 28

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Observation 3d1a70f1-756a-4855-bec0-47eaf0b907ff · outbound

This paper cites Detecting pretraining data from large language models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Detecting pretraining data from large language models

Reference 29

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.943049Z digest=sha256:f0e0783eab5610f71fea7802b60a7ee242fc6b383e563b54e75f2818c190bc23

Observation 27119090-553e-4f85-86bd-8d358a1721fa · outbound

This paper cites Advances and open problems in federated learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Advances and open problems in federated learning

Reference 30

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.947561Z digest=sha256:e768b6b2082be50b3317a3bb480d1270bce9eabcc2d761e7ca2c49270aedc902

Observation 75cee398-dda2-4ad8-b734-50a4b12da0e4 · outbound

This paper cites Federated optimization in heterogeneous networks.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Federated optimization in heterogeneous networks

Reference 31

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.952496Z digest=sha256:d3f6f0689901f32ccbd2d6cb1e032ed59c8726a6a2c11277a3aeac4b7be5c0cc

Observation 8e041c9d-a8c5-4ea5-b4b9-1bad507dc947 · outbound

This paper cites Fedlora: When personalized federated learning meets low-rank adaptation.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Fedlora: When personalized federated learning meets low-rank adaptation

Reference 32

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.956850Z digest=sha256:da276e9bf0b4dc1a5bd1f7696270401211d8f5f971f707eb0173b610e1c87087

Observation 60bcd6bf-4ce2-4a82-984f-42304fd6a0ea · outbound

This paper cites Fedprompt: Communication-efficient and privacy-preserving prompt tuning in federated learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Fedprompt: Communication-efficient and privacy-preserving prompt tuning in federated learning

Reference 33

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.962094Z digest=sha256:4950d55bf44a20019b61bbc6f749c4bdb4973cb4af4422c5b70a194b0a6c054f

Observation 06c2223c-c500-4a90-97b3-d6caf9d3a629 · outbound

This paper cites Federated LoRA with Sparse Communication.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Federated LoRA with Sparse Communication

Reference 34

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.966975Z digest=sha256:37f08b925b331f8e9d21e45b635a66054a5bd48a520d32cf254680916a595474

Observation 9ed0f6ec-2c48-40fd-85f3-f25b48db3183 · outbound

This paper cites Public-key cryptosystems based on composite degree residuosity classes.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Public-key cryptosystems based on composite degree residuosity classes

Reference 35

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.971856Z digest=sha256:9d9b17da6ab156036da949a808c0b565869792a590b010660312f9bbad8f8af2

Observation 0fbc3551-f31e-4c61-a730-f3d0a2bec8e5 · outbound

This paper cites The algorithmic foundations of differential privacy.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use The algorithmic foundations of differential privacy

Reference 36

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.976541Z digest=sha256:5f5c6d522cface52320f5349e68c3bb1178f181e5a04e19c8b22c10be62c858a

Observation 734e21f2-5f07-4256-8e66-65b3bf9ccb2b · outbound

This paper cites Attack of the tails: Yes, you really can backdoor federated learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Attack of the tails: Yes, you really can backdoor federated learning

Reference 37

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.981294Z digest=sha256:3e3adcae7f7c8c50bd9ae8f0e4597728d773adb84ccb669316c722339f7dbce3

Observation 8b5e43f1-9dd6-425d-8be4-37e57aaade74 · outbound

This paper cites Exploring adversarial attacks in federated learning for medical imaging.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Exploring adversarial attacks in federated learning for medical imaging

Reference 38

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.985714Z digest=sha256:b8747b6ef75bca32d4f22eeba9a6b6e532ba006dccb59ef43d49aee5babb5ba1

Observation 2ae5cae0-fa08-43ce-95ef-32640f3f8917 · outbound

This paper cites Federated learning with buffered asynchronous aggregation.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Federated learning with buffered asynchronous aggregation

