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Long-range interactions assisted shortcuts to adiabaticity and battery charging in open quantum critical systems

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Pith's one-line read Long-range interactions allow shortcuts to adiabaticity with algebraically decaying couplings in open critical systems.

desk verdict Long-range Kitaev example shows algebraic decay STA control and a dissipative battery tweak, but the general claim for open critical systems rests on one model. read the letter →

arxiv 2606.07221 v1 pith:NPQPG37L submitted 2026-06-05 quant-ph cond-mat.stat-mech

Shishira Mahunta , Victor Mukherjee This is my paper · ORCID
classification quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
keywords long-rangeinteractionsshortcutstoadiabaticityquantumbatteriesopensystemsKitaevchaincriticaldissipationergotropy
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

The paper establishes that long-range interactions benefit shortcuts to adiabaticity in many-body open quantum critical systems and quantum battery charging under dissipation. Using the Kitaev chain as example, it shows that control can involve interactions decaying algebraically with distance, unlike short-range cases needing non-zero infinite-distance couplings. This reduces STA cost in non-unitary control and enhances ergotropy in a proposed modified STA for battery charging. Readers care because it positions long-range interactions as a resource for quantum technologies involving non-equilibrium many-body dynamics.

What carries the argument

The Kitaev chain with algebraically decaying long-range couplings, which carries the argument by demonstrating reduced STA costs and enhanced battery charging compared to short-range cases.

What would settle it

A demonstration that in the Kitaev chain or similar system, the STA cost does not decrease or the ergotropy does not increase when switching from short-range to long-range interactions.

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Extended reading notes

Core claim

In the Kitaev chain with long-range couplings, shortcuts to adiabaticity through criticality involve interaction strengths that decay algebraically with distance, in contrast to short-range interactions that may require non-zero interactions between infinitely distant spins. For non-unitary control, long-range interactions reduce the cost of STA. A modified STA technique for charging a quantum battery in the presence of dissipation shows that long-range interactions can enhance the resultant ergotropy.

Load-bearing premise

That the Kitaev chain with algebraically decaying long-range couplings represents the general advantage of long-range interactions for STA and battery charging in open quantum critical systems.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • STA control in critical systems can use finite, decaying interactions instead of infinite-range ones.
  • Non-unitary STA protocols incur lower cost with long-range interactions.
  • Quantum battery ergotropy increases under dissipation when using long-range interactions in the modified STA.
  • Long-range interactions act as a resource for quantum control in open many-body systems.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • This may extend to other critical models with long-range interactions beyond the Kitaev chain.
  • Platforms with natural long-range couplings could implement more efficient quantum control protocols.
  • Further studies could test if the algebraic decay specifically optimizes the advantage over other decay forms.
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Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

1 major / 0 minor

Summary. The manuscript claims that long-range interactions provide significant advantages for shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) in many-body open quantum critical systems and for dissipative quantum battery charging. Using the Kitaev chain with algebraically decaying couplings as the example, it contrasts this with short-range interactions (which may require non-zero couplings at infinite distance), reports reduced STA cost under non-unitary control, and proposes a modified STA protocol in which long-range interactions enhance ergotropy. The results are presented as establishing long-range interactions as a valuable resource for quantum control.

Significance. If the reported advantages are robust and extend beyond the specific model, the work could identify long-range interactions as a practical resource for quantum technologies. However, the significance is limited by the absence of evidence that the algebraic-decay control or ergotropy enhancement are model-independent features of open quantum critical systems rather than artifacts of the Kitaev chain's pairing structure.

major comments (1)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract and central claim: the assertion that long-range interactions are 'significantly beneficial' for STA and battery charging 'in many-body open quantum critical systems' and 'establish long-range interactions as a valuable resource' is load-bearing but rests solely on results for the Kitaev chain with algebraically decaying couplings. No additional models, dispersion relations, or dissipation structures are examined, and no analytical argument demonstrates that the advantage survives changes to the pairing or Majorana structure.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

1 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for their careful reading of the manuscript and for highlighting the need to better scope our central claims. We address this point below and have revised the manuscript accordingly.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract and central claim: the assertion that long-range interactions are 'significantly beneficial' for STA and battery charging 'in many-body open quantum critical systems' and 'establish long-range interactions as a valuable resource' is load-bearing but rests solely on results for the Kitaev chain with algebraically decaying couplings. No additional models, dispersion relations, or dissipation structures are examined, and no analytical argument demonstrates that the advantage survives changes to the pairing or Majorana structure.

