Pith. sign in

REVIEW 3 major objections 7 minor 53 references

Evidence for reduced periodic lattice distortion within the Sb-terminated surface layer of the kagome metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$

T0 review · 3 major / 7 minor · reviewed 2026-08-11 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗ Review JSON

Pith's one-line read Low-energy electron diffraction finds no CDW superstructure peaks on the Sb-terminated surface of CsV3Sb5, implying the periodic lattice distortion there is less than half its bulk value.

desk verdict First surface-sensitive structural probe of the CDW lattice distortion in CsV3Sb5; the non-detection is real, but the 'less than half bulk amplitude' bound assumes coherent spots rather than short-range order. read the letter →

arxiv 2412.02599 v1 pith:3HI2DVC5 submitted 2024-12-03 cond-mat.str-el

Felix Kurtz , Gevin von Witte , Lukas Jehn , Alp Akbiyik , Igor Vinograd , Matthieu Le Tacon , Amir A. Haghighirad , Dong Chen
show 3 more authors
Chandra Shekhar Claudia Felser Claus Ropers
This is my paper · ORCID
classification cond-mat.str-el
keywords kagomemetalCsV3Sb5chargedensitywaveperiodiclatticedistortionlow-energyelectrondiffractionLEEDsurfaceterminationantimony
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

This paper tries to establish that in the charge density wave (CDW) phase of the kagome metal CsV3Sb5, the atomic lattice distortion on the antimony-terminated surface is much weaker than in the bulk. Using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) with a micrometer-sized beam on multiple cleaved crystals, the authors looked for the superstructure spots that a 2 × 2 × 2 bulk distortion should produce, and found none at the intensities predicted by dynamical LEED calculations. Because superstructure intensity grows with the square of the displacement amplitude, the non-detection corresponds to a surface periodic lattice distortion below half the bulk value. If correct, this means structural and electronic signatures of the CDW can decouple at the surface, and surface measurements of charge order cannot be used to infer the bulk lattice response.

What carries the argument

The argument is carried by low-energy electron diffraction with a micrometer-sized beam, used to measure sharp diffraction patterns on high-quality patches of cleaved surfaces, together with dynamical LEED simulations of the bulk 2 × 2 × 2 distortion. The central quantitative lever is the quadratic relation between superstructure spot intensity and distortion amplitude: the measured noise floor sets an upper bound on any undetected peak, and that bound translates directly into an upper bound on the surface atomic displacement. The termination assignment comes from comparing measured and simulated spot intensities as a function of electron energy, a LEED intensity-versus-energy analysis.

What would settle it

A decisive test would be a surface-sensitive diffraction experiment that specifically looks for broad diffuse intensity around the expected CDW positions: if the integrated diffuse signal matches the total scattering predicted from the bulk distortion, then the reduced-amplitude conclusion would be wrong. Alternatively, finding the predicted (0.5, 0.5) superstructure peak on a freshly cleaved, predominantly antimony-terminated surface below the transition temperature, with a noise floor comparable to this experiment's, would directly contradict the claim.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The central discovery is that the Sb-terminated surface of CsV3Sb5 does not show the diffraction spots that the bulk CDW's periodic lattice distortion would force it to show. In multiple samples and at several electron energies, no (0.5, 0.5) or (0, 0.5) superstructure reflexes appear above the noise floor, even though dynamical LEED simulations built from the x-ray-determined 2 × 2 × 2 bulk distortion predict those spots at two to four times the detection threshold. Since spot intensity scales quadratically with atomic displacement, the authors estimate the surface-layer periodic lattice distortion is less than half the bulk value. They also verify that the measured main-spot intensity-versus-energy curves match the antimony termination rather than the caesium termination, so the missing peaks are tied to the Sb surface itself.

Load-bearing premise

The reasoning depends on treating the missing superstructure spots as evidence of small atomic displacements rather than of CDW domains too small or disordered to give sharp peaks above the detection threshold.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • An STM-visible 2 × 2 charge modulation on the Sb surface is not reliable evidence for a bulk-like periodic lattice distortion at that surface.
  • The structural response to the CDW can be termination-dependent, so bulk structural models from x-ray diffraction should not be applied blindly to surface-sensitive electronic measurements.
  • The surface suppression strengthens the case that carrier concentration or surface polarity controls the CDW's coupling to the lattice, since the Sb termination is effectively hole doped and hole doping suppresses long-range CDW order in bulk.
  • A controlled experiment depositing caesium on the Sb surface should restore the anticipated superstructure peaks if the suppression is truly termination-specific.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • The paper leaves open the possibility that what is reduced at the surface is not the atomic displacement but the CDW domain size or ordering quality: short-range or small-domain order would broaden the superstructure signal into diffuse scattering that the background subtraction removes, and a dedicated diffuse-scattering measurement would decide between these readings.
  • If the hole-doping explanation generalizes, a testable extension is that the same suppression should appear at the Sb-terminated surfaces of RbV3Sb5 and KV3Sb5, and it might be tunable by surface electron doping.
  • The micrometer beam's spatial mapping could be used to correlate local structural suppression with cleavage steps, strain, or caesium coverage, turning a null result into a map of where the CDW lattice coupling fails.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Signed reviews

No signed human review yet.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

3 major / 7 minor

Summary. The paper reports low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) measurements on the Sb-terminated surface of the kagome metal CsV3Sb5 in its charge-density-wave (CDW) phase, using a µm-sized beam to locate high-quality areas on several cleaved crystals from two batches. The authors compare the measured diffraction patterns with dynamical LEED simulations that incorporate the bulk 2×2×2 periodic lattice distortion (PLD) determined by x-ray diffraction. No superstructure peaks are observed at the positions and intensities expected from the simulations, despite a measured 3σ noise floor that lies below the predicted signal at two electron energies (80 eV and 130 eV), with a factor-of-four margin at 80 eV. From the quadratic dependence of superstructure intensity on distortion amplitude, the authors conclude that the PLD amplitude in the surface layer is less than half its bulk value, and they discuss possible electronic and structural origins for this suppression.

Significance. If the conclusion is correct, the paper provides an important and surprising observation: the lattice component of the CDW can be strongly suppressed at a nominally clean surface, even though the electronic 2×2 modulation is still observed by STM. This would have implications for the interpretation of surface-sensitive probes (STM, ARPES) in kagome metals and for the general question of how bulk and surface CDW order are coupled. The paper's strengths are its use of externally determined bulk distortion parameters from x-ray diffraction, the systematic screening of multiple cleaves and crystals from two growth batches, and a careful, quantitative noise analysis with a clearly defined detection threshold. The central inference, however, depends on the assumption that any 2×2 surface order is long-range and coherent across the probe area; the alternative of finite-size or short-range order, which would broaden the superstructure signal into a diffuse background, is not experimentally excluded.

major comments (3)
  1. [Section 3 (Fig. 3)] The central quantitative claim—that the absence of sharp superstructure peaks implies a PLD amplitude less than half the bulk value—holds only if all 2×2 structural order on the Sb-terminated surface is long-range and coherent over the ~80–100 µm beam, so that the superstructure intensity is concentrated in sharp spots that can be compared with the 3σ threshold of Fig. 4c. The analysis pipeline in Appendix C (15×15 binning and subtraction of a slowly varying background using a Gaussian filter with 100-pixel standard deviation, 6–7× the main-spot width) would suppress precisely the broad features that would arise from finite correlation lengths, small domains, or stacking disorder. This is not a hypothetical concern, because the paper itself notes that STM studies observe a 2×2 motif on this termination. The quadratic scaling argument in Fig. 2b applies to the peak intensity of a coherent spot, not to integrated diffuse intensity. To support the amplitude interpretation, the authors should either measure the diffuse scattering directly (for example, above T_CDW or as a function of temperature) or provide a spot-profile/domain-size model that converts the observed upper limit into an amplitude constraint under finite-coherence assumptions.
  2. [Section 4 (Fig. 4)] The termination assignment relies on a qualitative visual comparison of the (00) and (01) spot intensities with dynamical LEED simulations over the range 66–150 eV, without a quantitative metric such as an R-factor or a residual sum. The quantitative comparison in Fig. 4d assumes a pure Sb termination for the predicted superstructure intensities. If the probed area contains a non-negligible fraction of the (√3×√3)R30° Cs termination or other defects, the expected superstructure peak strengths could be modified. Please provide a quantitative termination analysis (e.g., an R-factor or a comparison of several spots over a wider energy range) or a sensitivity study showing that the predicted superstructure intensities are robust against plausible fractions of Cs-terminated patches.
  3. [Section 4 (Fig. 4)] The quantitative comparison between predicted superstructure intensity and the measured detection threshold is performed at only two electron energies (80 eV and 130 eV) and on a single high-quality surface position of sample K2, although the screening described in the text covered multiple cleaves and several positions. The claim of robustness would be considerably strengthened by repeating the noise analysis and detection-threshold determination at additional energies (for example, at the energies where the simulations predict the highest superstructure intensity) and on at least one additional high-quality surface position from a different batch, to confirm that the factor-of-four margin at 80 eV is not specific to one location or one energy.
minor comments (7)
  1. [Section 1] The sample labels (sample D, sample K1, sample K2) are introduced in the text and figures but never summarized in a table. Please provide a table listing the sample label, growth batch, which cleave was used, and which measurements (spatial scan, LEED-I(V), long-exposure search) were performed on each.
  2. [Section 4] Please specify the exact region from which the noise histogram in Fig. 4c was extracted (for example, the stripe between which main-lattice spots) and state explicitly that this region does not contain any expected superstructure position. It would be useful to also report the noise level measured in the immediate vicinity of the (0.5 0.5) position.
  3. [Section 4] The statement 'less than half its bulk value' is an upper limit derived from the chosen 3σ threshold and the 4× margin at 80 eV. Please state explicitly that this is an upper bound and not a measured value with an uncertainty, and consider providing the corresponding confidence level.
  4. [Section 2] The text says the LEED-I(V) scans cover '66 eV to 150 eV', but the horizontal axis in Fig. 3 appears to start at 60 eV. Please align the text and figure axes, and define the energy step used in the scans.
  5. [Section 4] Please specify which main-lattice peaks are summed to normalize the experimental intensities in Fig. 4d and whether the (00) spot is included in that sum. This is needed to reproduce the quantitative comparison.
  6. [Title and Abstract] The conclusion is phrased as applying to 'the Sb-terminated surface layer', but at the electron energies used (80–130 eV) the probing depth includes several atomic layers below the surface. Consider wording such as 'the near-surface region' or 'the Sb-terminated surface and adjacent layers' to avoid overstating the depth resolution.
  7. [References] References 24, 26, and 52 are cited as arXiv preprints. If any of these have been published in peer-reviewed journals by the time of resubmission, please update the citations.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No significant circularity: the predicted superstructure intensities derive from an external bulk x-ray distortion model and are compared against an independent null measurement.

full rationale

The paper's derivation chain is self-contained rather than circular. The expected superstructure intensities are computed with dynamical LEED (TensErLEED) using the 2x2x2 bulk distortion amplitudes taken from x-ray diffraction in Ref. [11], an external experimental input. The experimental search then measures whether sharp superstructure peaks appear above a 3-sigma noise threshold. The termination assignment is made separately via LEED I(V) comparison with the same simulation, but it is a calibration step and does not feed back into the prediction. The conclusion of a reduced PLD amplitude follows from the non-detection of peaks whose predicted intensity is four times above the detection threshold, together with the quadratic intensity-versus-amplitude scaling shown in Fig. 2b. No fitted parameter from the null result is renamed as a prediction, and no equation reduces to its own input. Some authors overlap with Ref. [11] (D. Chen, C. Shekhar, C. Felser), but that citation is an independent x-ray diffraction measurement, not an unverified self-referential claim, and the paper does not invoke any uniqueness theorem. Self-citations to the ULEED apparatus and to a prior TaS2 study are instrumental, not load-bearing. The skeptic's finite-coherence alternative is a correctness or interpretation concern about whether the null result implies reduced amplitude versus reduced coherence; it does not establish circularity, because the prediction would still be an external computation compared with data. Accordingly, the circularity score is 0.

Assumptions & free parameters 0 free parameters · 4 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on external bulk structural data (Ref [11]), a surface-termination determination by LEED-I(V), and a statistical noise model. No free parameters are fitted to the data. No new physical entities are introduced.

assumptions (4)
  • domain assumption Dynamical LEED calculations with TensErLEED accurately model the electron scattering from the Sb-terminated surface.
    Used to compute predicted main-lattice and superstructure intensities (Figs. 2 and 4). If the scattering model is inaccurate, the reference intensities could be wrong.
  • domain assumption The 2x2x2 bulk lattice distortion from x-ray diffraction (Ref [11]) is the correct structural model to use as the reference for the surface.
    The paper assumes the bulk distortion amplitudes define the expected surface superstructure intensity; any error in Ref [11] propagates into the predicted intensities and the inferred reduction factor.
  • domain assumption The probed surface is predominantly Sb-terminated.
    Inferred from LEED-I(V) comparison with simulations and the weakness of sqrt3xsqrt3 Cs reconstruction spots (Fig. 3 and main text). This is needed to select the appropriate simulation curves.
  • standard math Gaussian noise statistics apply to the background intensity, so a 3 sigma threshold is a valid detection criterion.
    Used to define the detection threshold in Fig. 4c and to estimate the probability of false positives.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Evidence for reduced periodic lattice distortion within the Sb-terminated surface layer of the kagome metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/3HI2DVC5

@misc{pith2026241202599,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Evidence for reduced periodic lattice distortion within the Sb-terminated surface layer of the kagome metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/3HI2DVC5}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2412.02599}
}
abstract

The discovery of the kagome metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ sparked broad interest, due to the coexistence of a charge density wave (CDW) phase and possible unconventional superconductivity in the material. In this study, we use low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) with a $\mu$m-sized electron beam to explore the periodic lattice distortion at the antimony-terminated surface in the CDW phase. We recorded high-quality backscattering diffraction patterns in ultrahigh vacuum from multiple cleaved samples. Unexpectedly, we did not find superstructure reflexes at intensity levels predicted from dynamical LEED calculations for the reported $2 \times 2 \times 2$ bulk structure. Our results suggest that in CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ the periodic lattice distortion accompanying the CDW is less pronounced at Sb-terminated surfaces than in the bulk.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2412.02599 by the authors.

Figure 1
Figure 1. a, Crystal structure of CsV3Sb5 showcasing a vanadium kagome net. The cleavage plane between caesium and antimony planes is indicated. b, Optical microscope images of two CsV3Sb5 samples. c, Corresponding spatial scans where each pixel represents the total intensity in the recorded diffraction image (integration time 3 s), resembling the shape of the sample. d, Same spatial scans where each pixel displays the maximu… view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Experimental spot intensities compared with dynam [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p003_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Dynamical LEED calculations: a, Schematic LEED pattern with strongest expected superstructure peaks in blue. b, Quadratic scaling of the diffraction signal with the distor￾tion amplitude, shown here for the Sb termination, the (0.5 0.5) spot and three different energies. The left side shows the distortion towards the tri-hexagonal structure, whereas the right side treats the hexagram distortion. c, d, Energy￾depende… view at source ↗
Figures from the paper (3 more)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Search for superstructure peaks and noise analysis: [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_4.png]
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: Dynamical LEED calculations for the hexagram [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p006_5.png]
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: b due to an optimized electron energy. These spots stem from an incomplete caesium termination, as only one third of the alkali atoms remain on the surface (il￾lustrated in Fig. 6a) when the sample is cleaved at room temperature, as revealed by STM studies [34, 38]. Fu…

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

53 extracted references · 41 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    B. R. Ortiz, L. C. Gomes, J. R. Morey, M. Winiarski, M. Bordelon, J. S. Mangum, I. W. H. Oswald, J. A. Rodriguez-Rivera, J. R. Neilson, S. D. Wilson, E. Ertekin, T. M. McQueen, and E. S. Toberer, New kagome prototype materials: Discovery of KV 3Sb5, RbV3Sb5, and CsV 3Sb5, Phys. Rev. Materials 3, 094407 (2019)

    work page 2019

  2. [2]

    S. D. Wilson and B. R. Ortiz, AV3Sb5 kagome supercon- ductors, Nat Rev Mater 9, 420 (2024)

    work page 2024

  3. [3]

    Q. Yin, Z. Tu, C. Gong, Y. Fu, S. Yan, and H. Lei, Su- perconductivity and Normal-State Properties of Kagome Metal RbV3Sb5 Single Crystals, Chinese Phys. Lett. 38, 037403 (2021)

    work page 2021

  4. [4]

    B. R. Ortiz, P. M. Sarte, E. M. Kenney, M. J. Graf, S. M. L. Teicher, R. Seshadri, and S. D. Wilson, Super- conductivity in the Z2 kagome metal KV3Sb5, Phys. Rev. Materials 5, 034801 (2021)

    work page 2021

  5. [5]

    B. R. Ortiz, S. M. L. Teicher, Y. Hu, J. L. Zuo, P. M. Sarte, E. C. Schueller, A. M. M. Abeykoon, M. J. Krogstad, S. Rosenkranz, R. Osborn, R. Seshadri, L. Ba- lents, J. He, and S. D. Wilson, CsV3Sb5: A Z 2 Topologi- cal Kagome Metal with a Superconducting Ground State, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 247002 (2020)

    work page 2020

  6. [6]

    M. H. Christensen, T. Birol, B. M. Andersen, and R. M. Fernandes, Theory of the charge density wave inAV3Sb5 kagome metals, Phys. Rev. B 104, 214513 (2021)

    work page 2021

  7. [7]

    H. Li, T. T. Zhang, T. Yilmaz, Y. Y. Pai, C. E. Marvin- ney, A. Said, Q. W. Yin, C. S. Gong, Z. J. Tu, E. Vescovo, C. S. Nelson, R. G. Moore, S. Murakami, H. C. Lei, H. N. Lee, B. J. Lawrie, and H. Miao, Observation of Uncon- ventional Charge Density Wave without Acoustic Phonon Anomaly in Kagome Superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = Rb , Cs), Phys. Rev. X 11, 0310...

    work page 2021

  8. [8]

    H. Li, G. Fabbris, A. H. Said, J. P. Sun, Y.-X. Jiang, J.- X. Yin, Y.-Y. Pai, S. Yoon, A. R. Lupini, C. S. