Pith. sign in

REVIEW 3 major objections 6 minor 53 references

Boosting self hybridized exciton polaritons with metal clad WS2 waveguides

T0 review · 3 major / 6 minor · reviewed 2026-08-12 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗ Review JSON

Pith's one-line read Sandwiching a thin WS2 crystal between two gold layers raises guided-mode exciton–photon coupling to $G=190$ meV, stronger than earlier self-hybridized TMDC systems.

desk verdict A well-executed CL study of a new metal-clad WS2 waveguide geometry, but the headline 190 vs 180 meV boost is a model-dependent 5% difference that needs a sensitivity check before it carries the weight the authors put on it. read the letter →

arxiv 2608.10895 v1 pith:PCKRCUF6 submitted 2026-08-11 quant-ph cond-mat.mes-hallphysics.optics

Filip Majstorovic , Masoud Taleb , Victor DeManuel-Gonzalez , Kai Rossnagel , Nahid Talebi This is my paper · ORCID
classification quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallphysics.optics
keywords exciton-polaritonsstrongcouplingWS2transitionmetaldichalcogenidescathodoluminescencemetal-cladwaveguideHopfieldmodelsurfaceplasmonpolaritons
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

This paper tries to show that a thin WS2 crystal embedded between two gold layers forms a metal-clad waveguide whose own guided optical modes couple to the WS2 A-exciton far more strongly than in an almost uncladded waveguide. In the Au/WS2/Au geometry the authors measure and calculate the mode dispersions, see a clear anticrossing at the 1.97 eV A-exciton, and fit the branches with a Hopfield coupled-oscillator model to extract a coupling strength $G = 190\,\mathrm{meV}$. They compare this with an almost uncladded reference (1 nm gold) that gives $180\,\mathrm{meV}$ and $120\,\mathrm{meV}$, concluding that the gold layers boost the coupling by confining the optical field. If this is right, the structure is a compact, room-temperature platform for self-hybridized exciton polaritons—polaritons formed without an external cavity—with coupling above earlier TMDC waveguides.

What carries the argument

The central object is the planar Au/WS2/Au waveguide, in which the WS2 layer is simultaneously the excitonic medium and the guiding core, and the gold layers act as partially reflecting mirrors that compress the guided field. The argument is carried by three pieces working together: multilayer Maxwell solutions that give the full polariton dispersions; a Drude–Lorentz model of the WS2 permittivity whose exciton and UV oscillators can be removed to define the uncoupled optical mode energy $E_c(k)$; and the Hopfield coupled-oscillator formula $E_{\mathrm{LP,UP}} = \frac{1}{2}(E_b+E_c) \pm \frac{1}{2}\sqrt{(E_b-E_c)^2+4G^2}$, which is fitted to the calculated branches to extract the coupling strength $G$. The metal cladding enters as the control: comparing 50 nm and 1 nm gold layers isolates the field-confinement effect.

What would settle it

Measure the polariton splitting in Au/WS2/Au samples with several gold thicknesses (e.g., 5, 20, 50 nm): the confinement-boost claim predicts $G$ should grow with gold thickness, so a thickness-independent splitting would refute it. Alternatively, re-extract $G$ with a different background permittivity for the uncoupled mode; if the Au-clad value drops to the uncladded value, the boost is an artifact of the subtraction.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The central discovery is that cladding a WS2 waveguide with gold strengthens its self-hybridized exciton–polariton coupling. For WS2 thicknesses around 90–130 nm between 50 nm gold layers, momentum-resolved cathodoluminescence maps show a thickness-dependent guided resonance that approaches the A-exciton at 1.97 eV and anticrosses with it in the thinner flakes, forming lower and upper polariton branches. Solving Maxwell's equations for the layered structure reproduces these branches, and fitting them with the Hopfield formula yields $G = 190\,\mathrm{meV}$ for both the guided mode and the bent WS2 light line. Replacing the gold cladding by 1 nm gold—an almost uncladded waveguide—reduces the guided-mode coupling to $180\,\mathrm{meV}$ and introduces a second guided mode with $120\,\mathrm{meV}$, while the light-line coupling stays at $190\,\mathrm{meV}$. The authors conclude that the gold layers enhance coupling by increasing the optical field confinement in the WS2 layer, and they support the mode assignment with spatially resolved cathodoluminescence and transition-radiation/SPP interference analysis.