Reference 39

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Observation 1bd94728-e085-4105-a8ab-32d06ec9a516 · outbound

This paper cites Building machine learning models like open source software.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Building machine learning models like open source software

Reference 40

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:15.995248Z digest=sha256:b988121f384182e5c3d98f43efc32c32c93851e17ab2a7354dd05821ece89e8d

Observation ed67f2d3-8b7d-432d-a889-b4c6927a2669 · outbound

This paper cites Heterogeneous swarms: Jointly optimizing model roles and weights for multi-llm systems, 2025.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Heterogeneous swarms: Jointly optimizing model roles and weights for multi-llm systems, 2025

Reference 41

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.000509Z digest=sha256:d30efa2146d78c0f43d16eb43841d785ff82eb5e6720b828fee52c8105df6452

Observation c6f511af-e303-474e-abc6-8ae8dbe74248 · outbound

This paper cites AdapterSoup: Weight Averaging to Improve Generalization of Pretrained Language Models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use AdapterSoup: Weight Averaging to Improve Generalization of Pretrained Language Models

Reference 42

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.005446Z digest=sha256:28c1a54540b88736f95a85af3ab9480854d6462033f83c50bcebaeccc0dfa8bc

Observation dd715069-4a87-48d2-bcbe-bc21db614e23 · outbound

This paper cites Collective Model Intelligence Requires Compatible Specialization.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Collective Model Intelligence Requires Compatible Specialization

Reference 43

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local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.763569Z

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.010441Z digest=sha256:5a841875efdf37ff3601ef20d14671432ab2c197fc8b717b0ece1399098b3a58

Observation a41a6eac-3be4-47bb-91cd-6021097ad929 · outbound

This paper cites Model swarms: Collaborative search to adapt llm experts via swarm intelligence.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Model swarms: Collaborative search to adapt llm experts via swarm intelligence

Reference 44

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.015342Z digest=sha256:26f3975973b07d020e172e0e891cf50fb3b097a936f26cbc1c3917b19de62b04

Observation cfd0656a-9c1c-41a6-bc22-677ad3d2079d · outbound

This paper cites Ties- merging: Resolving interference when merging models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Ties- merging: Resolving interference when merging models

Reference 45

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.019611Z digest=sha256:b5ff056a51376eb16a52987eddcec1287fa137104543b795e3592053ef231b5f

Observation a6432dfd-569b-4d2a-8596-79538f3846ff · outbound

This paper cites Merging models with fisher-weighted averaging.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Merging models with fisher-weighted averaging

Reference 46

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.023668Z digest=sha256:64b63588eb72a2170aa26c7074a9bed1a13811f7ea478644ea7533032a9c948a

Observation 5cc0ec0a-330c-42d0-89c9-80267c2bad14 · outbound

This paper cites Editing models with task arithmetic.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Editing models with task arithmetic

Reference 47

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.028101Z digest=sha256:354f93a9966b0eb6451df4346d3c42083438c852d0df0faf5707e3607e8ac831

Observation a990592b-822f-452a-a2ef-97ebe0364fc1 · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary Optimization of Model Merging Recipes.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Evolutionary Optimization of Model Merging Recipes

Reference 48

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.032761Z digest=sha256:01f06b7f084b8f78b9253029b28da7a00d4c1fea81dee4bd298858f25c22a5f7

Observation eb4f42b2-042d-4e04-8155-f04dca38e62d · outbound

This paper cites Adamerging: Adaptive model merging for multi-task learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Adamerging: Adaptive model merging for multi-task learning

Reference 49

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.037218Z digest=sha256:bab411f4c393a848657a4bcfaa3236f1a464a0845065154ff8dc0d5ef7ef06d6

Observation 855afa9b-2c1e-4acd-a09c-fec4e0f67188 · outbound

This paper cites Smith, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, Pang Wei Koh, Jesse Dodge, and Pradeep Dasigi.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Smith, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, Pang Wei Koh, Jesse Dodge, and Pradeep Dasigi

