Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models | Paper Citation Record

Observation 00b8b6c4-e5f7-4a6c-a1db-f63eead13471 · outbound

This paper cites URL https://www.atkins onailaw.com/intersecting- ai/litigation-tracker.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models URL https://www.atkins onailaw.com/intersecting- ai/litigation-tracker

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:06.626849Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f13122b2-44b0-4740-84b9-653ccede537a · outbound

This paper cites URL https://chatgptiseatingt heworld.com.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models URL https://chatgptiseatingt heworld.com

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:06.663935Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6cfd5b58-42ee-4813-a577-2fed7959e4dd · outbound

This paper cites Anthropic PBC.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Anthropic PBC

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:06.712997Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8af778af-f4e0-4e43-9d47-15d03544e560 · outbound

This paper cites Meta Platforms, Inc.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Meta Platforms, Inc

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:06.733768Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3720ff9f-aa01-4e3c-b2ef-563d32954c8e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:06.789624Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d46b724c-a3b7-422a-858f-58747c4359c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:06.868862Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 56b273db-0ac7-4e0c-91e2-bbe279ff33b5 · outbound

This paper cites Copyright Infringement Litigation.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Copyright Infringement Litigation

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:06.931552Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 82657d03-8487-4087-b83f-48244656da47 · outbound

This paper cites OpenAI, Inc.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models OpenAI, Inc

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:07.099756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ecfb29a6-e2da-47ca-bd14-c6d8e9bf2dcf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:07.207273Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a5d0f1c2-3ab1-4171-b954-10f41c3becc8 · outbound

This paper cites Stability AI Ltd.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Stability AI Ltd

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:07.328513Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 20090fd0-599b-45e8-9b57-3186fa4c885c · outbound

This paper cites OpenAI Used Song Lyrics in Violation of Copyright Laws, German Court Says.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models OpenAI Used Song Lyrics in Violation of Copyright Laws, German Court Says

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:07.474126Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 49494284-c77f-4f6b-91aa-696db8c4fd3b · outbound

This paper cites Stability AI Limited.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Stability AI Limited

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:07.569447Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4f24d6bc-38cd-429c-a0d6-402d479af170 · outbound

This paper cites The Files are in the Computer: On Copyright, Memorization, and Generative AI.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models The Files are in the Computer: On Copyright, Memorization, and Generative AI

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:07.693606Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7de10430-ec4e-4fb7-858a-294542dad927 · outbound

This paper cites Report of the 1st Workshop on Generative AI and Law.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Report of the 1st Workshop on Generative AI and Law

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:07.865874Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1a537f76-5f8a-4ea6-b7ff-59aef4bde0d5 · outbound

This paper cites Does learning require memorization? A short tale about a long tail.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Does learning require memorization? A short tale about a long tail

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:08.025226Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0a59d786-e9cc-44ae-bca2-9bcbb49579c3 · outbound

This paper cites Membership inference attacks against machine learning models.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Membership inference attacks against machine learning models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:08.252079Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7e3b6a6b-ca4c-4f65-bd2e-06c7a0a658e0 · outbound

This paper cites Extracting training data from large language models.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Extracting training data from large language models

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:08.365914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a002387c-b3d9-4a04-86dc-4afeef14f988 · outbound

This paper cites Deduplicating Training Data Makes Language Models Better.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Deduplicating Training Data Makes Language Models Better

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:08.510057Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 05a7c80d-e914-41f2-8c01-ee7927e66739 · outbound

This paper cites Scalable Extraction of Training Data from (Production) Language Models.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Scalable Extraction of Training Data from (Production) Language Models

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:08.702104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9b93c4d0-3b67-43db-9bf4-4581fdfa3afb · outbound

This paper cites Extracting memorized pieces of (copyrighted) books from open-weight language models.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Extracting memorized pieces of (copyrighted) books from open-weight language models

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:08.847855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b794534b-365c-44d3-b03b-33cba2e7334d · outbound