Load-bearing premise

The reported coupling strength assumes that the 'uncoupled' waveguide mode is correctly obtained by deleting the exciton resonances from the WS2 material response, so every remaining splitting can be credited to exciton–photon coupling.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • Au/WS2/Au waveguides with roughly 90–130 nm of WS2 can host clearly resolved lower and upper polariton branches inside the light cone, making the strong coupling directly observable in far-field cathodoluminescence.
  • The extracted $G = 190\,\mathrm{meV}$ exceeds the values reported for WSe2 thin flakes ($120\,\mathrm{meV}$) and WS2 nanotube waveguides ($163\,\mathrm{meV}$), putting this geometry above the earlier TMDC self-hybridized couplings.
  • Because the lower polariton branch is nearly flat inside the light cone, the slow guided mode increases the effective interaction time and photonic density of states, which the authors link to enhanced light–matter interaction and to candidate settings for polariton condensation.
  • The gold cladding both moves the guided mode into the radiatively accessible momentum range and sharpens the coupling, so the structure offers a cavity-free route to controlling exciton–photon interactions in hybrid heterostructures.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • A natural next experiment is to sweep the gold thickness continuously and plot the extracted $G$: the confinement mechanism predicts a monotonic increase with gold thickness, whereas a nearly constant $G$ would point to the WS2 layer itself rather than the metal as the source of the strong coupling.
  • The 1 nm-gold reference is a proxy, not a bare WS2 waveguide; comparing against a truly uncladded or dielectric-clad flake of the same thickness would separate the metal's field-confinement role from the mere addition of symmetric cladding.
  • The nearly flat lower polariton branch suggests studying power-dependent cathodoluminescence or photoluminescence for nonlinear polariton signatures such as condensation or lasing, which the present paper does not address.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

3 major / 6 minor

Summary. The paper investigates Au/WS2/Au metal-clad waveguides as a platform for self-hybridized exciton-polaritons. It presents momentum-resolved cathodoluminescence measurements on WS2 flakes of varying thickness embedded between gold layers, and compares them with calculated dispersions from a multilayer Maxwell solver using literature optical constants. The central quantitative claim is that embedding WS2 in the metal-clad waveguide 'significantly boosts' the coupling strength to G = 190 meV, compared with G = 180 meV for a nearly uncladded structure (1 nm gold) and with previously reported values of 120-163 meV for other TMDC systems. The coupling strength is not measured directly but extracted by fitting the lossless Hopfield formula (Eq. 3) to calculated polariton branches, using an uncoupled mode E_c obtained from a background permittivity that removes all excitonic and UV oscillators (Eq. 5). The paper also assigns vertical interference fringes in the CL maps to TR-SPP interference and analyzes mode field profiles.

Significance. If the result holds, the Au/WS2/Au geometry would provide a compact planar platform for self-hybridized exciton-polaritons with large coupling strengths, and the observation of a nearly dispersionless lower polariton branch is interesting for slow-light and polariton condensation studies. The paper's strengths include the combined experimental CL and theoretical mode analysis, the clear identification of the guided-mode anticrossing, and the explicit Drude-Lorentz parametrization of the WS2 permittivity (Table 1). However, the headline claim of a significant boost rests on a ~5% difference between two model-extracted values (G = 190 vs 180 meV) whose uncertainty is not quantified, and on a comparison baseline (1 nm gold) that is not a bare WS2 waveguide. The significance is therefore conditional on a sensitivity analysis of the background subtraction and a proper baseline.

major comments (3)
  1. [§2.2, Eq. (5)] The extracted coupling strength G depends on the choice of the uncoupled optical mode E_c, defined by replacing the full WS2 permittivity with the Drude-plus-constant background of Eq. (5), which removes the A, B, C, and UV oscillators. This background is not unique; retaining or modifying any of the removed oscillators, or using a different reference permittivity, would shift E_c(k) and hence change the fitted G. The paper provides no sensitivity analysis for this choice. Since the central claim is a 10 meV difference between two G values, this arbitrariness is load-bearing and must be addressed.
  2. [§2.2, Fig. 5 and Conclusions] The claim that the gold layers 'significantly boost' the coupling is not supported by the paper's own numbers. In Fig. 5, the full Au/WS2/Au structure gives G = 190 meV for the guided mode, while the almost uncladded structure (1 nm gold) gives G = 180 meV for the corresponding guided mode and G = 190 meV for the bent WS2 light line. The enhancement is therefore only 190 vs 180 meV (about 5%), and the same maximum G = 190 meV already occurs in the nearly uncladded structure. Moreover, the 1 nm gold layer is only a proxy for an uncladded waveguide, not a real bare WS2 waveguide; the authors should either compute the bare-WS2 case explicitly or temper the 'significant boost' language.
  3. [§2.2, Eq. (3)] The values of G are obtained by fitting the lossless Hopfield formula (Eq. 3) to dispersions computed with a lossy Maxwell model, yet the paper does not report the fit quality, the number of fitted points, or any uncertainty in G. Without error bars, a 10 meV difference between two fitted values cannot be distinguished from systematic model error. The authors should provide confidence intervals for G, or at least show that the fit residuals are small compared with the claimed difference.
minor comments (6)
  1. [Abstract] There is a typo in the abstract: 'increased couplingr strength' should be 'increased coupling strength'.
  2. [§2.1] Several quantities lack proper spacing, e.g., 'approximately50nm' and '200 µm' should be written with spaces; similarly, in the caption of Fig. 5, 'are190 meV' should read 'are 190 meV'.
  3. [§2.2] The 'bent WS2 light line' is introduced without a definition; please clarify what this mode is, how it arises, and why it is fitted separately from the guided mode.
  4. [§2.2] The interpretation that the gold layers enhance coupling 'by increasing the optical field confinement' is not quantitatively supported: the field profiles in Fig. 4 are shown but not related to the extracted G values. A quantitative overlap or confinement factor calculation would strengthen this statement.
  5. [Eq. (1)] The symbols k||, n_eff, and L_eff are used before they are defined; please define all symbols in the text preceding the equation.
  6. [References] Reference [39] appears to be dated 2026; please verify the publication status and update if it is still in press.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 1.0 of 10

