pith. sign in

arxiv: 2606.16594 · v2 · pith:J6B7KLZOnew · submitted 2026-06-15 · ❄️ cond-mat.mes-hall · cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Interfacial Magnetotransport in a NiI₂/Graphene Heterostructure

Stasiu Thomas Chyczewski , Xiaotong Xu , Wenjuan Zhu This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-06-27 02:57 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ❄️ cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.mtrl-sci
keywords magnetotransportvan der Waals heterostructureNiI2graphenemultiferroicantiferromagnetinterfacial couplingharmonic resistance
0
0 comments X

The pith

Graphene detects magnetic order in adjacent NiI2 through anisotropic low-field resistance peaks that vanish above the transition temperature.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper shows that a monolayer of graphene next to the insulating magnet NiI2 develops large anisotropic peaks in its first-harmonic longitudinal magnetoresistance when an in-plane field is applied. These peaks are missing in a graphene-on-h-BN control device and disappear once the temperature exceeds NiI2's multiferroic transition. Temperature-dependent measurements of higher harmonics add further contrast that is absent from the control. The results indicate that graphene transport can serve as a non-invasive electrical readout of the magnetic state in an otherwise insulating layer.

Core claim

First-harmonic longitudinal magnetoresistance under in-plane magnetic fields exhibits large, anisotropic low-field peaks that are absent from a monolayer graphene/h-BN control device and are suppressed above the multiferroic transition temperature of NiI2, demonstrating that graphene-based transport measurements provide a sensitive probe of magnetic phase behavior in electrically insulating van der Waals magnets.

What carries the argument

First-harmonic longitudinal magnetoresistance under in-plane fields, whose low-field anisotropic peaks track the magnetic order in the adjacent NiI2 layer.

If this is right

  • Graphene transport supplies a non-invasive electrical readout of magnetic phases in insulating van der Waals magnets.
  • Second-harmonic resistance displays the clearest nonlinear contrast relative to control devices.
  • Third-harmonic signals contain a larger generic background yet remain modified by the presence of NiI2.
  • The approach opens routes toward spintronic devices based on insulating vdW multiferroics.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • The same readout method could be tested on other insulating antiferromagnets to map their phase boundaries electrically.
  • Anisotropy in the peaks may encode information about the helical spin texture of NiI2, offering a route to probe its multiferroic order parameter without optical access.
  • Device geometries that combine graphene with multiple insulating magnets could enable local sensing of magnetic domains or phase coexistence.

Load-bearing premise

The low-field anisotropic peaks arise specifically from interfacial coupling to the magnetic order in NiI2 rather than from unrelated interface effects such as strain, doping, or defects that might also be temperature-dependent.

What would settle it

Observation of comparable anisotropic low-field peaks in a graphene device fabricated on a non-magnetic substrate with otherwise similar interface properties, or persistence of the peaks above NiI2's transition temperature in the same heterostructure.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2606.16594 by Stasiu Thomas Chyczewski, Wenjuan Zhu, Xiaotong Xu.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: (a) Basic diagram of the graphene/NiI2 heterostructure. (b) Optical image of a Gr/NiI2 /h-BN heterostructure. This sample is made with monolayer graphene (see Fig. S3). Scale bar: 10 µm. (c) Mass-normalized magnetization curves for a field applied in-plane at various temperatures. (d) In-plane susceptibility measurements zoomed in at transition temperatures under zero field cooling (ZFC), negative field co… view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: (a) Fundamental four-point longitudinal resistance vs. temperature (b) First [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: (a) Magnetoresistance sweeps for an in-plane field applied perpendicular (90 de [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: (a) Second and (b) third harmonic resistance of MR sweeps shown in Fig. [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_4.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