    Authors: We agree that the results are demonstrated explicitly for the long-range Kitaev chain, a standard exactly solvable model for one-dimensional quantum critical systems with pairing. The algebraic decay of couplings is the feature that enables STA control with finite, distance-dependent interactions, in contrast to the short-range case. No other models or dispersion relations are studied in this work. To address the concern, we have revised the abstract and introduction to state that the advantages are shown using the Kitaev chain as a representative example, and we have added a brief discussion of possible extensions to other long-range critical systems in the conclusions. We do not claim a general analytical proof of model independence. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No circularity; derivation self-contained via explicit Kitaev-chain calculations

full rationale

The paper demonstrates benefits of long-range interactions for STA and battery charging explicitly through the Kitaev chain example with algebraically decaying couplings. No equations or claims reduce by construction to fitted inputs, self-definitions, or load-bearing self-citations; the central results follow from the model's dynamics and control protocols without tautological renaming or imported uniqueness theorems. The derivation remains independent of its inputs.

Assumptions & free parameters 0 free parameters · 0 assumptions · 0 invented entities

Abstract-only review provides no explicit free parameters, axioms, or invented entities; ledger left empty pending full text.

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Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Long-range interactions assisted shortcuts to adiabaticity and battery charging in open quantum critical systems." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/NPQPG37L

@misc{pith2026260607221,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Long-range interactions assisted shortcuts to adiabaticity and battery charging in open quantum critical systems},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/NPQPG37L}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2606.07221}
}
read the original abstract

In this work we show that long-range interactions can be significantly beneficial for implementing shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) in many-body open quantum critical systems driven out of equilibrium, as well as for charging quantum batteries in the presence of dissipation. In sharp contrast to short range interactions where passage through criticality may demand STA control with non-zero interactions between infinitely distant spins, using the example of a Kitaev chain with long-range couplings, we find that the corresponding control may involve involve interaction strength with decays algebraically with distance. In case of non-unitary control, the advantage of long-range interactions manifest through reduction in the cost of STA. We further propose a modified STA technique aimed at charging a quantum battery in the presence of dissipation, in which case long-range interactions may enhance the resultant ergotropy. Our results establish long-range interactions as a valuable resource for quantum control, with direct implications for quantum technologies.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2606.07221 by the authors.

Figure 1
Figure 1. (a) Comparison between the numerically evaluated CD coupling [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p006_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Dependence of hm(µ, α), obtained through numer￾ical integration of Eq. (18), on the interaction exponent α near µ = ±1. Here ϵ± = 0.1. (see Eq. (C7)), and thus become strongly enhanced as the system relaxes toward the ground state. (ii) High-temperature regime: In the high-temperature limit of βEk → ∞, the system approaches a maximally mixed state with nearly equal population of all energy levels, resulting in small… view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. (a)–(d) Main panels show the transition rates [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_3.png] view at source ↗
Figures from the paper (5 more)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: (a) Heat current ISTA in the low-temperature regime β = 10. (b) Heat current ISTA (main) and power PSTA (inset) in the high-temperature regime β = 0.1. (c) Power PSTA in the low-temperature regime β = 10. Table II. Heat current ISTA and power dissipated PSTA near the c…
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: (a) Ergotropy W(t) with µ for different values of α at inverse temperature β = 1. The ergotropy increases with increasing range of interactions. (b) Variation of the ergotropy W(t) with µ for different values of β, for α = 1.2. Lower temperatures result in higher value…
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: Quasiparticle spectrum Ek of the LRK model for different α at µ = −1. The inset shows the dispersion near k = π, and at µ = +1 where the spectrum remains linear for all α. 2. Expansion around µ = +1 Near the second critical point µ = +1, the gap closes at k = π. Writin…
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: Variation of the non-unitary control strength [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p015_7.png]
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: (a) Shows variation of the non-unitary control strength [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p016_8.png]

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Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

65 extracted references · 7 canonical work pages

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    Long-range interactions assisted shortcuts to adiabaticity and battery charging in open quantum critical systems

    and continuous [9] time crystals, and for designing quantum technologies [10]. However, quantum systems driven out of equilibrium are in general associated with non-adiabatic excitations [11]. This can be detrimental, for example, for quantum annealing [12], or for modeling high-performing quantum technologies, including quan- tum computers [13] and quant...

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    Using Eqs

    Long-range regime (1< α <2) We first analyze the behavior of the CD coupling co- efficienth m(ϵ−, α) near the critical pointµ=−1 in the long range regime (1< α <2). Using Eqs. (6) and (18), and the Taylor series expansion of the of the function fα(k) (see Appendix A), one gets hm(ϵ−, α)≈ 1 4π Z π 0 Aαkα−1 ϵ2 − +A 2αk2(α−1) sin(mk)dk.(19) (i) Away from cri...

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    Following Eq

    Short-range regime (α >2) We now analyze the behavior of the CD coupling hm(ϵ−, α) in the short-range regimeα >2. Following Eq. (18), in this regime one gets hm(ϵ−, α >2)≈ 1 4π Z π 0 Bαksin(mk) ϵ2 − +B 2αk2 dk.(24) As shown in Appendix B, in the limit ofm >>1 Eq. (24) finally leads us to hm(ϵ−, α >2)≈ 1 8ζ(α−1) exp − |ϵ−| ζ(α−1) m .(25) Thus, away from th...

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    Definingϵ − =µ+1 and expandingµ+cosk≃ϵ − −k 2/2, the quasiparticle spectrum reduces to (see Fig

    Expansion aroundµ=−1 Near the critical pointµ=−1, where the gap closes atk= 0, we have [31, 33, 53, 54] fα(k)∼    Aαkα−1,1< α <2, kln(1/k), α= 2, Bαk, α >2, (A1) where Aα = Γ(1−α) cos πα 2 , B α =ζ(α−1). Definingϵ − =µ+1 and expandingµ+cosk≃ϵ − −k 2/2, the quasiparticle spectrum reduces to (see Fig. 6) E2 k ∼    ϵ2 − +A 2 αk2(α−1) 1< α <2, ϵ...

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    Writingq=π−k, the pairing function expands as [55] fα(π−q)∼ ˜Bαq, ˜Bα =η(α−1),(A3) whereη(s) = (1−2 1−s)ζ(s) is the Dirichlet eta function

    Expansion aroundµ= +1 Near the second critical pointµ= +1, the gap closes atk=π. Writingq=π−k, the pairing function expands as [55] fα(π−q)∼ ˜Bαq, ˜Bα =η(α−1),(A3) whereη(s) = (1−2 1−s)ζ(s) is the Dirichlet eta function. Definingϵ + =µ−1 and expandingµ+ cos(π−q)≃ ϵ+ +q 2/2, the spectrum becomes E2 k ∼ϵ 2 + + ˜B2 αq2.(A4) Hence, unlike the caseµ=−1, the qu...

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    Momentum-space representation The momentum-space representation of the long-range Kitaev chain (Eq.1) reads H0(t) = X k Ψ† kHk(µ)Ψk,Ψ † k = (c† k, c−k),(B1) withH k(µ) = (µ+ cosk)σ z +f α(k)σ x and the quasi- particle spectrum isE k(µ, α) = p (µ+ cosk) 2 +f 2α(k). 12 Each momentum sector therefore corresponds to an ef- fective two-level HamiltonianH k = ⃗...

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    (B5) gives HCD(t) =− ˙µ(t) 2 X k fα(k) (µ+ cosk) 2 +f 2α(k) i c−kck −c † kc† −k

    Real-space representation ofH CD To obtain the real-space form of the CD Hamiltonian we first note the identity Ψ† kσyΨk =i c−kck −c † kc† −k .(B6) Substituting this into Eq. (B5) gives HCD(t) =− ˙µ(t) 2 X k fα(k) (µ+ cosk) 2 +f 2α(k) i c−kck −c † kc† −k . (B7) We now express the Fermionic operators in real space using the inverse Fourier transform ck = 1...

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    X m ˙λm|mt⟩⟨mt| X n |∂tnt⟩⟨nt| # −iTr

    Derivation for the CD couplingh m Here, we derive the form of CD couplingh m(µ, α) across the criticalityµ=±1, discussed in Sec. III. (a)µ=−1,1< α <2 :Puttingϵ − = 0 in Eq. (19) one gets hm(ϵ−,1< α <2)≈ 1 4πAα Z π 0 k(1−α) sin(mk)dk Making the scaling substitutionq=mkwe get hm ≈ mα−2 4πAα Z mπ 0 q1−α sinq dq. The above integral converges for largemand usi...

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Pith tools

Reviewed June 27, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.