pith. machine review for the scientific record. sign in

arxiv: 2605.11851 · v1 · submitted 2026-05-12 · ❄️ cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Recognition: 2 theorem links

· Lean Theorem

Universality of magnetic susceptibility in the conical state of kagome ferromagnet Fe₃Sn₂

Lilian Prodan , Donald M. Evans , Lukas Puntigam , 1 Istv\'an K\'ezsm\'arki , Vladimir Tsurkan
Authors on Pith no claims yet

Pith reviewed 2026-05-13 05:29 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ❄️ cond-mat.mtrl-sci
keywords kagome ferromagnetFe3Sn2conical statedifferential magnetic susceptibilityisosbestic pointsspin reorientationmagnetic domainsbubble domains
0
0 comments X

The pith

Differential magnetic susceptibility isotherms in Fe3Sn2's conical state cross at isosbestic points and collapse to a temperature-independent curve.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper reports universal behavior of differential magnetic susceptibility in the conical phase mediating the spin-reorientation transition in the kagome ferromagnet Fe3Sn2. The DMS isotherms show extremely narrow crossing regions that form isosbestic points within the SR temperature range. An isosbestic-invariance analysis collapses these isotherms onto a single temperature-independent curve, which reveals quadratic-in-temperature corrections to the susceptibility. Field-dependent MFM measurements show spin textures evolving from stripe-like domains at low fields to isolated bubble-like domains near the isosbestic field of approximately 0.6 T. The findings suggest a universal mechanism for complex magnetic textures near isosbestic points arising from competition between magnetocrystalline anisotropy, dipolar interactions, and external field.

Core claim

Within the spin-reorientation temperature range, the differential magnetic susceptibility isotherms exhibit extremely narrow crossing regions forming isosbestic points. Using an isosbestic-invariance analysis, the isotherms collapse onto a single temperature-independent curve, revealing quadratic-in-temperature corrections to the susceptibility. Complementary field-dependent magnetic-force-microscopy measurements uncover evolution of spin textures from stripe-like domains at low fields to isolated bubble-like domains near the isosbestic field of about 0.6 T, a behavior not previously reported in bulk Fe3Sn2 within the conical state. These findings point to a universal mechanism for the émerg

What carries the argument

Isosbestic points in differential magnetic susceptibility isotherms and the isosbestic-invariance analysis that collapses them to a temperature-independent curve, along with the observed evolution of magnetic domain structures from stripes to bubbles.

If this is right

  • The susceptibility in the conical state has quadratic temperature corrections independent of the specific temperature within the SR range.
  • Spin textures in the conical state of bulk Fe3Sn2 include isolated bubble-like domains at fields around the isosbestic point of 0.6 T.
  • A universal mechanism governs the emergence of complex magnetic textures near isosbestic points through competition of anisotropy, dipolar interactions, and applied field.
  • The conical phase mediates the spin-reorientation transition with this characteristic susceptibility behavior.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Similar isosbestic behavior and domain evolution could be tested in other kagome ferromagnets or materials with spin-reorientation transitions to check for universality.
  • The isosbestic field might serve as a control parameter for stabilizing particular spin textures in potential applications.
  • Further bulk-sensitive measurements could distinguish surface effects in the MFM observations from the intrinsic conical state properties.

Load-bearing premise

The narrow crossing regions observed in the DMS isotherms are genuine isosbestic points reflecting a temperature-independent underlying response, rather than resulting from data selection, temperature calibration issues, or the chosen field range.

What would settle it

If additional experiments with improved temperature stability and broader field ranges show that the crossing regions broaden or their position shifts, or if bulk measurements fail to confirm the presence of bubble-like domains independent of surface contributions.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2605.11851 by 1 Istv\'an K\'ezsm\'arki, Donald M. Evans, Lilian Prodan, Lukas Puntigam, Vladimir Tsurkan.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: FIG. 1. Differential magnetic susceptibility [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p002_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2. Relation between the demagnetizing coefficient [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p003_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: FIG. 4. Temperature-driven evolution of the domain pat [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_4.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