This paper cites Copyright Violations and Large Language Models.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Copyright Violations and Large Language Models

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:09.107659Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6c1780c8-5b03-45c2-8d1d-2472b68e9ffc · outbound

This paper cites Feder Cooper, Sanmi Koyejo, and Percy Lia ng.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Feder Cooper, Sanmi Koyejo, and Percy Lia ng

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:09.245762Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ba05d39c-5661-4216-94e5-417e74d2cfa3 · outbound

This paper cites Copyright detective: A forensic system to evidence LLMs flickering copyright leakage r isks, 2026.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Copyright detective: A forensic system to evidence LLMs flickering copyright leakage r isks, 2026

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:09.400660Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dc3fdf8a-09e0-4afd-b711-65a5e1fc4f1f · outbound

This paper cites Estimating near-verbatim extraction risk in language models with decoding-constrained beam search.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Estimating near-verbatim extraction risk in language models with decoding-constrained beam search

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:09.658975Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 162d0ff7-2eeb-4d10-be11-d9c9fb94c49d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:09.830924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8b2a6f00-29b3-4da1-8eac-5a8a02a48a5f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:10.088783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d24da000-e95d-45b5-84bc-3ebd58c50e71 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:10.236028Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 58a6baf6-ed5a-4f28-83f4-c70f18441a12 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:10.380738Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c4a4d695-1d5d-4d26-bccf-78a5cbd56371 · outbound

This paper cites Extracting Training Data from Diffusion Models, 2023.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Extracting Training Data from Diffusion Models, 2023

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:10.518841Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f2ea1103-2611-4a84-b23a-e910e052c071 · outbound

This paper cites What my privacy papers (don’t) have to say abo ut copyright and generative AI, 2025.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models What my privacy papers (don’t) have to say abo ut copyright and generative AI, 2025

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:10.673354Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e18c3ee4-be77-410e-a677-99901bfe75b8 · outbound

This paper cites Rethinking LLM Memorization through the Lens of Adversarial Compression.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Rethinking LLM Memorization through the Lens of Adversarial Compression

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:10.929182Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f8ca8aba-604e-4c92-aa7f-e64472853cd9 · outbound

This paper cites Training Foundation Models as Data Compression: On Information, Model Weights and Copyright Law.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Training Foundation Models as Data Compression: On Information, Model Weights and Copyright Law

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:11.098275Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b8d68de2-98c7-4d43-ad8b-d3466c775767 · outbound

This paper cites Copyright and Artificial Intelligence Part 3: Generative AI Training.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Copyright and Artificial Intelligence Part 3: Generative AI Training

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:11.278560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d5695af8-fdb6-4aa5-b2fa-2fd66e288525 · outbound

This paper cites The Heart of the Matter: Copyright, AI Trainin g, and LLMs.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models The Heart of the Matter: Copyright, AI Trainin g, and LLMs

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:11.404122Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 670ae6ff-2394-43c7-be97-0e35007581d6 · outbound

This paper cites Pseudo -Expressions: An Expanded conception of th e Work in Copyright Law, 2025.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Pseudo -Expressions: An Expanded conception of th e Work in Copyright Law, 2025

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:11.490702Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5cffad89-1e11-4481-a4c2-cfd193276fa9 · outbound

This paper cites Privacy and Power: Computer Databases and Metaphors for I nformation Privacy.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Privacy and Power: Computer Databases and Metaphors for I nformation Privacy

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:11.568884Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d50e81ba-c777-45b2-b336-20a17f894bb7 · outbound

This paper cites Talkin' 'Bout AI Generation: Copyright and the Generative-AI Supply Chain.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Talkin' 'Bout AI Generation: Copyright and the Generative-AI Supply Chain

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:11.698438Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0d8af409-e534-4835-94db-32c8490492ed · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:11.832114Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f943e7f8-219e-449c-8a55-868473ce19d9 · outbound