Reference 50

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.042218Z digest=sha256:2d3da80737e438d879d8864fa85b667f81d6976e0bf32a8dbdd8eb2589895202

Observation 6326add7-380b-4201-9f15-3fd0bd6036f7 · outbound

This paper cites When one llm drools, multi-llm collaboration rules, 2025.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use When one llm drools, multi-llm collaboration rules, 2025

Reference 51

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.046565Z digest=sha256:15cdbc75a9be3d7f824a17ea721076bdbb37fb7e878b1dfdedc184a148c71e53

Observation c829d2a0-d80c-476b-b417-ce674ea619e4 · outbound

This paper cites Branch-Train-Merge: Embarrassingly Parallel Training of Expert Language Models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Branch-Train-Merge: Embarrassingly Parallel Training of Expert Language Models

Reference 52

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.051548Z digest=sha256:3147b43e6577898868fed9d7d17b62d3d4bc4088630b52dd4ae0c6470f2e4bd3

Observation 4ae30110-bb3e-4e18-a4d6-5bbae9eb14ae · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Expert Language Models with Unsupervised Domain Discovery.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Scaling Expert Language Models with Unsupervised Domain Discovery

Reference 53

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.056141Z digest=sha256:13a42973f815f41944435f6faac7214d16d5f09adde98fe0c39459370fefca4c

Observation 325ccc11-d008-4652-99e6-d9b1800bcd8b · outbound

This paper cites Demix layers: Disentangling domains for modular language modeling.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Demix layers: Disentangling domains for modular language modeling

Reference 54

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.060808Z digest=sha256:fd3f8d1acb51b1c9c08ac32c9c7e74f2fd7e520e06ffbbbfd5d4aa4607a1d974

Observation 1f72bf8c-0502-4caa-8812-6b914dc793e9 · outbound

This paper cites Branch-Train-MiX: Mixing Expert LLMs into a Mixture-of-Experts LLM.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Branch-Train-MiX: Mixing Expert LLMs into a Mixture-of-Experts LLM

Reference 55

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.065386Z digest=sha256:29198264c7516e80dfcf315f2b9826f1d4622ddc7e0ae82c82fe003b6e35a6cb

Observation 934d928c-705e-4958-ace5-9dcb40230833 · outbound

This paper cites Scalable Multi-Domain Adaptation of Language Models using Modular Experts.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Scalable Multi-Domain Adaptation of Language Models using Modular Experts

Reference 56

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.070168Z digest=sha256:2d6f7d316373cb0f1d88a106163fc37d1d7abbe80e85b519ac49e390e849c193

Observation 5dab02fd-d9b4-4086-bc34-cd3ea123042b · outbound

This paper cites BTS: Harmonizing Specialized Experts into a Generalist LLM.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use BTS: Harmonizing Specialized Experts into a Generalist LLM

Reference 57

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local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.664191Z

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.074667Z digest=sha256:6117cf5356bf903ccf2efce4e4769f679a1c4f097e5883b0335da26264efbe4b

Observation 88b8dcd4-a095-4c14-b691-db7a1d140f49 · outbound

This paper cites BAM! Just Like That: Simple and Efficient Parameter Upcycling for Mixture of Experts.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use BAM! Just Like That: Simple and Efficient Parameter Upcycling for Mixture of Experts

Reference 58

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.080743Z digest=sha256:df0a01de129c6f93c1a06b6319d99ab39ce024808f733acdf21b83f8fee9e5b6

Observation ba79a9c0-a4f3-48f9-b810-b855d0c6da80 · outbound

This paper cites ModuleFormer: Modularity Emerges from Mixture-of-Experts.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use ModuleFormer: Modularity Emerges from Mixture-of-Experts