We investigate magnetotransport in a van der Waals heterostructure composed of monolayer graphene and the insulating helical antiferromagnet nickel iodide (NiI$_2$). While NiI$_2$ is highly resistive and thus poorly suited for direct transport measurements, we demonstrate that magnetotransport in an adjacent graphene layer provides an electrical readout of magnetic-state-dependent interfacial behavior. Most notably, first-harmonic longitudinal magnetoresistance under in-plane magnetic fields exhibits large, anisotropic low-field peaks that are absent from a monolayer graphene/h-BN control device and are suppressed above the multiferroic transition temperature of NiI$_2$. Temperature-dependent harmonic measurements provide complementary evidence: the second-harmonic resistance shows the clearest nonlinear contrast relative to the control device, while the third harmonic contains a larger generic nonlinear and thermal background that is nevertheless modified in the heterostructure. These results demonstrate that graphene-based transport measurements offer a sensitive, non-invasive probe of magnetic phase behavior in electrically insulating van der Waals magnets, opening routes toward spintronic devices based on insulating vdW multiferroics.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

1 major / 0 minor

Summary. The manuscript investigates magnetotransport in a NiI₂/graphene van der Waals heterostructure, claiming that first-harmonic longitudinal magnetoresistance under in-plane magnetic fields shows large anisotropic low-field peaks absent in a graphene/h-BN control and suppressed above NiI₂'s multiferroic transition temperature, demonstrating graphene as a probe for magnetic behavior in insulating magnets.

Significance. If the attribution to magnetic interfacial coupling is confirmed, this would establish a sensitive electrical readout for phase behavior in insulating vdW magnets with potential spintronic applications.

major comments (1)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract: the central claim that the anisotropic low-field peaks arise from interfacial coupling to NiI₂ magnetic order relies on the graphene/h-BN control capturing all non-magnetic interface effects, but NiI₂ and h-BN differ in lattice constant, dielectric response, and surface chemistry, so temperature-dependent interface phenomena unique to the NiI₂ interface could produce the peaks without involving magnetic order.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

1 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for their thoughtful review and for highlighting a potential ambiguity in the interpretation of our control experiments. We address the concern point-by-point below and propose a targeted revision to strengthen the manuscript.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: the central claim that the anisotropic low-field peaks arise from interfacial coupling to NiI₂ magnetic order relies on the graphene/h-BN control capturing all non-magnetic interface effects, but NiI₂ and h-BN differ in lattice constant, dielectric response, and surface chemistry, so temperature-dependent interface phenomena unique to the NiI₂ interface could produce the peaks without involving magnetic order.

    Authors: We agree that NiI₂ and h-BN differ in lattice constant, dielectric constant, and surface termination, so the h-BN control cannot exclude every conceivable non-magnetic interfacial effect. However, the manuscript's central evidence is the suppression of the anisotropic low-field peaks above NiI₂'s multiferroic transition temperature (~75 K). Non-magnetic interface phenomena (strain, dielectric mismatch, or chemistry) are not expected to exhibit an abrupt change at this specific temperature. The temperature dependence therefore provides independent support for a magnetic origin that is not available from the control device alone. We will revise the abstract and discussion sections to explicitly note the limitations of the structural/chemical mismatch between the two interfaces while emphasizing the temperature-suppression argument. revision: partial

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity: purely experimental observations with control comparisons

full rationale

The manuscript reports direct experimental magnetotransport measurements on a NiI2/graphene heterostructure, contrasting first-harmonic longitudinal MR peaks against a graphene/h-BN control device and noting suppression above the NiI2 transition temperature. No equations, fitted parameters, derivations, or self-citations appear in the provided text. The central claim rests on empirical contrasts rather than any reduction of a prediction to its own inputs by construction. This is the expected outcome for an experimental report without theoretical modeling.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

The work is purely experimental and introduces no mathematical model, free parameters, or new physical entities.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.1-grok · 5733 in / 1151 out tokens · 32334 ms · 2026-06-27T02:57:31.813709+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

51 extracted references · 47 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    Baltz, A

    V. Baltz, A. Manchon, M. Tsoi, T. Moriyama, T. Ono, and Y. Tserkovnyak. Antiferro- magnetic spintronics.Rev. Mod. Phys., 90:015005, Feb 2018. doi: 10.1103/RevModPh ys.90.015005. URLhttps://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.90.015005

    work page doi:10.1103/revmodph 2018

  2. [2]