We report universal behavior of the differential magnetic susceptibility (DMS) in the conical phase that mediates the spin-reorientation (SR) transition of the kagome ferromagnet Fe$_3$Sn$_2$. Within the SR temperature range, the DMS isotherms exhibit extremely narrow crossing regions, forming isosbestic points. Using an isosbestic-invariance analysis, we show that the isotherms collapse onto a single temperature-independent curve, revealing quadratic-in-temperature corrections to the susceptibility. Complementary field-dependent magnetic-force-microscopy measurements uncover evolution of spin textures from stripe-like domains at low fields to isolated bubble-like domains near the isosbestic field ($\sim 0.6$~T), a behavior not previously reported in bulk Fe$_3$Sn$_2$ within the conical state. These findings point to a universal mechanism for the emergence of complex magnetic textures near isosbestic points, driven by the competition between magnetocrystalline anisotropy, dipolar interactions, and external magnetic field.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

3 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript reports universal behavior of differential magnetic susceptibility (DMS) in the conical phase of kagome ferromagnet Fe₃Sn₂ mediating the spin-reorientation transition. Within the SR temperature range, DMS isotherms show narrow crossing regions interpreted as isosbestic points; an invariance analysis collapses them onto a single temperature-independent curve with quadratic-in-T corrections. Complementary field-dependent MFM imaging shows spin-texture evolution from stripe-like domains at low fields to isolated bubble-like domains near the isosbestic field (~0.6 T), pointing to a mechanism driven by competition among magnetocrystalline anisotropy, dipolar interactions, and external field.

Significance. If the isosbestic points and collapse are intrinsic rather than artifacts of sampling or calibration, and if the MFM textures reflect the bulk conical state, the work would establish a concrete experimental signature of universality in the conical phase of Fe₃Sn₂ and link it to texture formation near isosbestic points. The combination of susceptibility isotherms and direct imaging is a positive feature for studies of frustrated magnets.

major comments (3)
  1. [Abstract and DMS results] Abstract and DMS results section: the claim that isotherms 'exhibit extremely narrow crossing regions, forming isosbestic points' and collapse onto a temperature-independent curve is presented without quantitative details on temperature spacing, field resolution, error bars, temperature stability during measurements, or the precise criterion used to identify and select the isosbestic field (~0.6 T). This omission prevents assessment of whether the reported invariance is robust or sensitive to data selection and calibration offsets.
  2. [MFM measurements] MFM measurements section: the observation of isolated bubble-like domains near 0.6 T is presented as occurring within the conical state, yet the manuscript provides no analysis or discussion of possible surface effects, demagnetization fields, or surface anisotropy that could dominate MFM contrast and produce textures absent from the bulk interior. Bulk-sensitive confirmation or micromagnetic modeling is needed to support the claim that these textures are representative of the conical phase.
  3. [Invariance analysis] Invariance analysis paragraph: the quadratic-in-temperature corrections to susceptibility are inferred from the collapsed curve, but the manuscript does not specify the functional form of the scaling procedure, the range of fields over which the collapse is performed, or any statistical measure of the quality of the collapse (e.g., residual variance across temperatures). Without these, the claimed universality and the nature of the T² corrections cannot be evaluated quantitatively.
minor comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] The abstract states 'a behavior not previously reported in bulk Fe₃Sn₂'; adding one or two key references to prior magnetic studies of Fe₃Sn₂ would help readers place the novelty claim in context.
  2. [Figures] MFM figure captions should explicitly list the temperature, field values, and scale bars for each panel to allow direct comparison with the DMS data.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

3 responses · 1 unresolved

We thank the referee for the careful reading and constructive comments on our manuscript. We address each major point below and will revise the manuscript to incorporate additional details and clarifications where appropriate.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract and DMS results] Abstract and DMS results section: the claim that isotherms 'exhibit extremely narrow crossing regions, forming isosbestic points' and collapse onto a temperature-independent curve is presented without quantitative details on temperature spacing, field resolution, error bars, temperature stability during measurements, or the precise criterion used to identify and select the isosbestic field (~0.6 T). This omission prevents assessment of whether the reported invariance is robust or sensitive to data selection and calibration offsets.