Reference 59

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.086356Z digest=sha256:af84db8b9a20c979e3d52defc2997b081a4637dc8746182f61bb97ebe81a066a

Observation 4b8a0bf2-5a07-4d1e-85ee-a0d3dafc1bd1 · outbound

This paper cites Pushing Mixture of Experts to the Limit: Extremely Parameter Efficient MoE for Instruction Tuning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Pushing Mixture of Experts to the Limit: Extremely Parameter Efficient MoE for Instruction Tuning

Reference 60

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.092024Z digest=sha256:b450bef2fa0f78a2604ae19459229ae938b0a315caf8e06e15a08aee321067b1

Observation 47a54a46-4fa1-4a6e-af03-1c0b7f20cdbe · outbound

This paper cites Sira: Sparse mixture of low rank adaptation, 2023.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Sira: Sparse mixture of low rank adaptation, 2023

Reference 61

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.096679Z digest=sha256:b35a559b991c8a804ddca87673586d7d4eef17bdf7575a9423a73f39d69b59e2

Observation fbc764ae-a28a-4834-a3dc-8d4da77998c3 · outbound

This paper cites LoRAMoE: Alleviating world knowledge forgetting in large language models via MoE-style plugin.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use LoRAMoE: Alleviating world knowledge forgetting in large language models via MoE-style plugin

Reference 62

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.101950Z digest=sha256:362d1d617cdb9ab642dbd31d60fc47f2ca8e3d50eca49a1efcbf7cf367b64e1a

Observation d7f80228-70e5-48c7-bdbc-682ccc256818 · outbound

This paper cites AdapterFusion: Non-Destructive Task Composition for Transfer Learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use AdapterFusion: Non-Destructive Task Composition for Transfer Learning

Reference 63

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.106369Z digest=sha256:03521dfe7a6a776a68286a07a622b319f0e4b9072e31de616cc4027b929d79dc

Observation c19ed60f-6a64-41f6-b776-9059814a93b3 · outbound

This paper cites Adapterswap: Continuous training of llms with data removal and access-control guarantees.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Adapterswap: Continuous training of llms with data removal and access-control guarantees

Reference 64

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.111207Z digest=sha256:77ed57d02a869915e07cd06f57e7bce7901197f3edf9ceea06443f323db46a04

Observation 2e176983-d68d-49af-9236-f19fa08698fe · outbound

This paper cites Exact Unlearning of Finetuning Data via Model Merging at Scale.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Exact Unlearning of Finetuning Data via Model Merging at Scale

Reference 65

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.116107Z digest=sha256:e63701a0eaeaa461f674423364ec98b4ab8b73a26e01b2f5bad6c5d6751e780e

Observation 82ab8a13-95b5-489c-b99e-d59cb3adf5bf · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeekMoE: Towards Ultimate Expert Specialization in Mixture-of-Experts Language Models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use DeepSeekMoE: Towards Ultimate Expert Specialization in Mixture-of-Experts Language Models

Reference 66

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.121537Z digest=sha256:fa64abffd67168ecb82811f89db52681d1a4906004d3a6fd51971647724afbf4

Observation 5863548e-a1f7-4c8f-a0aa-47c586ac4919 · outbound

This paper cites Generative representational instruction tuning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Generative representational instruction tuning

Reference 67

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.127092Z digest=sha256:a484107299abe960e64956cc7f69d6e7a4751eac3e2a3f6cd65cfbc386fd2a87

Observation 9e66209c-d765-416d-a835-2ff375dbfc7d · outbound

This paper cites Nexus: Specialization meets Adaptability for Efficiently Training Mixture of Experts.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Nexus: Specialization meets Adaptability for Efficiently Training Mixture of Experts

Reference 68

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local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.555692Z

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.131812Z digest=sha256:dacebb6f22aab8a4498f580e4298a77d5d57eb13bd52adea4c381436c842ceab

Observation 7845fb16-0f89-4506-9bd8-c91903fa7481 · outbound

This paper cites LoraRetriever: Input-Aware LoRA Retrieval and Composition for Mixed Tasks in the Wild.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use LoraRetriever: Input-Aware LoRA Retrieval and Composition for Mixed Tasks in the Wild

Reference 69

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.136724Z digest=sha256:920c028ba9751cff9060445c7f9361bac359976e1bc9238fff6c617d3b1cdb5d

Observation 8badbb95-6c66-4fdd-9237-02f60556346d · outbound

This paper cites Exploring the benefits of training expert language models over instruction tuning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Exploring the benefits of training expert language models over instruction tuning

Reference 70

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.141537Z digest=sha256:3cca757a1b8f13097ee660ec0698978582f1ab63cc1431558d13ac106b384ba0

Observation a539e8ff-e8a5-436f-9939-07d4befc2e52 · outbound

This paper cites Dam: Dynamic adapter merging for continual video qa learning.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Dam: Dynamic adapter merging for continual video qa learning

Reference 71

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.146824Z digest=sha256:f6aeaac0ea530a48d8ad3c00281b89f9299fe4da0804b303e55977d830eda9a2

Observation dbb4897e-9550-4b0e-a42c-bdb087fec11e · outbound

This paper cites RouterRetriever: Routing over a Mixture of Expert Embedding Models.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use RouterRetriever: Routing over a Mixture of Expert Embedding Models

Reference 72

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.151721Z digest=sha256:3a518eb949ce5219190c0e272c26ca65c7ce45e8a79f273eea491a8caf8bc74f

Observation 36dd8a40-9b87-4763-82bd-5bc7f38d7b90 · outbound

This paper cites Token-level adaptation of lora adapters for downstream task generalization.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Token-level adaptation of lora adapters for downstream task generalization

Reference 73

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.617582Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.156601Z digest=sha256:bcdcfbf8727c4d89ad6aad0aab5e06339dea690372d9f9a35453c6457885cc3c

Observation ecead613-571f-4c05-bd8b-9f505b81a8b2 · outbound

This paper cites Dimakis, Yair Carmon, Achal Dave, Ludwig Schmidt, and Vaishaal Shankar.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Dimakis, Yair Carmon, Achal Dave, Ludwig Schmidt, and Vaishaal Shankar

Reference 74

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.602284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.161428Z digest=sha256:380cef672fc5cf0943986b5799b215609bfd91782eb9a644a633ad9709004ab9

Observation f1ba7c65-b25f-4e46-aa32-72fcd7d405e3 · outbound

This paper cites Organize the web: Constructing domains enhances pre-training data curation, 2025.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Organize the web: Constructing domains enhances pre-training data curation, 2025

Reference 75

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.587782Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.166403Z digest=sha256:33f4cdf2f852309cc330c67a808b71c678f07f9656aee9dba4b9eda52b677e64

Observation b93b96d2-2c79-4cfd-9afa-0e8303e27559 · outbound

This paper cites Starcoder: may the source be with you!, 2023.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Starcoder: may the source be with you!, 2023

Reference 76

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.170963Z digest=sha256:f1bc6c0b82cf5eeb8f6dea2740b9c0337637f59944cdf3579314b05a68ea98b3

Observation 0ecf642d-7b6e-4635-ac9a-ff5d6fb13039 · outbound

This paper cites The stack: 3 tb of permissively licensed source code, 2022.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use The stack: 3 tb of permissively licensed source code, 2022

Reference 77

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.176462Z digest=sha256:3c83bf10c90dfc01bb4e514f8cddfdbf7a2a5240a63fa554d02744ee7019a2a9

Observation 6077f766-9dd3-474f-817b-8c66dbb842eb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 78

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.180955Z digest=sha256:aeeb474e690756e78e87e80e1bca0297b1d6566ba1c3eb7ab982099738df830c

Observation ed698fcd-84eb-43e6-85c7-c66dbb3c764d · outbound

This paper cites olmocr: Unlocking trillions of tokens in pdfs with vision language models, 2025.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use olmocr: Unlocking trillions of tokens in pdfs with vision language models, 2025

Reference 79

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.538832Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.186515Z digest=sha256:3bc32b2694d4adb6aa3c7da91c5d7466b99ec68cd26da2e056541b887d9c64a8

Observation d4cdada1-6fc4-4408-93d5-29308965f9a7 · outbound

This paper cites peS2o (Pretraining Efficiently on S2ORC) Dataset.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use peS2o (Pretraining Efficiently on S2ORC) Dataset

Reference 80

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.522321Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.190853Z digest=sha256:ad0956d0fd59daf50f993af5cb215510921aae2fee026c0242b69462cdb31071

Observation c27fe7f5-a26f-4d91-ae01-7487cc87cda8 · outbound

This paper cites S2ORC: The semantic scholar open research corpus.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use S2ORC: The semantic scholar open research corpus

Reference 81

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.505834Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.195649Z digest=sha256:2b75fed9274b7335cfd56589c9886db968780e717929b6b798141faa2e56a973

Observation f5d799e9-fda0-4af9-a49f-808cf11c6e2e · outbound

This paper cites Smollm2: When smol goes big – data-centric training of a small language model, 2025.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Smollm2: When smol goes big – data-centric training of a small language model, 2025

Reference 82

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.200172Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.200172Z digest=sha256:4ab8f65084bb3b0f10d04dcc89ab70d2219136febb0c26676749bedba23c1cc0

Observation 4aa6ef92-ebda-48f1-b4b3-63d55b534fdc · outbound

This paper cites Peters, Abhilasha Ravichander, Kyle Richardson, Zejiang Shen, Emma Strubell, Nishant Subramani, Oyvind Tafjord, Pete Walsh, Luke Zettlemoyer, Noah A.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Peters, Abhilasha Ravichander, Kyle Richardson, Zejiang Shen, Emma Strubell, Nishant Subramani, Oyvind Tafjord, Pete Walsh, Luke Zettlemoyer, Noah A

Reference 83

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.480718Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.204775Z digest=sha256:2955894c53c27f5e43cb98affd5e9bbcb48baa503bb121c26ba722302dfd04ef

Observation aef7fa59-bf9a-425f-bcc7-fa3fbd3a3d17 · outbound

This paper cites Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge

Reference 84

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.209524Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.209524Z digest=sha256:0816c95272e241eb5fd56e6a463f6d90f8df8296fed88a961e587e81ddb6f18c

Observation dd5cb444-ff6a-4519-aefc-a57fde76d56f · outbound

This paper cites Boolq: Exploring the surprising difficulty of natural yes/no questions, 2019.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Boolq: Exploring the surprising difficulty of natural yes/no questions, 2019

Reference 85

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.214931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.214931Z digest=sha256:9fcaa268d26ce14537c3ae368d445182c4dbc061d47cc0c7d77784393cb22997

Observation 0f9cd561-81c0-4f3a-bf1c-e48c2ec37eeb · outbound

This paper cites Khapra, Karthik Sankaranarayanan, and Sarath Chandar.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Khapra, Karthik Sankaranarayanan, and Sarath Chandar

Reference 86

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.454610Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.219694Z digest=sha256:d757657cc7fcc15d481c23ea245bd596b96dc8af2a9a3f3938ea7b036542cfb6

Observation 87a9ef40-9a70-470d-9c8b-4c379e3929c2 · outbound

This paper cites Hellaswag: Can a machine really finish your sentence?, 2019.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Hellaswag: Can a machine really finish your sentence?, 2019

Reference 87

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.223981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.223981Z digest=sha256:6b59aa00ad43801dda1b68a151516d8497021314a5a8a08de0cf51d1ebffe585