    Rimmler, Banabir Pal, and Stuart S

    Berthold H. Rimmler, Banabir Pal, and Stuart S. P. Parkin. Non-collinear antiferromag- netic spintronics.Nature Reviews Materials, 10(2):109–127, 2025. ISSN 2058-8437. doi: 10.1038/s41578-024-00706-w. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-024-00706-w

    work page doi:10.1038/s41578-024-00706-w 2025

  3. [3]

    Spin-orbit- torque based on mn-based noncollinear antiferromagnets.Journal of Physics: Con- densed Matter, 2025

    Shiwei Chen, Dequan Meng, Guang Zeng, Pan Zhang, and Shiheng Liang. Spin-orbit- torque based on mn-based noncollinear antiferromagnets.Journal of Physics: Con- densed Matter, 2025. URLhttp://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6 48X/addd54

    work page doi:10.1088/1361-6 2025

  4. [4]

    Nogu´ es and Ivan K

    J. Nogu´ es and Ivan K. Schuller. Exchange bias.Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 192(2):203–232, 1999. doi: 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00266-2

    work page doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(98)00266-2 1999

  5. [5]

    Wadley, B

    P. Wadley, B. Howells, J. ˇZelezn´ y, C. Andrews, V. Hills, R. P. Campion, V. Nov´ ak, K. Olejn´ ık, F. Maccherozzi, S. S. Dhesi, S. Y. Martin, T. Wagner, J. Wunderlich, F. Freimuth, Y. Mokrousov, J. Kuneˇ s, J. S. Chauhan, M. J. Grzybowski, A. W. Rush- forth, Kw Edmond, B. L. Gallagher, and T. Jungwirth. Electrical switching of an antiferromagnet.Science...

    work page doi:10.1126/science.aab1031 2016

  6. [6]

    Yu Bodnar, L

    S. Yu Bodnar, L. ˇSmejkal, I. Turek, T. Jungwirth, O. Gomonay, J. Sinova, A. A. Sapozhnik, H. J. Elmers, M. Kl¨ aui, and M. Jourdan. Writing and reading antiferromag- netic Mn2Au by n´ eel spin-orbit torques and large anisotropic magnetoresistance.Nature Communications, 9(1):348, 2018. ISSN 2041-1723. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02780-x. URLhttps://doi.org/10...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02780-x 2018

  7. [7]

    Campion, Manuel Baumgartner, Pietro Gambardella, Petr Nˇ emec, Joerg Wunderlich, Jairo Sinova, Petr Kuˇ zel, Melanie M¨ uller, Tobias Kampfrath, and Tomas Jungwirth

    Kamil Olejn´ ık, Tom Seifert, Zdenˇ ek Kaˇ spar, V´ ıt Nov´ ak, Peter Wadley, Richard P. Campion, Manuel Baumgartner, Pietro Gambardella, Petr Nˇ emec, Joerg Wunderlich, Jairo Sinova, Petr Kuˇ zel, Melanie M¨ uller, Tobias Kampfrath, and Tomas Jungwirth. Terahertz electrical writing speed in an antiferromagnetic memory.Science Advances, 4(3):eaar3566, 201...

    work page doi:10.1126/sciadv.aar3566 2018

  8. [8]

    Large anomalous hall effect in a non-collinear antiferromagnet at room temperature.Nature, 527(7577):212–215, 2015

    Satoru Nakatsuji, Naoki Kiyohara, and Tomoya Higo. Large anomalous hall effect in a non-collinear antiferromagnet at room temperature.Nature, 527(7577):212–215, 2015. ISSN 1476-4687. doi: 10.1038/nature15723. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1038/nature 15723

    work page doi:10.1038/nature15723 2015

  9. [9]

    Muduli, Muhammad Ikhlas, Yasutomo Omori, Takahiro Tomita, Allan H

    Motoi Kimata, Hua Chen, Kouta Kondou, Satoshi Sugimoto, Prasanta K. Muduli, Muhammad Ikhlas, Yasutomo Omori, Takahiro Tomita, Allan H. MacDonald, Satoru Nakatsuji, and Yoshichika Otani. Magnetic and magnetic inverse spin hall effects in a non-collinear antiferromagnet.Nature, 565(7741):627–630, 2019. ISSN 1476-4687. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0853-0. URLhttp...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0853-0 2019

  10. [10]

    G. T. Rado and V. J. Folen. Magnetoelectric effects in antiferromagnetics.Journal of Applied Physics, 33(3):1126–1132, 03 1962. ISSN 0021-8979. doi: 10.1063/1.1728630. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1063/1.1728630

    work page doi:10.1063/1.1728630 1962

  11. [11]

    Schmidt, and Denys Makarov

    Tobias Kosub, Martin Kopte, Ruben H¨ uhne, Patrick Appel, Brendan Shields, Patrick Maletinsky, Ren´ e H¨ ubner, Maciej Oskar Liedke, J¨ urgen Fassbender, Oliver G. Schmidt, and Denys Makarov. Purely antiferromagnetic magnetoelectric random access memory. Nature Communications, 8(1):13985, 2017. ISSN 2041-1723. doi: 10.1038/ncomms1398

    work page doi:10.1038/ncomms1398 2017

  12. [12]

    URLhttps://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13985

    work page doi:10.1038/ncomms13985

  13. [13]

    Yamasaki, H

    Y. Yamasaki, H. Sagayama, T. Goto, M. Matsuura, K. Hirota, T. Arima, and Y. Tokura. Electric control of spin helicity in a magnetic ferroelectric.Phys. Rev. Lett., 98:147204, Apr 2007. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.147204. URLhttps://link.aps.org/doi/1 0.1103/PhysRevLett.98.147204

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevlett.98.147204 2007

  14. [14]

    Rodrigues, Olle Heinonen, Dilip Vasudevan, Jorge ´I˜ niguez, Darrell G

    Xiaoxi Huang, Xianzhe Chen, Yuhang Li, John Mangeri, Hongrui Zhang, Maya Ramesh, Hossein Taghinejad, Peter Meisenheimer, Lucas Caretta, Sandhya Susarla, Rakshit Jain, Christoph Klewe, Tianye Wang, Rui Chen, Cheng-Hsiang Hsu, Isaac Harris, Sajid Hu- sain, Hao Pan, Jia Yin, Padraic Shafer, Ziqiang Qiu, Davi R. Rodrigues, Olle Heinonen, Dilip Vasudevan, Jorg...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41563-024-01854-8 2024

  15. [15]

    2d magnetic heterostructures and their interface modulated magnetism.ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 13(43):50591–50601, 2021

    Wei Li, Yi Zeng, Zijing Zhao, Biao Zhang, Junjie Xu, Xiaoxiao Huang, and Yanglong Hou. 2d magnetic heterostructures and their interface modulated magnetism.ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 13(43):50591–50601, 2021. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c1 1132

    work page doi:10.1021/acsami.1c1 2021

  16. [16]

    H. Yang, S. O. Valenzuela, M. Chshiev, S. Couet, B. Dieny, B. Dlubak, A. Fert, K. Garello, M. Jamet, D. E. Jeong, K. Lee, T. Lee, M. B. Martin, G. S. Kar, P. Seneor, H. J. Shin, and S. Roche. Two-dimensional materials prospects for non- volatile spintronic memories.Nature, 606(7915):663–673, 2022. ISSN 1476-4687 (Elec- tronic) 0028-0836 (Linking). doi: 10...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04768-0 2022

  17. [17]

    Torres, Ahmed Raza Khan, and Yuerui Lu

    Sharidya Rahman, Juan F. Torres, Ahmed Raza Khan, and Yuerui Lu. Recent devel- opments in van der waals antiferromagnetic 2d materials: Synthesis, characterization, and device implementation.ACS Nano, 15(11):17175–17213, 2021. ISSN 1936-0851. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06864. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c06864. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06864

    work page doi:10.1021/acsnano.1c06864 2021

  18. [18]