No significant circularity: the coupling strength is obtained by fitting a Hopfield model to independently computed Maxwell-solver dispersions, not by renaming a fitted parameter or by importing a self-cited result as the central evidence.

full rationale

The central derivation is self-contained. The dispersions in Figures 4 and 5 are obtained by solving Maxwell's equations for the layered Au/WS2/Au geometry using tabulated optical constants of gold and WS2 from the literature (Yakubovsky et al. and Vyshnevyy et al.). The coupling strength G is then extracted by fitting the Hopfield formula, Eq. (3), to the calculated lower and upper polariton branches. G is therefore a fitted output of an independent electromagnetic calculation, not a parameter fitted to the target claim. The uncoupled mode energy Ec(k) is obtained by replacing the WS2 permittivity with the background model of Eq. (5), which removes the A, B, C and UV oscillators. This is a modeling choice with some arbitrariness, and the absence of a sensitivity analysis is a legitimate correctness/robustness concern, but it is not circular: the background subtraction does not assume the value of G, and G is not encoded in Ec by construction. The comparison between 50 nm gold cladding and 1 nm gold cladding is a parameter sweep of the same procedure; the claimed enhancement is small (190 vs 180 meV) and the 1 nm gold layer is only a proxy for an uncladded waveguide, but again these are evidential weaknesses, not circular reductions. The self-citations included in the paper (e.g., Refs. [21], [31], [39]) are used for context, comparison, or methodological background, and the central claim about gold cladding does not rest on any unverified result imported from those works. No step in the derivation chain reduces by definition to its own inputs, and no fitted input is renamed as a prediction. The paper therefore does not exhibit significant circularity.

Assumptions & free parameters 4 free parameters · 5 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The central G value rests on fitted material parameters (Table 1), a model-dependent definition of the uncoupled mode, and a comparison baseline with 1 nm gold. These are the main unverified inputs; no invented entities are used.

free parameters (4)
  • Drude-Lorentz WS2 permittivity parameters = Table 1; e.g. A_A=0.2536, gamma_ex,A=0.0478 eV, E_p=1.9761 eV
    Fitted to the literature WS2 permittivity [42] to reproduce the excitonic resonances; the A-exciton oscillator strength and damping directly determine the extracted coupling G.
  • Hopfield coupling strength G = 190 meV (50 nm Au); 180 and 120 meV (1 nm Au)
    Free parameter in Eq. (3) fitted to calculated lower/upper polariton branches; no experimental extraction or uncertainty given.
  • Effective SPP-TR propagation length L_eff = 2.8 um and 8 um
    Chosen by hand to reproduce the vertical TR-SPP interference fringes in Figs. 3(a,b); not independently measured.
  • Inferred WS2 thicknesses for flakes (c)-(e) = 110, 95, 90 nm
    Inferred by matching measured to calculated dispersions rather than measured with AFM; this uses the same model later used for the strong-coupling analysis.
assumptions (5)
  • standard math Maxwell's equations and multilayer optics describe the optical modes of the layered Au/WS2/Au geometry.
    Used for all dispersion and field-profile calculations, following the approach in ref [40].
  • domain assumption The WS2 A-exciton is a single Lorentz oscillator with parameters fitted to literature optical constants.
    Eq. (4) and Table 1; the extracted G is set by the oscillator strength A_A and damping gamma_ex,A.
  • domain assumption The two-oscillator Hopfield model with rotating-wave approximation describes the coupled guided mode and exciton.
    Eqs. (2)-(3); ignores multiple modes, spatial field variation, and possible corrections at G/E_b ~ 0.1.
  • ad hoc to paper Removing all excitonic and UV oscillators from the WS2 permittivity gives the true uncoupled optical mode E_c.
    Section 2.2, Eqs. (4)-(5); no uniqueness or sensitivity analysis for this background subtraction.
  • ad hoc to paper A 1 nm gold layer approximates an almost uncladded WS2 waveguide.
    Section 2.2, Fig. 5(c,d); 1 nm Au is not optically equivalent to bare WS2, so the baseline is approximate.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Boosting self hybridized exciton polaritons with metal clad WS2 waveguides." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/PCKRCUF6

