Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases

As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 32 of 32 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2507.13035.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2507.13035 v1

Coverage vector

measured 32 of 32 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:43.797972Z

measured 32 of 32 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

32 of 32 outbound references displayed

verified exact4
verified fuzzy3
unresolved25
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation f53e1dca-4719-4482-815c-d4e77c5ffc9a · outbound

This paper cites Phi-4 Technical Report.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Phi-4 Technical Report

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:39.837641Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cda4c714-c1c2-4f75-8333-72698d90410e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:48.605474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 428e957b-1219-401e-8164-490b4ef331ea · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:48.185469Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation e6b8c197-a1b0-4f9a-85e7-760839aaf002 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:47.994092Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 88ebb920-8f55-4d7a-b29e-0175d1e39588 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:40.158081Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 818e7672-836a-42df-bd17-f2ce31fb7ac2 · outbound

This paper cites 2016.Reducing system testing effort by focusing on commonalities in test procedures.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases 2016.Reducing system testing effort by focusing on commonalities in test procedures

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:47.805141Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 65cff89e-b752-4349-91f2-5f365e4243dc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:47.551441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 1dccbf12-a56a-4964-b5a1-4961e836a980 · outbound

This paper cites MetaPrompting: Learning to Learn Better Prompts.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases MetaPrompting: Learning to Learn Better Prompts

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:40.387305Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2880e7df-70d5-4c29-8b03-0b7de174b51c · outbound

This paper cites 2025.Ollama: Run large language models locally.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases 2025.Ollama: Run large language models locally

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:47.330913Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 80900a8d-2ef7-457b-a6ea-d57e185bb42b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:47.048233Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 03724e1e-9bda-4876-88ee-9ec1fc524e64 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:46.859202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 314ad5e5-da96-4277-a7d5-8aa20e081185 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:46.669438Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 8f59d26f-55b5-4064-8e98-af32334ed7e2 · outbound

This paper cites Guiding Large Language Models via Directional Stimulus Prompting.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Guiding Large Language Models via Directional Stimulus Prompting

Reference 13

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:44.710065Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 6d109e09-81e8-4223-a3f5-998bde44b3e6 · outbound

This paper cites Small Language Models: Survey, Measurements, and Insights.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Small Language Models: Survey, Measurements, and Insights

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:41.109375Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4e69dd15-ece1-4252-a919-74f86f2f2a4b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:43.951699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation b93df172-7686-4fb9-9d7c-efd7a697e03f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:46.485046Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation ea19909e-6c36-43ff-987c-a2e40de36391 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:41.559241Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b6c80f46-896a-49c7-aff6-2b985c83a0b4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:46.264739Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 4f9d51f1-5da5-4a1a-81a2-504996e86510 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:46.123197Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 1dc712b2-7ca4-442b-9214-1949b3a90c0f · outbound

This paper cites Is Temperature the Creativity Parameter of Large Language Models?.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Is Temperature the Creativity Parameter of Large Language Models?

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:42.186029Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ed9cc589-bfcc-4dd2-bf42-96b95d9cbecf · outbound

This paper cites On the Effectiveness of LLMs for Manual Test Verifications.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases On the Effectiveness of LLMs for Manual Test Verifications

Reference 21

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:44.404666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation dc13b6c9-b1a3-4b68-b8db-b40986c9fff7 · outbound

This paper cites NALABS: Detecting Bad Smells in Natural Language Requirements and Test Specifications.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases NALABS: Detecting Bad Smells in Natural Language Requirements and Test Specifications

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:44.174102Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation c50fadf8-0060-4830-ab5d-ddca59734f8d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:45.788407Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f01ba160-9b70-4727-904e-06aa030fe89c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:45.616024Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation c6fd9816-935e-46ac-99d4-42172b896af3 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 3 Technical Report.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Gemma 3 Technical Report

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:43.048416Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9978c148-081c-4cb4-b923-15dd50e5bbf0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:45.387877Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 3c06c320-f698-4152-9c58-a9c8360f274d · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Small Language Models.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases A Survey of Small Language Models

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:43.350091Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 64266eb1-48e4-4daa-bee0-089e097d74f2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:45.230677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 64feb0b3-612e-403d-a3cb-7a377fd2c282 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:45.080836Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 152c8c4e-9699-4b79-bf2a-a01724ff2cdd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:44.854315Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation bf2dc8ce-a28e-4938-874f-1dbda9906ab4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases Unresolved cited work

Reference 1985

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:48.330904Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 7fc9ca2e-48b7-445d-9aa9-e39cf26b0285 · outbound

This paper cites ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology34, 2 (2025), 1–28.

Investigating the Performance of Small Language Models in Detecting Test Smells in Manual Test Cases ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology34, 2 (2025), 1–28

Reference 2025

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T16:37:45.981856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.