    Huang , author G

    Bevin Huang, Genevieve Clark, Efr´ en Navarro-Moratalla, Dahlia R. Klein, Ran Cheng, Kyle L. Seyler, DIng Zhong, Emma Schmidgall, Michael A. McGuire, David H. Cob- den, Wang Yao, Di Xiao, Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, and Xiaodong Xu. Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der waals crystal down to the monolayer limit.Nature, 546 29 (7657):270–273, 2017. doi: 1...

    work page doi:10.1038/nature22391 2017

  19. [19]

    Dipolar spin wave packet trans- port in a van der waals antiferromagnet.Nature Physics, 20(5):794–800, 2024

    Yue Sun, Fanhao Meng, Changmin Lee, Aljoscha Soll, Hongrui Zhang, Ramamoorthy Ramesh, Jie Yao, Zdenˇ ek Sofer, and Joseph Orenstein. Dipolar spin wave packet trans- port in a van der waals antiferromagnet.Nature Physics, 20(5):794–800, 2024. ISSN 1745-2481. doi: 10.1038/s41567-024-02387-2. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s415 67-024-02387-2

    work page doi:10.1038/s41567-024-02387-2 2024

  20. [20]

    Current-driven collective control of helical spin texture in van der waals antiferromagnet

    Kai-Xuan Zhang, Suik Cheon, Hyuncheol Kim, Pyeongjae Park, Yeochan An, Suhan Son, Jingyuan Cui, Jihoon Keum, Joonyoung Choi, Younjung Jo, Hwiin Ju, Jong-Seok Lee, Youjin Lee, Maxim Avdeev, Armin Kleibert, Hyun-Woo Lee, and Je-Geun Park. Current-driven collective control of helical spin texture in van der waals antiferromagnet. Phys. Rev. Lett., 134:176701...

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevlett.134.176701 2025

  21. [21]

    Kuindersma, J.P

    S.R. Kuindersma, J.P. Sanchez, and C. Haas. Magnetic and structural investigations on NiI 2 and CoI 2.Physica B+C, 111(2):231–248, 1981. ISSN 0378-4363. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1016/0378-4363(81)90100-5. URLhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/sc ience/article/pii/0378436381901005

    work page doi:10.1016/0378-4363(81)90100-5 1981

  22. [22]

    Electrical interrogation of thickness-dependent multiferroic phase transitions in the 2d antiferromagnetic semiconductor NiI 2.Advanced Functional Materials, 33(12):2212568, 2023

    Dmitry Lebedev, Jonathan Tyler Gish, Ethan Skyler Garvey, Teodor Kosev Stanev, Junhwan Choi, Leonidas Georgopoulos, Thomas Wei Song, Hong Youl Park, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Nathaniel Patrick Stern, Vinod Kumar Sangwan, and Mark Christopher Hersam. Electrical interrogation of thickness-dependent multiferroic phase transitions in the 2d antiferro...

    work page doi:10.1002/adfm.202212568 2023

  23. [23]

    Coexistence of ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity in 2d van der waals multiferroic.Nature Communications, 15(1):8616, 2024

    Yangliu Wu, Zhaozhuo Zeng, Haipeng Lu, Xiaocang Han, Chendi Yang, Nanshu Liu, Xiaoxu Zhao, Liang Qiao, Wei Ji, Renchao Che, Longjiang Deng, Peng Yan, and Bo Peng. Coexistence of ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity in 2d van der waals multiferroic.Nature Communications, 15(1):8616, 2024. ISSN 2041-1723. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53019-5. URLhttps://doi...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41467-024-53019-5 2024

  24. [24]

    Vapor deposition of magnetic van der waals NiI 2 crystals.ACS Nano, 14(8):10544–10551, 2020

    Haining Liu, Xinsheng Wang, Juanxia Wu, Yuansha Chen, Jing Wan, Rui Wen, Jinbo Yang, Ying Liu, Zhigang Song, and Liming Xie. Vapor deposition of magnetic van der waals NiI 2 crystals.ACS Nano, 14(8):10544–10551, 2020. ISSN 1936-0851. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04499. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c04499. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04499

    work page doi:10.1021/acsnano.0c04499 2020

  25. [25]