@misc{pith2026260810895,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Boosting self hybridized exciton polaritons with metal clad WS2 waveguides},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/PCKRCUF6}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2608.10895}
}
read the original abstract

The formation of Fabry Perot and guided wave self hybridized exciton polaritons in two dimensional materials results in long range exciton energy transfer and strong exciton exciton interactions. Here, we demonstrate that the coupling strength between photonic modes and excitons is significantly boosted by embedding the active excitonic layer in a metal clad WS2 waveguide. The photonic modes in this waveguide exhibit modified dispersion properties for both Fabry Perot type and guided wave exciton polaritons compared to pure WS2 flakes, and show an increased couplingr strength. Our results provide a robust approach for controlling exciton photon interactions and their coupling strength in hybrid heterostructures.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2608.10895 by the authors.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Momentum-resolved cathodoluminescence spectra of Au/WS2/Au samples. The WS2 thicknesses in (a) and (b) were independently determined by AFM to be 130 nm and 120 nm, while the thicknesses in (c)–(e) were estimated by comparison with the calculated dispersion relations shown in (f)–(j). The grey dashed line indicates the A-exciton energy at 1.97 eV. (f)–(j) Calculated dispersion relations of an idealized Au/WS2/Au sys… view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. (a) SEM image of the WS2 flake with a thickness of approximately 130 nm. (b) Spatially resolved CL map acquired over a distance of 1 µm along the path indicated by the white arrow in (a). A pronounced resonance is observed around 750 nm, which is associated with the lower polariton branch of the guided mode identified in the momentum-resolved CL spectrum in [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Experimental angle-resolved cathodoluminescence spectra of Au/WS2/Au flakes with WS2 thicknesses of (a) 120 nm and (b) 130 nm, corresponding to the samples already shown in [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p006_3.png] view at source ↗
Figures from the paper (2 more)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: (a,b) Calculated dispersion relations of idealized Au/WS2/Au structures with WS2 thicknesses of 130 nm and 95 nm, including the region outside the light cone. The white dots mark the positions at which the corresponding field profiles shown in (c)–(f) were calculated. …
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: (a) Calculated dispersion relation of the Au/WS2/Au structure with a WS2 thickness of 130 nm and a gold thickness of 50 nm, including the region outside the light cone. Hopfield fits to the lower and upper polariton branches of the guided mode and of the bent light lin…

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

53 extracted references · 29 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    Strong coupling between colloidal quantum dots and a microcavity with hybrid structure at room temperature.Photonics Research, 10(4):913, 2022

    Zhen Zhen, Si-Yue Jin, Ren Jie, Hai-Yao Liang, and Xing-Sheng Xu. Strong coupling between colloidal quantum dots and a microcavity with hybrid structure at room temperature.Photonics Research, 10(4):913, 2022. doi: 10.1364/PRJ.448781

    work page doi:10.1364/prj.448781 2022

  2. [2]

    Barrow, Oren A

    Rohit Chikkaraddy, Bart de Nijs, Felix Benz, Steven J. Barrow, Oren A. Scherman, Edina Rosta, Angela Demetriadou, Peter Fox, Ortwin Hess, and Jeremy J. Baumberg. Single-molecule strong coupling at room temperature in plasmonic nanocavities.Nature, 535(7610):127–130, 2016. doi: 10.1038/nature17974

    doi:10.1038/nature17974 2016

  3. [3]

    Yankovich, Battulga Munkhbat, Denis G

    Andrew B. Yankovich, Battulga Munkhbat, Denis G. Baranov, Jorge Cuadra, Erik Olsén, Hugo Lourenço-Martins, Luiz H. G. Tizei, Mathieu Kociak, Eva Olsson, and Timur Shegai. Visualizing spatial variations of plasmon–exciton polaritons at the nanoscale using electron microscopy.Nano Letters, 19(11):8171–8181, 2019. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03534. 10

    work page doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03534 2019

  4. [4]

    Room- temperature strong coupling between a single quantum dot and a single plasmonic nanoparticle

    Jun-Yu Li, Wei Li, Jin Liu, Jie Zhong, Renming Liu, Huanjun Chen, and Xue-Hua Wang. Room- temperature strong coupling between a single quantum dot and a single plasmonic nanoparticle. Nano Letters, 22(12):4686–4693, 2022. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00606

    doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00606 2022

  5. [5]

    Plasmon–exciton strong coupling in low- dimensional materials: From fundamentals to hybrid nanophotonic platforms.Nanomaterials, 15 (19):1463, 2025

    Peipei Zhao, Chengxi Lü, Siyi Sun, and Fan Wu. Plasmon–exciton strong coupling in low- dimensional materials: From fundamentals to hybrid nanophotonic platforms.Nanomaterials, 15 (19):1463, 2025. doi: 10.3390/nano15191463

    work page doi:10.3390/nano15191463 2025

  6. [6]

    Strong light–matter interactions of exciton in bulk WS2 and a toroidal dipole resonance.Optics Letters, 48(6):1530,

    Shaojun You, Ying Zhang, Menghui Fan, Shengyun Luo, and Chaobiao Zhou. Strong light–matter interactions of exciton in bulk WS2 and a toroidal dipole resonance.Optics Letters, 48(6):1530,

    work page

  7. [7]

    Yuan Luo, Jiaxin Zhao, Antonio Fieramosca, Quanbing Guo, Haifeng Kang, Xiaoze Liu, Timothy C. H. Liew, Daniele Sanvitto, Zhiyuan An, Sanjib Ghosh, Ziyu Wang, Hongxing Xu, and Qihua Xiong. Strong light-matter coupling in van der waals materials.Light: Science & Applications, 13 (1):203, 2024. doi: 10.1038/s41377-024-01523-0

    doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01523-0 2024

  8. [8]

    Törmä and W

    P. Törmä and W. L. Barnes. Strong coupling between surface plasmon polaritons and emitters: a review.Reports on Progress in Physics, 78(1):013901, 2015. doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/78/1/013901

    doi:10.1088/0034-4885/78/1/013901 2015

Show all 53 references
  1. [10]

    Recent developments on polariton lasers.Progress in Quantum Electronics, 83:100399, 2022

    Long Zhang, Jiaqi Hu, Jinqi Wu, Rui Su, Zhanghai Chen, Qihua Xiong, and Hui Deng. Recent developments on polariton lasers.Progress in Quantum Electronics, 83:100399, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.pquantelec.2022.100399

    2022

  2. [11]

    Harder, Meng Sun, Oleg A

    Tristan H. Harder, Meng Sun, Oleg A. Egorov, Ihor Vakulchyk, Johannes Beierlein, Philipp Gagel, Monika Emmerling, Christian Schneider, Ulf Peschel, Ivan G. Savenko, Sebastian Klembt, and Sven Höfling. Coherent topological polariton laser.ACS Photonics, 8(5):1377–1384, 2021. do...

    2021 doi

  3. [12]

    Nikolis, Andreas Mischok, Bernhard Siegmund, Jonas Kublitski, Xiangkun Jia, Johannes Benduhn, Ulrich Hörmann, Dieter Neher, Malte C

    Vasileios C. Nikolis, Andreas Mischok, Bernhard Siegmund, Jonas Kublitski, Xiangkun Jia, Johannes Benduhn, Ulrich Hörmann, Dieter Neher, Malte C. Gather, Donato Spoltore, and Koen Vandewal. Strong light-matter coupling for reduced photon energy losses in organic photovoltaics....

    2019 doi

  4. [13]

    Fleming, Stéphane Kéna-Cohen, Xiang Zhang, and Wei Bao

    Kai Peng, Renjie Tao, Louis Haeberlé, Quanwei Li, Dafei Jin, Graham R. Fleming, Stéphane Kéna-Cohen, Xiang Zhang, and Wei Bao. Room-temperature polariton quantum fluids in halide perovskites.Nature Communications, 13(1):7388, 2022. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34987-y

    2022 doi

  5. [14]

    Alexey Kavokin, Timothy C. H. Liew, Christian Schneider, Pavlos G. Lagoudakis, Sebastian Klembt, and Sven Höfling. Polariton condensates for classical and quantum computing.Nature Reviews Physics, 4(7):435–451, 2022. doi: 10.1038/s42254-022-00447-1

    2022 doi

  6. [15]

    Glazov, Tony F

    Gang Wang, Alexey Chernikov, Mikhail M. Glazov, Tony F. Heinz, Xavier Marie, Thierry Amand, and Bernhard Urbaszek. Colloquium: Excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides. Reviews of Modern Physics, 90(2):021001, 2018. doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.90.021001

    2018 doi

  7. [16]

    Berkelbach, Heather M

    Alexey Chernikov, Timothy C. Berkelbach, Heather M. Hill, Albert Rigosi, Yilei Li, Burak Aslan, David R. Reichman, Mark S. Hybertsen, and Tony F. Heinz. Exciton binding energy and nonhydrogenic rydberg series in monolayer WS2.Physical Review Letters, 113(7):076802, 2014. doi: ...