This paper cites Porter, and Aneesh Papp u.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Porter, and Aneesh Papp u

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:11.911847Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d9cf75dc-dd2c-47ce-b016-8d34e1d5de00 · outbound

This paper cites Language Modeling Is Compression.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Language Modeling Is Compression

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.093937Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 37bde552-9ec5-4b0f-9dd6-32a14c3e95fa · outbound

This paper cites Feder Cooper, Christopher A.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Feder Cooper, Christopher A

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.211760Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a55e6269-cd63-4476-9609-2ab88ef25cbe · outbound

This paper cites Anthropic PBC’s Opposition to Plaintiffs’ Motion for Preliminary Injunction at 4, Concord Music Grp., Inc.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Anthropic PBC’s Opposition to Plaintiffs’ Motion for Preliminary Injunction at 4, Concord Music Grp., Inc

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.341180Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fddca04e-4c2e-47ad-81c5-97b245f427c4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.461043Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4a2e1039-5d2a-4aa9-8145-ca5e95b50613 · outbound

This paper cites Stability AI, Ltd.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Stability AI, Ltd

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.584675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 58f3995b-5148-43c5-a3fa-f06cb35da590 · outbound

This paper cites Copyright’s Jagged Frontier.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Copyright’s Jagged Frontier

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.694751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d2eeec1f-e004-4a3f-a344-43198cdb6900 · outbound

This paper cites The Universal Lexicon: Generative AI Chatbots and Fair Use of Works in a Training Corpus.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models The Universal Lexicon: Generative AI Chatbots and Fair Use of Works in a Training Corpus

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.788865Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 214f2a66-4c04-48d4-885d-52d3fd48949c · outbound

This paper cites Feder Cooper, Jonathan Frankle, and Christopher De Sa.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Feder Cooper, Jonathan Frankle, and Christopher De Sa

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.890780Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 60da6740-9341-4593-ad83-1ac14918e8ce · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:12.991250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a09c5382-25ee-461a-ad0f-420a4c6f6eda · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5 Technical Report.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Qwen2.5 Technical Report

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:13.189202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1e914e59-f2a6-46fb-b683-b72d8fb895ba · outbound

This paper cites Preventing Generation of Verbatim Memorization in Language Models Gives a False Sense of Privacy.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Preventing Generation of Verbatim Memorization in Language Models Gives a False Sense of Privacy

Reference 50

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:13.318632Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 51a05096-618c-4017-bd6b-d2ecac8864ac · outbound

This paper cites ChatGPT is a Blurry JPEG of the Web.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models ChatGPT is a Blurry JPEG of the Web

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:13.507022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 834c0ebe-35f9-4aad-a0af-142347c926ce · outbound

This paper cites These 183,000 Books Are Fueling the Biggest Fight in Publishing and Tech.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models These 183,000 Books Are Fueling the Biggest Fight in Publishing and Tech

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:13.663285Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 79886532-86bb-4607-ba30-6c4d8b9cac27 · outbound

This paper cites Feder Cooper, James Grimmelmann, and Daphne Ippolito.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Feder Cooper, James Grimmelmann, and Daphne Ippolito

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:13.836498Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7c08dde2-28c7-4a01-9dc4-ccaa22d67e2d · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Non -Adversarial Reproduction of Training Data in Large Language Models.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Measuring Non -Adversarial Reproduction of Training Data in Large Language Models

Reference 54

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:13.951169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 745965e5-9008-4147-be37-cd29e8ec27d1 · outbound

This paper cites TokenSwap: A Lightweight Method to Disrupt Memo-rized Sequences in LLMs.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models TokenSwap: A Lightweight Method to Disrupt Memo-rized Sequences in LLMs

Reference 55

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.187977Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7c5af969-32e3-454b-90cc-ac7612f7043a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.071058Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df1367db-107e-4d65-b939-3ef4dcf8b127 · outbound

This paper cites Extractable Memorization From First Principles.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Extractable Memorization From First Principles

Reference 57

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.417096Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bba9b62f-5262-4613-afe2-8dd2d3054220 · outbound

This paper cites Choquette -Choo, Katherine Lee, and A.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Choquette -Choo, Katherine Lee, and A

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.305145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a359a7c0-0f9b-4beb-af09-8f45cf6b9b82 · outbound

This paper cites How Much Information Do LLMs Really Memorize? Now We Know, Thanks to Meta, Google, Nvidia and Cornell.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models How Much Information Do LLMs Really Memorize? Now We Know, Thanks to Meta, Google, Nvidia and Cornell

Reference 59

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.644342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f0a9c163-9eba-4b84-a109-ac6aff7f7fd7 · outbound

This paper cites How much do language models memorize?.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models How much do language models memorize?

Reference 60

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.529975Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c8cea7f9-af52-4e8b-bd87-b5f801d98b52 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.878949Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a955b218-d4d7-420d-894b-65581ca842ab · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.813429Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fd2705ae-9ae8-4c3f-bd7d-c9babbe8bc1b · outbound

This paper cites The Fallacy of the File: How the Memorisation Metaphor Misguides Copyright Law and Stifles AI Innovation, 2025.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models The Fallacy of the File: How the Memorisation Metaphor Misguides Copyright Law and Stifles AI Innovation, 2025

Reference 63

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.021037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2056b3e6-0abb-4a3a-8467-f7cc0ba6a2f8 · outbound

This paper cites Quantifying Memorization Across Neural Language Models.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Quantifying Memorization Across Neural Language Models

Reference 64

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:14.948301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1efe26ce-2763-477d-bb66-315aca128977 · outbound

This paper cites Cover and Joy A.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Cover and Joy A

Reference 65

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-02T01:53:24.863512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 2d73ba85-4220-4048-8e05-cee0a83923aa · outbound

This paper cites Low-Resource.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Low-Resource

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.061633Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25602cce-ab73-4b26-bb70-31f52c1c89e1 · outbound

This paper cites Anthony Reese.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Anthony Reese

Reference 67

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.244111Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e6cf782a-fcd6-446d-bbeb-ff297f1f85b8 · outbound

This paper cites We Should Separate Memorization from Copyright, 2026.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models We Should Separate Memorization from Copyright, 2026

Reference 68

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.188462Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9242d618-61d4-40f2-b24b-30c4d851475a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.262855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8558d083-7c96-4a78-9a6f-8a2ec8827e11 · outbound

This paper cites Copyright, Derivative Works and Fixation: Is Galoob a Mirage, or Does the Form (GEN) of the Alleged Derivative Work Matter? Santa Clara Comp.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Copyright, Derivative Works and Fixation: Is Galoob a Mirage, or Does the Form (GEN) of the Alleged Derivative Work Matter? Santa Clara Comp

Reference 70

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.246977Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8a142c8c-79c7-4ea1-9456-cb326c2b23b6 · outbound

This paper cites Goldstein on Copyright.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Goldstein on Copyright

Reference 71

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.461939Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 72a9070d-d06e-440a-a08a-34c52372123e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 72

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.359944Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f195df09-d11e-4529-bc66-f8a507079431 · outbound

This paper cites Allocating Ownership Rights in Computer - Generated Works.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Allocating Ownership Rights in Computer - Generated Works

Reference 73

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.722211Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 486b37fc-2251-45c5-9df3-129b605ac784 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 74

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.566552Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 83d1026d-dbde-48bb-a6ae-418530e6a723 · outbound

This paper cites Memorization of Copyrighted Works by AI Mod els Under EU Law.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Memorization of Copyrighted Works by AI Mod els Under EU Law

Reference 75

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.943737Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 607b140e-d00b-413f-96e6-659668ecf0fb · outbound