    S. Y. Huang, X. Fan, D. Qu, Y. P. Chen, W. G. Wang, J. Wu, T. Y. Chen, J. Q. Xiao, and C. L. Chien. Transport magnetic proximity effects in platinum.Physical Review Letters, 109(10):107204, 2012. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.107204. URL https://journals.aps.org/prl/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.107204

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevlett.109.107204 2012

  26. [26]

    Lohmann, T

    M. Lohmann, T. Su, B. Niu, Y. Hou, M. Alghamdi, M. Aldosary, W. Xing, J. Zhong, S. Jia, W. Han, R. Wu, Y. T. Cui, and J. Shi. Probing magnetism in insulating 30 Cr2Ge2Te6 by induced anomalous hall effect in pt.Nano Lett, 19(4):2397–2403, 2019. ISSN 1530-6992 (Electronic) 1530-6984 (Linking). doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05121. URLhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g...

    work page doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05121 2019

  27. [27]

    C. Tang, Z. Zhang, S. Lai, Q. Tan, and W. B. Gao. Magnetic proximity effect in Graphene/CrBr3 van der waals heterostructures.Adv Mater, 32(16):e1908498, 2020. ISSN 1521-4095 (Electronic) 0935-9648 (Linking). doi: 10.1002/adma.201908498. URL https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32130750

    work page doi:10.1002/adma.201908498 2020

  28. [28]

    Electrical and magnetic anisotropies in van der waals multiferroic cucrp2s6.Nature Communications, 14(1):840, 2023

    Xiaolei Wang, Zixuan Shang, Chen Zhang, Jiaqian Kang, Tao Liu, Xueyun Wang, Siliang Chen, Haoliang Liu, Wei Tang, Yu-Jia Zeng, Jianfeng Guo, Zhihai Cheng, Lei Liu, Dong Pan, Shucheng Tong, Bo Wu, Yiyang Xie, Guangcheng Wang, Jinxiang Deng, Tianrui Zhai, Hui-Xiong Deng, Jiawang Hong, and Jianhua Zhao. Electrical and magnetic anisotropies in van der waals m...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36512-1 2023

  29. [29]

    R. Zhou, T. Guo, L. Huang, and K. Ullah. Engineering the harmonic generation in graphene.Materials Today Physics, 23:100649, 2022. ISSN 2542-5293. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.mtphys.2022.100649. URLhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/sc ience/article/pii/S2542529322000475

    work page doi:10.1016/j.mtphys.2022.100649 2022

  30. [30]

    Purdie, Domenico De Fazio, Teng Ma, Birong Luo, Junjia Wang, Anna K

    Giancarlo Soavi, Gang Wang, Habib Rostami, David G. Purdie, Domenico De Fazio, Teng Ma, Birong Luo, Junjia Wang, Anna K. Ott, Duhee Yoon, Sean A. Bourelle, Jakob E. Muench, Ilya Goykhman, Stefano Dal Conte, Michele Celebrano, Andrea Tomadin, Marco Polini, Giulio Cerullo, and Andrea C. Ferrari. Broadband, electrically tunable third-harmonic generation in g...

  31. [31]

    doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0145-8

    ISSN 1748-3395. doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0145-8. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1 038/s41565-018-0145-8

    work page doi:10.1038/s41565-018-0145-8

  32. [32]

    Chichinadze, Yibang Wang, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Liang Fu, and J

    Naiyuan James Zhang, Jiang-Xiazi Lin, Dmitry V. Chichinadze, Yibang Wang, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Liang Fu, and J. I. A. Li. Angle-resolved transport non- reciprocity and spontaneous symmetry breaking in twisted trilayer graphene.Nature Materials, 23(3):356–362, 2024. ISSN 1476-4660. doi: 10.1038/s41563-024-01809-z. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41563-024-01809-z 2024

  33. [33]