    2014 doi

  8. [17]

    Diekmann, Kai Rossnagel, and Nahid Talebi

    Fatemeh Chahshouri, Masoud Taleb, Florian K. Diekmann, Kai Rossnagel, and Nahid Talebi. Interaction of excitons with cherenkov radiation in WSe2 beyond the non-recoil approximation. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 55(14):145101, 2022. doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/ac453a. 11

    2022 doi

  9. [18]

    Jacob B. Khurgin. Two-dimensional exciton-polariton: light guiding by transition metal dichalco- genide monolayers.Optica, 2(8):740, 2015. doi: 10.1364/OPTICA.2.000740

    2015 doi

  10. [19]

    Z. Fei, M. E. Scott, D. J. Gosztola, J. J. Foley, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, H. Wen, P. Zhou, D. W. Zhang, Y. Sun, J. R. Guest, S. K. Gray, W. Bao, G. P. Wiederrecht, and X. Xu. Nano-optical imaging of WSe2 waveguide modes revealing light-exciton interactions.Physical Review B, 94...

    2016 doi

  11. [20]

    Baranov, Michael Stührenberg, Martin Wersäll, Ankit Bisht, and Timur Shegai

    Battulga Munkhbat, Denis G. Baranov, Michael Stührenberg, Martin Wersäll, Ankit Bisht, and Timur Shegai. Self-hybridized exciton-polaritons in multilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides for efficient light absorption.ACS Photonics, 6(1):139–147, 2019. doi: 10.1021/acsphot...

    2019 doi

  12. [21]

    Diekmann, Kai Rossnagel, and Nahid Talebi

    Masoud Taleb, Fatemeh Davoodi, Florian K. Diekmann, Kai Rossnagel, and Nahid Talebi. Charting the exciton–polariton landscape of WSe2 thin flakes by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. Advanced Photonics Research, 3(1):2100124, 2022. doi: 10.1002/adpr.202100124

    2022 doi

  13. [22]

    Direct observation of self-hybridized exciton-polaritons and their valley polarizations in a bare WS2 layer.Advanced Materials, 34(50):2207735, 2022

    Dong-Jin Shin, HyunHee Cho, Junghyun Sung, and Su-Hyun Gong. Direct observation of self-hybridized exciton-polaritons and their valley polarizations in a bare WS2 layer.Advanced Materials, 34(50):2207735, 2022. doi: 10.1002/adma.202207735

    2022 doi

  14. [23]

    Self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in thin films of transition metal dichalcogenides for narrowband perfect absorption.Optics Express, 31(11):18545, 2023

    Xueyang Zong, Lixia Li, Longfei Li, Kun Yu, and Yufang Liu. Self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in thin films of transition metal dichalcogenides for narrowband perfect absorption.Optics Express, 31(11):18545, 2023. doi: 10.1364/OE.488392

    2023 doi

  15. [24]

    Weisbuch, M

    C. Weisbuch, M. Nishioka, A. Ishikawa, and Y. Arakawa. Observation of the coupled exciton- photon mode splitting in a semiconductor quantum microcavity.Physical Review Letters, 69(23): 3314–3317, 1992. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.3314

    1992 doi

  16. [25]

    Dufferwiel, S

    S. Dufferwiel, S. Schwarz, F. Withers, A. A. P. Trichet, F. Li, M. Sich, O. Del Pozo-Zamudio, C. Clark, A. Nalitov, D. D. Solnyshkov, G. Malpuech, K. S. Novoselov, J. M. Smith, M. S. Skolnick, D. N. Krizhanovskii, and A. I. Tartakovskii. Exciton–polaritons in van der waals het...