Observation f3c3b0ad-7751-441f-a8d8-0d4ed1fb0748 · outbound

This paper cites Can a suit of armor conduct electricity? a new dataset for open book question answering.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Can a suit of armor conduct electricity? a new dataset for open book question answering

Reference 88

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.228472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.228472Z digest=sha256:848f4e3ef73958808c52d87bc400ded91fc46c6f2053ee66a34c078f180c0b80

Observation 94901941-0dce-4b55-b6bf-118515cf153f · outbound

This paper cites Piqa: Reasoning about physical commonsense in natural language, 2019.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Piqa: Reasoning about physical commonsense in natural language, 2019

Reference 89

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.232642Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.232642Z digest=sha256:69a05dffca206d545cf8a4f079f3f59551fca6826ca29354c4525fffb5d8bdff

Observation 1b09d00a-73ec-4e23-8f8f-873682840f9a · outbound

This paper cites Socialiqa: Commonsense reasoning about social interactions, 2019.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Socialiqa: Commonsense reasoning about social interactions, 2019

Reference 90

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.411211Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.237696Z digest=sha256:4c133b417793b424ea82780f36a9ed75c79e4e5094bd1e0ebcf9ac6eaf78ec8c

Observation 6e9219c5-74ab-4dfa-893f-5943efbbe3d8 · outbound

This paper cites WinoGrande: An Adversarial Winograd Schema Challenge at Scale.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use WinoGrande: An Adversarial Winograd Schema Challenge at Scale

Reference 91

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.242265Z

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.242265Z digest=sha256:cae893b73f977aec36ca20b1c3390306137d72d80abd31668e1169804ba25813

Observation dc579018-bef2-4aec-b2f1-dd2e98f01e77 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 92

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.396318Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.246975Z digest=sha256:ce7f2f8ae04e6b8ace2d6b1e52f255677aea21e85001e72de387392e46f1a8b1

Observation 6cd4a841-807c-49fc-b491-a34ca289290d · outbound

This paper cites Squad: 100,000+ questions for machine comprehension of text, 2016.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Squad: 100,000+ questions for machine comprehension of text, 2016

Reference 93

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.251494Z digest=sha256:3af658765dcc5b1dfadec26d4a8c6a6ec57f2115e5fce91c758438da01c426e8

Observation dcb5b019-8582-46a0-bfec-5e6d6006c70b · outbound

This paper cites Dai, Jakob Uszkoreit, Quoc Le, and Slav Petrov.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Dai, Jakob Uszkoreit, Quoc Le, and Slav Petrov

Reference 94

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.255713Z digest=sha256:2bb1752aa0fddba9fca49dc78465ba50bd1437b364f70c6d2a5cfed68b29d2b6

Observation f44ec807-78ae-434c-8b19-f88beb269089 · outbound

This paper cites Weld, and Luke Zettlemoyer.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Weld, and Luke Zettlemoyer

Reference 95

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.260292Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.260292Z digest=sha256:b8eddd955a2a9d18bd8c6c34d644dd8492d2bac1a4724d13be51aa098af3e4cf

Observation 468c03c1-ddde-4900-8882-28a6834b2169 · outbound

This paper cites Drop: A reading comprehension benchmark requiring discrete reasoning over paragraphs, 2019.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Drop: A reading comprehension benchmark requiring discrete reasoning over paragraphs, 2019

Reference 96

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.351815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.265158Z digest=sha256:344d79d6ea7955781fb18658fe6e8938d8fba988396dc49a69510b45d5680214

Observation 8d7e3605-e288-45c4-98be-543edef79a67 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring massive multitask language understanding.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Measuring massive multitask language understanding

Reference 97

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.269319Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.269319Z digest=sha256:66e03bfc2597ad0e8526b07d3aeaa511d2f709376957903e522fd7e8b533fd5d