    Authors: We agree that these experimental details are important for assessing robustness. In the revised manuscript, we will explicitly state the temperature spacing used, the field resolution of the measurements, representative error bars, temperature stability during data acquisition, and the precise criterion for selecting the isosbestic field (the field at which the variance of DMS values across temperatures is minimized). These additions will allow readers to evaluate the invariance more quantitatively. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [MFM measurements] MFM measurements section: the observation of isolated bubble-like domains near 0.6 T is presented as occurring within the conical state, yet the manuscript provides no analysis or discussion of possible surface effects, demagnetization fields, or surface anisotropy that could dominate MFM contrast and produce textures absent from the bulk interior. Bulk-sensitive confirmation or micromagnetic modeling is needed to support the claim that these textures are representative of the conical phase.

    Authors: We acknowledge that MFM is inherently surface-sensitive and that surface effects, demagnetization, or anisotropy could influence the observed domains. The revised manuscript will include an explicit discussion of these possible contributions and note the coincidence of the bubble-domain onset with the bulk isosbestic field from susceptibility. However, the current work does not contain micromagnetic simulations or additional bulk-sensitive probes; we will frame the MFM results as complementary to the bulk DMS data while highlighting the need for future bulk confirmation. revision: partial

  3. Referee: [Invariance analysis] Invariance analysis paragraph: the quadratic-in-temperature corrections to susceptibility are inferred from the collapsed curve, but the manuscript does not specify the functional form of the scaling procedure, the range of fields over which the collapse is performed, or any statistical measure of the quality of the collapse (e.g., residual variance across temperatures). Without these, the claimed universality and the nature of the T² corrections cannot be evaluated quantitatively.

    Authors: We will expand the invariance analysis section to specify the scaling procedure (normalization of each isotherm to the value at the isosbestic field, followed by a quadratic-in-T correction to achieve overlap), the field range over which the collapse is performed (the interval spanning the conical phase around the isosbestic point), and a quantitative measure of collapse quality such as the residual variance across temperatures. These details will be added to support the claimed universality and the form of the corrections. revision: yes

standing simulated objections not resolved
  • Bulk-sensitive confirmation or micromagnetic modeling to fully exclude surface contributions to the MFM textures.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity: experimental data collapse and imaging are direct measurements, not tautological fits

full rationale

The paper is purely experimental. It measures DMS isotherms, identifies narrow crossing regions as isosbestic points from the raw data, performs an invariance analysis to collapse the curves (revealing quadratic T corrections directly from the measured points), and images spin textures via MFM. No derivation chain exists that reduces a claimed prediction or universality result to a fitted parameter or self-citation by construction. The collapse is a post-processing observation of the input isotherms, not a redefinition or forced reproduction of them. Self-contained against external benchmarks (measured data and images).

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

The abstract provides no explicit free parameters, axioms, or invented entities; the isosbestic-invariance analysis is described only at the level of result, so any fitting constants or background assumptions remain unspecified.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5498 in / 1385 out tokens · 118591 ms · 2026-05-13T05:29:49.331600+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Lean theorems connected to this paper

Citations machine-checked in the Pith Canon. Every link opens the source theorem in the public Lean library.

What do these tags mean?
matches
The paper's claim is directly supported by a theorem in the formal canon.
supports
The theorem supports part of the paper's argument, but the paper may add assumptions or extra steps.
extends
The paper goes beyond the formal theorem; the theorem is a base layer rather than the whole result.
uses
The paper appears to rely on the theorem as machinery.
contradicts
The paper's claim conflicts with a theorem or certificate in the canon.
unclear
Pith found a possible connection, but the passage is too broad, indirect, or ambiguous to say the theorem truly supports the claim.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

44 extracted references · 44 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    Characteristic crossing points in specific heat curves of correlated systems,

    D. Vollhardt, “Characteristic crossing points in specific heat curves of correlated systems,” Physical Review Let- ters78, 1307–1310 (1997)

    work page 1997

  2. [2]

    Isosbestic points: How a narrow crossing region of curves deter- mines their leading parameter dependence,

    M. Greger, M. Kollar, and D. Vollhardt, “Isosbestic points: How a narrow crossing region of curves deter- mines their leading parameter dependence,” Physical Re- view B87, 195140 (2013)

    work page 2013

  3. [3]

    Spin-reorientation-induced band gap in Fe3Sn2: Optical signatures of weyl nodes,

    A. Biswas, O. Iakutkina, Q. Wang, H. C. Lei, M. Dressel, and E. Uykur, “Spin-reorientation-induced band gap in Fe3Sn2: Optical signatures of weyl nodes,” Physical Re- 6 view Letters125, 076403 (2020)

    work page 2020

  4. [4]

    Electromagnetic- radiation absorption by water,

    P. Lunkenheimer, S. Emmert, R. Gulich, M. K¨ ohler, M. Wolf, M. Schwab, and A. Loidl, “Electromagnetic- radiation absorption by water,” Physical Review E96, 062607 (2017)

    work page 2017

  5. [5]

    Universal thermo- dynamics of an SU(N) fermi-hubbard model,

    Eduardo Ibarra-Garc´ ıa-Padilla, Sohail Dasgupta, Hao- Tian Wei, Shintaro Taie, Yoshiro Takahashi, Richard T. Scalettar, and Kaden R. A. Hazzard, “Universal thermo- dynamics of an SU(N) fermi-hubbard model,” Physical Review A104, 043316 (2021)

    work page 2021

  6. [6]

    Critical charge fluctuations and emer- gent coherence in a strongly correlated excitonic insula- tor,

    P. A. Volkov, Mai Ye, H. Lohani, I. Feldman, A. Kanigel, and G. Blumberg, “Critical charge fluctuations and emer- gent coherence in a strongly correlated excitonic insula- tor,” npj Quantum Materials6(2021), 10.1038/s41535- 021-00351-4

    work page doi:10.1038/s41535- 2021

  7. [7]

    Isosbestic points in doped SmB 6 as fea- tures of universality and property tuning,

    Mat. Orend´ aˇ c, S. Gab´ ani, G. Prist´ aˇ s, E. Gaˇ zo, P. Diko, P. Farkaˇ sovsk´ y, A. Levchenko, N. Shitsevalova, and K. Flachbart, “Isosbestic points in doped SmB 6 as fea- tures of universality and property tuning,” Physical Re- view B96, 115101 (2017)

    work page 2017

  8. [8]

    A novel single-crystal & single-pass source for polarisation- and colour-entangled photon pairs,

    H.-J. Grafe, S. Nishimoto, M. Iakovleva, E. Vavilova, L. Spillecke, A. Alfonsov, M.-I. Sturza, S. Wurmehl, H. Nojiri, H. Rosner, J. Richter, U. K. R¨ oßler, S.-L. Drechsler, V. Kataev, and B. B¨ uchner, “Signatures of a magnetic field-induced unconventional nematic liq- uid in the frustrated and anisotropic spin-chain cuprate LiCuSbO4,” Scientific Reports...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41598- 2017

  9. [9]

    Inverse isosbestic point in transverse magnetoresistance of Ce 3Pd20Si6 heavy fermion system,

    M. A. Anisimov, A. V. Bogach, S. V. Demishev, A. N. Samarin, A. V. Semeno, S. V. Gribanova, S. F. Dunaev, and A. V. Gribanov, “Inverse isosbestic point in transverse magnetoresistance of Ce 3Pd20Si6 heavy fermion system,” Solid State Communications404, 116075 (2025)

    work page 2025

  10. [10]

    Orbital-selective metal–insulator transition and gap for- mation aboveT C in superconducting Rb 1−xFe2−ySe2,

    Zhe Wang, M. Schmidt, J. Fischer, V. Tsurkan, M. Greger, D. Vollhardt, A. Loidl, and J. Deisenhofer, “Orbital-selective metal–insulator transition and gap for- mation aboveT C in superconducting Rb 1−xFe2−ySe2,” Nature Communications5(2014), 10.1038/ncomms4202

    work page doi:10.1038/ncomms4202 2014

  11. [11]

    Optical conductivity in mul- tiferroic GaV 4S8 and GeV 4S8: Phonons and electronic transitions,

    S. Reschke, F. Mayr, Zhe Wang, P. Lunkenheimer, Weiwu Li, D. Szaller, S. Bord´ acs, I. K´ ezsm´ arki, V. Tsurkan, and A. Loidl, “Optical conductivity in mul- tiferroic GaV 4S8 and GeV 4S8: Phonons and electronic transitions,” Physical Review B96, 144302 (2017)

    work page 2017

  12. [12]

    Non- collinearity and spin frustration in the itinerant kagome ferromagnet Fe 3Sn2,

    L. A. Fenner, A. A. Dee, and A. S. Wills, “Non- collinearity and spin frustration in the itinerant kagome ferromagnet Fe 3Sn2,” Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter21, 452202 (2009)

    work page 2009

  13. [13]

    Giant and anisotropic many-body spin–orbit tunability in a strongly correlated kagome magnet,

    Jia-Xin Yin, Songtian S. Zhang, Hang Li, Kun Jiang, Guoqing Chang, Bingjing Zhang, Biao Lian, Cheng Xi- ang, Ilya Belopolski, Hao Zheng, Tyler A. Cochran, Su- Yang Xu, Guang Bian, Kai Liu, Tay-Rong Chang, Hsin Lin, Zhong-Yi Lu, Ziqiang Wang, Shuang Jia, Wenhong Wang, and M. Zahid Hasan, “Giant and anisotropic many-body spin–orbit tunability in a strongly ...

    work page 2018

  14. [14]

    de haas–van alphen effect of correlated dirac states in kagome metal Fe 3Sn2,

    Linda Ye, Mun K. Chan, Ross D. McDonald, David Graf, Mingu Kang, Junwei Liu, Takehito Suzuki, Ric- cardo Comin, Liang Fu, and Joseph G. Checkelsky, “de haas–van alphen effect of correlated dirac states in kagome metal Fe 3Sn2,” Nature Communications10 (2019), 10.1038/s41467-019-12822-1

    work page doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12822-1 2019

  15. [15]

    Anomalous hall effect in a ferromagnetic Fe3Sn2 single crystal with a geometrically frustrated fe bilayer kagome lattice,

    Qi Wang, Shanshan Sun, Xiao Zhang, Fei Pang, and Hechang Lei, “Anomalous hall effect in a ferromagnetic Fe3Sn2 single crystal with a geometrically frustrated fe bilayer kagome lattice,” Physical Review B94, 075135 (2016)

    work page 2016

  16. [16]

    Mas- sive dirac fermions in a ferromagnetic kagome metal,

    Linda Ye, Mingu Kang, Junwei Liu, Felix von Cube, Christina R. Wicker, Takehito Suzuki, Chris Jozwiak, Aaron Bostwick, Eli Rotenberg, David C. Bell, Liang Fu, Riccardo Comin, and Joseph G. Checkelsky, “Mas- sive dirac fermions in a ferromagnetic kagome metal,” Nature555, 638–642 (2018)

    work page 2018

  17. [17]

    Negative flat band magnetism in a spin–orbit-coupled correlated kagome magnet,

    Jia-Xin Yin, Songtian S. Zhang, Guoqing Chang, Qi Wang, Stepan S. Tsirkin, Zurab Guguchia, Biao Lian, Huibin Zhou, Kun Jiang, Ilya Belopolski, Nana Shumiya, Daniel Multer, Maksim Litskevich, Tyler A. Cochran, Hsin Lin, Ziqiang Wang, Titus Neupert, Shuang Jia, Hechang Lei, and M. Zahid Hasan, “Negative flat band magnetism in a spin–orbit-coupled correlated...

    work page 2019

  18. [18]

    Flatbands and emergent ferromagnetic ordering in Fe 3Sn2 kagome lattices,

    Zhiyong Lin, Jin-Ho Choi, Qiang Zhang, Wei Qin, Seho Yi, Pengdong Wang, Lin Li, Yifan Wang, Hui Zhang, Zhe Sun, Laiming Wei, Shengbai Zhang, Tengfei Guo, Qingyou Lu, Jun-Hyung Cho, Changgan Zeng, and Zhenyu Zhang, “Flatbands and emergent ferromagnetic ordering in Fe 3Sn2 kagome lattices,” Physical Review Letters121, 096401 (2018)

    work page 2018

  19. [19]

    Magneto-optical detection of topologi- cal contributions to the anomalous hall effect in a kagome ferromagnet,

    F. Schilberth, N. Unglert, L. Prodan, F. Meggle, J. Ebad Allah, C. A. Kuntscher, A. A. Tsirlin, V. Tsurkan, J. Deisenhofer, L. Chioncel, I. K´ ezsm´ arki, and S. Bord´ acs, “Magneto-optical detection of topologi- cal contributions to the anomalous hall effect in a kagome ferromagnet,” Physical Review B106, 144404 (2022)

    work page 2022

  20. [20]

    Topological hall effect anisotropy in kagome bilayer metal Fe3Sn2,

    Qianheng Du, Zhixiang Hu, Myung-Geun Han, Fernando Camino, Yimei Zhu, and C. Petrovic, “Topological hall effect anisotropy in kagome bilayer metal Fe3Sn2,” Phys- ical Review Letters129, 236601 (2022)

    work page 2022

  21. [21]

    Room-temperature skyrmion thermopower in Fe 3Sn2,

    Qianheng Du, Myung-Geun Han, Yu Liu, Weijun Ren, Yimei Zhu, and Cedomir Petrovic, “Room-temperature skyrmion thermopower in Fe 3Sn2,” Advanced Quantum Technologies3(2020), 10.1002/qute.202000058

    work page doi:10.1002/qute.202000058 2020

  22. [22]

    Observation of various and spontaneous magnetic skyrmionic bubbles at room temperature in a frustrated kagome magnet with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy,

    Zhipeng Hou, Weijun Ren, Bei Ding, Guizhou Xu, Yue Wang, Bing Yang, Qiang Zhang, Ying Zhang, Enke Liu, Feng Xu, Wenhong Wang, Guangheng Wu, Xixiang Zhang, Baogen Shen, and Zhidong Zhang, “Observation of various and spontaneous magnetic skyrmionic bubbles at room temperature in a frustrated kagome magnet with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy,” Advanced Materia...

    work page doi:10.1002/adma.201706306 2018

  23. [23]

    Creation of single chain of nanoscale skyrmion bubbles with record-high temper- ature stability in a geometrically confined nanostripe,

    Zhipeng Hou, Qiang Zhang, Guizhou Xu, Chen Gong, Bei Ding, Yue Wang, Hang Li, Enke Liu, Feng Xu, Hongwei Zhang, Yuan Yao, Guangheng Wu, Xi-xiang Zhang, and Wenhong Wang, “Creation of single chain of nanoscale skyrmion bubbles with record-high temper- ature stability in a geometrically confined nanostripe,” Nano Letters18, 1274–1279 (2018)

    work page 2018

  24. [24]

    Magnetic and geometric control of spin textures in the itinerant kagome magnet Fe 3Sn2,

    Markus Altthaler, Erik Lysne, Erik Roede, Lilian Pro- dan, Vladimir Tsurkan, Mohamed A. Kassem, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Stephan Krohns, Istv´ an K´ ezsm´ arki, and Dennis Meier, “Magnetic and geometric control of spin textures in the itinerant kagome magnet Fe 3Sn2,” Phys- ical Review Research3, 043191 (2021)

    work page 2021

  25. [25]

    Observation of hy- brid magnetic skyrmion bubbles in Fe 3Sn2 nanodisks,

    Lingyao Kong, Jin Tang, Weiwei Wang, Yaodong Wu, Jialiang Jiang, Yihao Wang, Junbo Li, Yimin Xiong, Mingliang Tian, and Haifeng Du, “Observation of hy- brid magnetic skyrmion bubbles in Fe 3Sn2 nanodisks,” Physical Review B107, 174425 (2023). 7

    work page 2023

  26. [26]

    All-optical stochastic switching of magnetisation tex- tures in Fe 3Sn2,

    Andr´ as Kov´ acs, Jonathan T. Weber, Michalis Charilaou, Deli Kong, Lilian Prodan, Vladimir Tsurkan, Alexander Schr¨ oder, Nikolai S. Kiselev, Istv´ an K´ ezsm´ arki, Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski, Amir H. Tavabi, and Sascha Sch¨ afer, “All-optical stochastic switching of magnetisation tex- tures in Fe 3Sn2,” Communications Materials6(2025), 10.1038/s43246-02...

    work page doi:10.1038/s43246-025-00974-1 2025

  27. [27]

    Mossbauer effect study of Fe 3Sn2,

    G. Le Caer, B. Malaman, and B. Roques, “Mossbauer effect study of Fe 3Sn2,” Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics8, 323–336 (1978)

    work page 1978

  28. [28]

    Magnetic properties of Fe 3Sn2. iii. a 119Sn mossbauer study,

    G. Le Caer, B. Malaman, L. Haggstrom, and T. Ericsson, “Magnetic properties of Fe 3Sn2. iii. a 119Sn mossbauer study,” Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics9, 1905–1919 (1979)

    work page 1905

  29. [29]

    Magnetic properties of Fe 3Sn2. ii. neutron diffraction study and mossbauer effect,

    B. Malaman, D. Fruchart, and G. Le Caer, “Magnetic properties of Fe 3Sn2. ii. neutron diffraction study and mossbauer effect,” Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics 8, 2389–2399 (1978)

    work page 1978

  30. [30]

    Images of a first-order spin-reorientation phase transition in a metal- lic kagome ferromagnet,

    Kevin Heritage, Ben Bryant, Laura A. Fenner, Andrew S. Wills, Gabriel Aeppli, and Yeong-Ah Soh, “Images of a first-order spin-reorientation phase transition in a metal- lic kagome ferromagnet,” Advanced Functional Materials 30(2020), 10.1002/adfm.201909163

    work page doi:10.1002/adfm.201909163 2020

  31. [31]

    Phonon anomalies associated with spin reorientation in the kagome ferro- magnet Fe 3Sn2,

    Ge He, Leander Peis, Ramona Stumberger, Lilian Pro- dan, Vladimir Tsurkan, Nico Unglert, Liviu Chioncel, Istv´ an K´ ezsm´ arki, and Rudi Hackl, “Phonon anomalies associated with spin reorientation in the kagome ferro- magnet Fe 3Sn2,” physica status solidi (b)259(2021), 10.1002/pssb.202100169

    work page doi:10.1002/pssb.202100169 2021

  32. [32]

    Evidence of spin reorienta- tion and anharmonicity in kagome ferromagnet Fe3Sn2,

    Peng Wu, Jiuhui Song, Xiaoxiang Yu, Yihao Wang, Kang Xia, Bin Hong, Lin Zu, Yinchang Du, Pierre Vallobra, Fengguang Liu, Shuki Torii, Takashi Kamiyama, Yimin Xiong, and Weisheng Zhao, “Evidence of spin reorienta- tion and anharmonicity in kagome ferromagnet Fe3Sn2,” Applied Physics Letters119(2021), 10.1063/5.0063090

    work page doi:10.1063/5.0063090 2021

  33. [33]

    Magnetotransport as a diagnostic of spin reorientation: Kagome ferromagnet as a case study,

    Neeraj Kumar, Y. Soh, Yihao Wang, and Y. Xiong, “Magnetotransport as a diagnostic of spin reorientation: Kagome ferromagnet as a case study,” Physical Review B100, 214420 (2019)

    work page 2019

  34. [34]

    Easy-cone state medi- ating the spin reorientation in the topological kagome magnet Fe3Sn2,

    L. Prodan, D. M. Evans, A. S. Sukhanov, S. E. Nikitin, A. A. Tsirlin, L. Puntigam, M. C. Rahn, L. Chioncel, V. Tsurkan, and I. K´ ezsm´ arki, “Easy-cone state medi- ating the spin reorientation in the topological kagome magnet Fe3Sn2,” Physical Review B111, 184442 (2025)

    work page 2025

  35. [35]