    David G. Cahill. Thermal conductivity measurement from 30 to 750 k: the 3ωmethod. Review of Scientific Instruments, 61(2):802–808, 02 1990. ISSN 0034-6748. doi: 10.106 3/1.1141498. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1063/1.1141498

    work page doi:10.1063/1.1141498 1990

  34. [34]

    Z. Chen, W. Jang, W. Bao, C. N. Lau, and C. Dames. Thermal contact resistance between graphene and silicon dioxide.Applied Physics Letters, 95(16):161910, 10 2009. ISSN 0003-6951. doi: 10.1063/1.3245315. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1063/1.3245315

    work page doi:10.1063/1.3245315 2009

  35. [35]

    Third harmonic resistance in ferromagnet/heavy-metal bilayers.Phys

    Yuteng Ma, Hang Xie, Yuxin Si, Bin Rong, Jiaqi Wang, Hongsheng Zheng, Yanghui Liu, Yihong Wu, and Yumeng Yang. Third harmonic resistance in ferromagnet/heavy-metal bilayers.Phys. Rev. B, 111:094409, Mar 2025. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.111.094409. URLhttps://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.111.094409. 31

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevb.111.094409 2025

  36. [36]

    Q. Song, C. A. Occhialini, E. Ergecen, B. Ilyas, D. Amoroso, P. Barone, J. Kapeghian, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, A. S. Botana, S. Picozzi, N. Gedik, and R. Comin. Evidence for a single-layer van der waals multiferroic.Nature, 602(7898):601–605, 2022. ISSN 1476-4687 (Electronic) 0028-0836 (Linking). doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04337-x. URL https://www.ncbi.nlm...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04337-x 2022

  37. [37]

    T. Hori, N. Kanazawa, K. Matsuura, H. Ishizuka, K. Fujiwara, A. Tsukazaki, M. Ichikawa, M. Kawasaki, F. Kagawa, M. Hirayama, and Y. Tokura. Strongly pinned skyrmionic bubbles and higher-order nonlinear hall resistances at the interface of pt/fesi bilayer.Phys. Rev. Mater., 8:044407, Apr 2024. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.8.044

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.8.044 2024

  38. [38]

    URLhttps://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.8.044407

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.8.044407

  39. [39]

    Magnetic proximity in a van der waals heterostructure of magnetic insulator and graphene.2D Materials, 7(1):015026, dec 2019

    Bogdan Karpiak, Aron W Cummings, Klaus Zollner, Marc Vila, Dmitrii Khokhriakov, Anamul Md Hoque, Andr´ e Dankert, Peter Svedlindh, Jaroslav Fabian, Stephan Roche, and Saroj P Dash. Magnetic proximity in a van der waals heterostructure of magnetic insulator and graphene.2D Materials, 7(1):015026, dec 2019. doi: 10.1088/2053-1583/ ab5915. URLhttps://dx.doi....

    work page doi:10.1088/2053-1583/ 2019

  40. [40]

    Johnston

    David C. Johnston. Magnetic structure and magnetization of helical antiferromagnets in high magnetic fields perpendicular to the helix axis at zero temperature.Phys. Rev. B, 96:104405, Sep 2017. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.96.104405. URLhttps: //link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.104405

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevb.96.104405 2017

  41. [41]

    Sign-tunable anisotropic magnetoresistance and electrically detectable dual magnetic phases in a helical antiferromagnet.NPG Asia Materials, 14(1):67, 2022

    Jong Hyuk Kim, Hyun Jun Shin, Mi Kyung Kim, Jae Min Hong, Ki Won Jeong, Jin Seok Kim, Kyungsun Moon, Nara Lee, and Young Jai Choi. Sign-tunable anisotropic magnetoresistance and electrically detectable dual magnetic phases in a helical antiferromagnet.NPG Asia Materials, 14(1):67, 2022. ISSN 1884-4057. doi: 10.1038/s41427-022-00415-2. URLhttps://doi.org/1...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41427-022-00415-2 2022

  42. [42]

    N. J. Ghimire, M. A. McGuire, D. S. Parker, B. Sipos, S. Tang, J.-Q. Yan, B. C. Sales, and D. Mandrus. Magnetic phase transition in single crystals of the chiral helimagnet cr1/3nbs2.Phys. Rev. B, 87:104403, Mar 2013. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.104403. URL https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.104403

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevb.87.104403 2013

  43. [43]

    Surprising pressure-induced magnetic transformations from helimagnetic order to antiferromagnetic state in nii2.Nature Communications, 16(1):4221, 2025

    Qiye Liu, Wenjie Su, Yue Gu, Xi Zhang, Xiuquan Xia, Le Wang, Ke Xiao, Naipeng Zhang, Xiaodong Cui, Mingyuan Huang, Chengrong Wei, Xiaolong Zou, Bin Xi, Jia- Wei Mei, and Jun-Feng Dai. Surprising pressure-induced magnetic transformations from helimagnetic order to antiferromagnetic state in nii2.Nature Communications, 16(1):4221, 2025. ISSN 2041-1723. doi:...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41467-025-59561-0 2025

  44. [44]

    Occhialini, Qian Song, Paolo Barone, Sahaj Patel, Meghna Shankar, Raul Acevedo-Esteves, Jiarui Li, Christie Nelson, Silvia Picozzi, Ronny Su- tarto, and Riccardo Comin

    Yi Tseng, Connor A. Occhialini, Qian Song, Paolo Barone, Sahaj Patel, Meghna Shankar, Raul Acevedo-Esteves, Jiarui Li, Christie Nelson, Silvia Picozzi, Ronny Su- tarto, and Riccardo Comin. Shear-mediated stabilization of spin spiral order in multi- ferroic nii2.Advanced Materials, 37(9):2417434, 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ad ma.202417434. URLhttps...

    work page doi:10.1002/ad 2025

  45. [45]

    Measuring the thermal conductivity of thin films: 3 omega and related electrothermal methods.Annual Review of Heat Transfer, 16, 2013

    Chris Dames. Measuring the thermal conductivity of thin films: 3 omega and related electrothermal methods.Annual Review of Heat Transfer, 16, 2013

    2013

  46. [46]

    D. G. Purdie, N. M. Pugno, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, A. C. Ferrari, and A. Lom- bardo. Cleaning interfaces in layered materials heterostructures.Nat Commun, 9(1): 5387, 2018. ISSN 2041-1723 (Electronic) 2041-1723 (Linking). doi: 10.1038/s41467-0 18-07558-3. URLhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30568160. Purdie, D G Pugno, N M Taniguchi, T Watanabe, K F...

    work page doi:10.1038/s41467-0 2018

  47. [47]

    Blake, E

    P. Blake, E. W. Hill, A. H. Castro Neto, K. S. Novoselov, D. Jiang, R. Yang, T. J. Booth, and A. K. Geim. Making graphene visible.Applied Physics Letters, 91(6):063124, 08

  48. [48]

    doi: 10.1063/1.2768624

    ISSN 0003-6951. doi: 10.1063/1.2768624. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1063/1. 2768624

    work page doi:10.1063/1.2768624

  49. [49]

    Wollman, Harish Ravi, Wei Chen, Aashish A

    Kin Chung Fong, Emma E. Wollman, Harish Ravi, Wei Chen, Aashish A. Clerk, M. D. Shaw, H. G. Leduc, and K. C. Schwab. Measurement of the electronic ther- mal conductance channels and heat capacity of graphene at low temperature.Phys. Rev. X, 3:041008, Oct 2013. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevX.3.041008. URLhttps: //link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevX.3.041008

    work page doi:10.1103/physrevx.3.041008 2013

  50. [50]

    Cahill, and Eric Pop

    Yee Kan Koh, Myung-Ho Bae, David G. Cahill, and Eric Pop. Heat conduction across monolayer and few-layer graphenes.Nano Letters, 10(11):4363–4368, 2010. ISSN 1530-

    2010

  51. [51]

    URLhttps://doi.org/10.1021/nl101790k

    doi: 10.1021/nl101790k. URLhttps://doi.org/10.1021/nl101790k. doi: 10.1021/nl101790k. 33

    work page doi:10.1021/nl101790k