This paper cites Formalizing Human Ingenuity: A Quantitative Framework for Copyright Law’s Substantial 2026] PROBABILISTIC COPIES IN GENERATIVE AI MODELS 51 Similarity.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Formalizing Human Ingenuity: A Quantitative Framework for Copyright Law’s Substantial 2026] PROBABILISTIC COPIES IN GENERATIVE AI MODELS 51 Similarity

Reference 76

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:15.838043Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 15ca0efc-2046-4d4c-8408-5f62390ef87e · outbound

This paper cites (7th Cir.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models (7th Cir

Reference 77

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.178564Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 77508a38-8c28-4c6b-9ae5-82b25ae8733b · outbound

This paper cites Leistner and L.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Leistner and L

Reference 78

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.090776Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0c5e92df-623f-459d-83ba-1e23bc7409e8 · outbound

This paper cites Formgen Inc.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Formgen Inc

Reference 79

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.398132Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a918937e-dca4-4f8d-aabd-203ec591c59e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 80

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.288124Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 871b29a6-16d2-43f3-b6d7-90987f0f34de · outbound

This paper cites Spielberg.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Spielberg

Reference 81

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.626497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 66facac8-2240-41d9-8431-6fe6d3f9354a · outbound

This paper cites Uncharted Labs, Inc.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Uncharted Labs, Inc

Reference 82

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.502176Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 791abe92-4f3d-44ed-98fd-4affbfd36e29 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 83

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.876114Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6a76987b-0d65-4ba8-aa88-0188a13239d2 · outbound

This paper cites Nimmer on Copyright.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Nimmer on Copyright

Reference 84

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.742270Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ce3a79e6-6535-4b76-9bd7-d1fcb3ef7e52 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 85

Resolution: parse uncertain; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:17.266775Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 41f19712-4ffc-47c6-9321-bf829b4c3c83 · outbound

This paper cites Feder Cooper, Daphne Ippolito, Christopher A.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Feder Cooper, Daphne Ippolito, Christopher A

Reference 86

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:16.995108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0284aa6b-86b0-4c88-a894-f639cd90a278 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 87

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:17.127117Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fe142fcb-5c92-4c23-8a4a-9563791726f6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 88

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:17.751282Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e0dbbbad-4f59-4d28-abdb-3c11fee3ebb1 · outbound

This paper cites (9th Cir.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models (9th Cir

Reference 89

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:17.395164Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 24a8216b-37b9-4f84-b2fe-f6125c352dda · outbound

This paper cites CSC Holdings, Inc.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models CSC Holdings, Inc

Reference 90

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:17.576603Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6e240379-8ee5-449e-8201-301f2d157021 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 91

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:18.091881Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8631cb3e-ac9c-4eae-91a4-19bf5a150537 · outbound

This paper cites University Books.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models University Books

Reference 92

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:17.853782Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1f3570ce-2b31-4652-935e-dfbaebf70a80 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 93

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:17.960152Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 57934d0b-441d-4ce0-b256-b2f9fcb013d5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 94

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:18.605109Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d2e1ab29-ae24-47bd-ab97-853354555d10 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 95

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:18.234601Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 48aa614d-628f-409a-8f36-dbfe69c97319 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 96

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:18.408007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1e875596-de29-4d89-ae24-0f5c3b4f36c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 97

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:18.991137Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 03094f1a-d2a4-4c25-8424-036615c2703f · outbound

This paper cites Intellectual Property Law.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Intellectual Property Law

Reference 98

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:18.809237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c4f68483-ec30-4bd8-879a-a9fb7af4103b · outbound

This paper cites Luettgen.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Luettgen

Reference 99

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:18.920639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 538cdeaa-75a2-490a-8317-6ed193f9459d · outbound

This paper cites Justifications for Copyright Limitations and Exceptions.

Probabilistic "Copies" in Generative AI Models Justifications for Copyright Limitations and Exceptions

Reference 100

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T01:52:19.183474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Coverage vector

Reference resolution

Outbound references

Pith citing papers