    2015 doi

  17. [26]

    L. C. Flatten, Z. He, D. M. Coles, A. A. P. Trichet, A. W. Powell, R. A. Taylor, J. H. Warner, and J. M. Smith. Room-temperature exciton-polaritons with two-dimensional WS2.Scientific Reports, 6(1):33134, 2016. doi: 10.1038/srep33134

    2016 doi

  18. [27]

    Strong coupling of excitons in patterned few-layer WS2 with guided mode and bound state in the continuum.Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 24(38): 23382–23390, 2022

    Jun Wu and Ye Ming Qing. Strong coupling of excitons in patterned few-layer WS2 with guided mode and bound state in the continuum.Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 24(38): 23382–23390, 2022. doi: 10.1039/D2CP03424G

    2022 doi

  19. [28]

    Alexeev, Dean Kos, Cloudy Carnegie, Will Deacon, Alex Casalis de Pury, Christoph Große, Bart de Nijs, Jan Mertens, Alexander I

    Marie-Elena Kleemann, Rohit Chikkaraddy, Evgeny M. Alexeev, Dean Kos, Cloudy Carnegie, Will Deacon, Alex Casalis de Pury, Christoph Große, Bart de Nijs, Jan Mertens, Alexander I. Tartakovskii, and Jeremy J. Baumberg. Strong-coupling of WSe2 in ultra-compact plasmonic nanocavit...

    2017

  20. [29]

    Dibos, You Zhou, Luis A

    Alan M. Dibos, You Zhou, Luis A. Jauregui, Giovanni Scuri, Dominik S. Wild, Alexander A. High, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Mikhail D. Lukin, Philip Kim, and Hongkun Park. Electrically tunable exciton–plasmon coupling in a WSe2 monolayer embedded in a plasmonic crystal c...

    2019 doi

  21. [30]

    Strong plasmon–exciton coupling in transition metal dichalcogenides and plasmonic nanostructures

    Jiawei Sun, Yang Li, Huatian Hu, Wen Chen, Di Zheng, Shunping Zhang, and Hongxing Xu. Strong plasmon–exciton coupling in transition metal dichalcogenides and plasmonic nanostructures. Nanoscale, 13(8):4408–4419, 2021. doi: 10.1039/D0NR08592H. 12

    2021 doi

  22. [31]

    Fatemeh Davoodi and Nahid Talebi. Plasmon–exciton interactions in nanometer-thick gold–WSe2 multilayer structures: Implications for photodetectors, sensors, and light-emitting devices.ACS Applied Nano Materials, 4(6):6067–6074, 2021. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.1c00889

    2021 doi

  23. [32]

    Naylor, Ho-Seok Ee, Joohee Park, A

    Wenjing Liu, Bumsu Lee, Carl H. Naylor, Ho-Seok Ee, Joohee Park, A. T. Charlie Johnson, and Ritesh Agarwal. Strong exciton–plasmon coupling in MoS2 coupled with plasmonic lattice.Nano Letters, 16(2):1262–1269, 2016. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04588

    2016 doi

  24. [33]

    Godiksen, Alberto G

    Shaojun Wang, Quynh Le-Van, Fabio Vaianella, Bjorn Maes, Simone Eizagirre Barker, Rasmus H. Godiksen, Alberto G. Curto, and Jaime Gomez Rivas. Limits to strong coupling of excitons in multilayer WS2 with collective plasmonic resonances.ACS Photonics, 6(2):286–293, 2019. doi: 1...

    2019 doi

  25. [34]

    Strong coupling between WS2 monolayer excitons and a hybrid plasmon polariton at room temperature.Nanophotonics, 13 (15):2847–2856, 2024

    Yuhao Zhang, Hans-Joachim Schill, Stephan Irsen, and Stefan Linden. Strong coupling between WS2 monolayer excitons and a hybrid plasmon polariton at room temperature.Nanophotonics, 13 (15):2847–2856, 2024. doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2024-0021

    2024 doi

  26. [35]

    P. A. D. Gonçalves, L. P. Bertelsen, Sanshui Xiao, and N. Asger Mortensen. Plasmon-exciton polaritons in two-dimensional semiconductor/metal interfaces.Physical Review B, 97(4):041402,

  27. [36]

    Polyakov, Roi Levi, Tatyana V

    Lena Yadgarov, Bojana Višić, Tsafrir Abir, Ron Tenne, Alexander Yu. Polyakov, Roi Levi, Tatyana V. Dolgova, Varvara V. Zubyuk, Andrey A. Fedyanin, Eugene A. Goodilin, Tal Ellenbogen, Reshef Tenne, and Dan Oron. Strong light–matter interaction in tungsten disulfide nanotubes. P...