Observation 8242bd67-2f77-456a-85c5-030b8914547f · outbound

This paper cites Mmlu-pro: A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark, 2024.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Mmlu-pro: A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark, 2024

Reference 98

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.273808Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.273808Z digest=sha256:0e396ae807eb9b2cb2f2b9bccbf07795e79989ce4871ba5418070274d1d80ce6

Observation b21f03af-ee90-441d-83be-2ebe0fe67715 · outbound

This paper cites Agieval: A human-centric benchmark for evaluating foundation models, 2023.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Agieval: A human-centric benchmark for evaluating foundation models, 2023

Reference 99

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:17.316651Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.278441Z digest=sha256:d250a6dcdb8da75c63398aeec6648220e9c77d8f44542f5b4a823c74b2e27522

Observation 3e544def-4689-46f1-a673-2dffaec5e608 · outbound

This paper cites Le, Ed H.

FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use Le, Ed H

Reference 100

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:57:16.282903Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T18:57:16.282903Z digest=sha256:acc531e6629ac09562b80b5c609caa3cb8804d48c6428f69e138d729be8937a3

Pith citing papers

Observation 31f8367d-32b3-42ba-b7be-0cad5df8f07c · inbound

User Privacy and Large Language Models: An Analysis of Frontier Developers' Privacy Policies cites this paper.

User Privacy and Large Language Models: An Analysis of Frontier Developers' Privacy Policies FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use

Reference 77

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T06:00:20.620762Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-05T06:00:20.620762Z digest=sha256:08c764e7e807a06fb8213c8e6115908116ffd16233af8db99e69d4e07bcd3509

Observation 3c7cbced-c308-48a7-8334-080a1e4303f8 · inbound

A Human-Centric Framework for Data Attribution in Large Language Models cites this paper.

A Human-Centric Framework for Data Attribution in Large Language Models FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use

Reference 169

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-16T02:37:10.604433Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-16T02:33:56.023070Z digest=sha256:380c9de3b21aad0b4bf09eca60ccfb2358b5d7db8fa6221ddd4db4ef04d43bd4

Observation 3807499f-d513-405a-8343-7e6d560ad2df · inbound

PubSwap: Public-Data Off-Policy Coordination for Federated RLVR cites this paper.

PubSwap: Public-Data Off-Policy Coordination for Federated RLVR FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use

Reference 19

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metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T09:21:00.178520Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-10T16:05:27.319466Z digest=sha256:4057cb21cc015ff609e9fac12f872cd86759bd75c5e635d6802f8a942c574439

Observation de7ab114-5522-4b42-b5e6-eb2e45821c64 · inbound

Train Separately, Merge Together: Modular Post-Training with Mixture-of-Experts cites this paper.

Train Separately, Merge Together: Modular Post-Training with Mixture-of-Experts FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use

Reference 38

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arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T05:56:11.391939Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T05:52:28.822723Z digest=sha256:a4ab65b468973946a3c955b2790bba00ec5e6253ea5f0a9ffcaacea33ffd87fb

Observation 44cfb1d2-e0df-446b-a857-ac52f282c6b9 · inbound

Toward Open Weight Models Without Risks: Separating Public and Private Capabilities in LLMs cites this paper.

Toward Open Weight Models Without Risks: Separating Public and Private Capabilities in LLMs FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use

Reference 5

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arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T07:09:37.879100Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-06-26T13:45:37.011281Z digest=sha256:add3a1905d18d2e60b09f60d32dfe16c7ebbd7cfe88f87b28f04b50fc819dcce

Observation cf84c287-153b-416d-b7d7-968b12ed0f92 · inbound

Prototype Language Models cites this paper.

Prototype Language Models FlexOlmo: Open Language Models for Flexible Data Use

Reference 203

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T16:17:08.353685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-07-02T16:13:43.039645Z digest=sha256:d6c84862599e5aaaacd560ed29e2067efe79bb8f4c5fc757528c17cd45d1202e