    Experimental and computational analysis of binary fe–sn ferromagnetic compounds,

    Bahar Fayyazi, Konstantin P. Skokov, Tom Faske, Ingo Opahle, Michael Duerrschnabel, Tim Helbig, Ivan Solda- tov, Urban Rohrmann, Leopoldo Molina-Luna, Konrad G¨ uth, Hongbin Zhang, Wolfgang Donner, Rudolf Sch¨ afer, and Oliver Gutfleisch, “Experimental and computational analysis of binary fe–sn ferromagnetic compounds,” Acta Materialia180, 126–140 (2019)

    work page 2019

  36. [36]

    Large ordered moment with strong easy-plane anisotropy and vortex-domain pattern in the kagome ferromagnet Fe3Sn,

    Lilian Prodan, Donald M. Evans, Sin´ ead M. Griffin, An- dreas ¨Ostlin, Markus Altthaler, Erik Lysne, Irina G. Fil- ippova, Sergiu Shova, Liviu Chioncel, Vladimir Tsurkan, and Istv´ an K´ ezsm´ arki, “Large ordered moment with strong easy-plane anisotropy and vortex-domain pattern in the kagome ferromagnet Fe3Sn,” Applied Physics Let- ters123(2023), 10.10...

    work page doi:10.1063/5.0155295 2023

  37. [37]

    Nature of spin- reorientation transitions,

    H. Horner and C. M. Varma, “Nature of spin- reorientation transitions,” Physical Review Letters20, 845–846 (1968)

    work page 1968

  38. [38]

    The demagnetization coefficientDwas calculated from the initial slope of the magnetization curves,χ ′(0), mea- sured at 400 K for the out-of-plane configuration and at 2 K for the in-plane configuration, where the contribution of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy is negligible

    work page

  39. [39]

    G. M. Kalvius and R. S. Tebble, eds., Experimental Magnetism, Vol. 1 (John Wiley & Sons, Chichester and New York, 1979)

    work page 1979

  40. [40]

    Singular points in the magne- tization curve of a polycrystalline ferromagnet,

    G. Asti and S. Rinaldi, “Singular points in the magne- tization curve of a polycrystalline ferromagnet,” Journal of Applied Physics45, 3600–3610 (1974)

    work page 1974

  41. [41]

    Real-space imaging of intrinsic symmetry-breaking spin textures in a kagome lattice,

    Caihong Xie, Yongcheng Deng, Dong Zhang, Junbo Li, Yimin Xiong, Mangyuan Ma, Fusheng Ma, Wei Tong, Jihao Wang, Wenjie Meng, Yubin Hou, Yuyan Han, Qiyuan Feng, and Qingyou Lu, “Real-space imaging of intrinsic symmetry-breaking spin textures in a kagome lattice,” Advanced Science11(2024), 10.1002/advs.202404088

    work page doi:10.1002/advs.202404088 2024

  42. [42]

    Three-dimensional skyrmionic cocoons in magnetic multilayers,

    Matthieu Grelier, Florian Godel, Aymeric Vecchiola, Sophie Collin, Karim Bouzehouane, Albert Fert, Vin- cent Cros, and Nicolas Reyren, “Three-dimensional skyrmionic cocoons in magnetic multilayers,” Nature Communications13(2022), 10.1038/s41467-022-34370- x

    work page doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34370- 2022

  43. [43]

    Effects of tilted magnetocrystalline anisotropy on magnetic domains in Fe3Sn2 thin plates,

    Yutao Chen, Boyao Lv, Yaodong Wu, Qiyang Hu, Junbo Li, Yihao Wang, Yimin Xiong, Jianhua Gao, Jin Tang, Mingliang Tian, and Haifeng Du, “Effects of tilted magnetocrystalline anisotropy on magnetic domains in Fe3Sn2 thin plates,” Physical Review B103, 214435 (2021)

    work page 2021

  44. [44]

    Two-dimensional char- acterization of three-dimensional magnetic bubbles in Fe3Sn2 nanostructures,

    Jin Tang, Yaodong Wu, Lingyao Kong, Weiwei Wang, Yutao Chen, Yihao Wang, Y. Soh, Yimin Xiong, Min- gliang Tian, and Haifeng Du, “Two-dimensional char- acterization of three-dimensional magnetic bubbles in Fe3Sn2 nanostructures,” National Science Review8 (2020), 10.1093/nsr/nwaa200

    work page doi:10.1093/nsr/nwaa200 2020