    2018 doi

  28. [37]

    Interaction of electron beams with optical nanostructures and metamaterials: from coherent photon sources towards shaping the wave function.Journal of Optics, 19(10):103001,

    Nahid Talebi. Interaction of electron beams with optical nanostructures and metamaterials: from coherent photon sources towards shaping the wave function.Journal of Optics, 19(10):103001,

  29. [38]

    Javier García de Abajo

    F. Javier García de Abajo. Optical excitations in electron microscopy.Reviews of Modern Physics, 82(1):209–275, 2010. doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.82.209

    2010 doi

  30. [39]

    Bittorf, Maximilian Black, Hebrew Crispin, Prabhdeep Singh, Parsa Darman, Sara Darbari, Fatemeh Chahshouri, Masoud Taleb, and Nahid Talebi

    Paul H. Bittorf, Maximilian Black, Hebrew Crispin, Prabhdeep Singh, Parsa Darman, Sara Darbari, Fatemeh Chahshouri, Masoud Taleb, and Nahid Talebi. Long-range exciton energy transfer in two-dimensional materials.Laser & Photonics Reviews, 20, 4 2026. ISSN 1863-8880. doi: 10.10...

    2026 doi

  31. [40]

    Springer Interna- tional Publishing, Cham, 2019

    Nahid Talebi.Near-Field-Mediated Photon–Electron Interactions, volume 228. Springer Interna- tional Publishing, Cham, 2019. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-33816-9

    2019 doi

  32. [41]

    Yakubovsky, Aleksey V

    Dmitry I. Yakubovsky, Aleksey V. Arsenin, Yury V. Stebunov, Dmitry Yu. Fedyanin, and Valentyn S. Volkov. Optical constants and structural properties of thin gold films.Optics Express, 25(21):25574, 2017. doi: 10.1364/OE.25.025574

    2017 doi

  33. [42]

    Vyshnevyy, Georgy A

    Andrey A. Vyshnevyy, Georgy A. Ermolaev, Dmitriy V. Grudinin, Kirill V. Voronin, Ivan Kharichkin, Arslan Mazitov, Ivan A. Kruglov, Dmitry I. Yakubovsky, Prabhash Mishra, Roman V. Kirtaev, Aleksey V. Arsenin, Kostya S. Novoselov, Luis Martin-Moreno, and Valentyn S. Volkov. van ...

    2023 doi

  34. [43]

    Coenen and N

    T. Coenen and N. M. Haegel. Cathodoluminescence for the 21st century: Learning more from light.Applied Physics Reviews, 4(3):031103, 2017. doi: 10.1063/1.4985767

    2017 doi

  35. [44]

    Slow light in photonic crystals.Nature Photonics, 2(8):465–473, 2008

    Toshihiko Baba. Slow light in photonic crystals.Nature Photonics, 2(8):465–473, 2008. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2008.146. 13

    2008 doi

  36. [45]

    Jesper Mørk and Torben R. Nielsen. On the use of slow light for enhancing waveguide properties. Optics Letters, 35(17):2834–2836, 2010. doi: 10.1364/OL.35.002834

    2010 doi

  37. [46]

    Exciton-polariton bose-einstein condensation

    Hui Deng, Hartmut Haug, and Yoshihisa Yamamoto. Exciton-polariton bose-einstein condensation. Reviews of Modern Physics, 82(2):1489–1537, 2010. doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.82.1489

    2010 doi

  38. [47]

    Becker, Christoph Lienau, Mathieu Kociak, and Peter A

    Surong Guo, Nahid Talebi, Alfredo Campos, Wilfried Sigle, Martin Esmann, Simon F. Becker, Christoph Lienau, Mathieu Kociak, and Peter A. van Aken. Far-field radiation of three-dimensional plasmonic gold tapers near apexes.ACS Photonics, 6(10):2509–2516, 2019. doi: 10.1021/ acs...

    2019

  39. [48]

    Schilder, Harshal Agrawal, Erik C

    Nick J. Schilder, Harshal Agrawal, Erik C. Garnett, and Albert Polman. Phase-resolved surface plasmon scattering probed by cathodoluminescence holography.ACS Photonics, 7(6):1476–1482,

  40. [49]

    Kuttge, E

    M. Kuttge, E. J. R. Vesseur, A. F. Koenderink, H. J. Lezec, H. A. Atwater, F. J. García de Abajo, and A. Polman. Local density of states, spectrum, and far-field interference of surface plasmon polaritons probed by cathodoluminescence.Physical Review B, 79(11):113405, 2009. do...

    2009 doi

  41. [50]

    J. J. Hopfield. Theory of the contribution of excitons to the complex dielectric constant of crystals. Physical Review, 112(5):1555–1567, 1958. doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.112.1555. 14

    1958 doi

  42. [2017]

    doi: 10.1088/2040-8986/aa8041

    doi

  43. [2018]

    doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.97.041402

    doi

  44. [2020]

    doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00209

    doi

  45. [2023]

    doi: 10.1364/OL.481063

    doi

Pith tools

Reviewed August 12, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.