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Self-Interacting Dark Sectors in Supernovae Can Behave as a Relativistic Fluid

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arxiv 2404.07714 v2 pith:2BDPHCE7 submitted 2024-04-11 hep-ph astro-ph.COastro-ph.HE

classification hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HE
keywords darkboundsfluidparticlesregimerelativisticsectorsself-interacting
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We revisit supernova (SN) bounds on a hidden sector consisting of millicharged particles $\chi$ and a massless dark photon. Unless the self-coupling is fine-tuned to be small, rather than exiting the SN core as a gas, the particles form a relativistic fluid and subsequent dark QED fireball, streaming out against the drag due to the interaction with matter. Novel bounds due to excessive energy deposition in the mantle of low-energy SNe can be obtained. The cooling bounds from SN 1987A are unexpectedly not affected in the free-streaming regime. The inclusion of $\chi\bar{\chi}\rightarrow \rm SM$ substantially modifies the constraints in the trapping regime, which can only be treated hydrodynamically. Our results can be adapted to generic sub-GeV self-interacting dark sectors.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Solar Reflected Dark Matter under the Influence of a Dark Magnetic Field

    hep-ph 2025-10 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    For dark photon masses m_V ≲ 10⁻¹⁵ eV and dark matter masses m_χ ≲ 0.1 MeV, the solar dark magnetic field shields the core, weakening the solar-reflected dark matter reach of XENONnT and CDEX-10.

  2. Migdal Ionization as a Probe of Light Dark Matter from Nuclear Transition

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Migdal ionization of reactor-produced sub-MeV dark matter in TEXONO germanium yields new 95% C.L. limits on the reference DM–proton cross section for 0.01 MeV ≤ mχ ≲ 2.6 MeV.

  3. Constraints on millicharged particles from nuclear gamma-decays

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Nuclear gamma cascades in reactors produce millicharged particle pairs, giving the strongest constraints on millicharge for masses between 0.7 and 2 MeV.

  4. New Constraints on Neutrino-Dark Matter Interactions: A Comprehensive Analysis

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Most benchmark neutrino-dark matter couplings adopted in previous studies are excluded when laboratory meson and Z decay bounds are combined with cosmological and astrophysical constraints, leaving only special galact...

  5. Dark Matter Capture in Supernovae Modifies Dark Photon Cooling Bounds

    hep-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Asymmetric dark matter captured in SN progenitors can form a 'dark photosphere' that traps dark photons and reopens SN1987A-excluded parameter space.

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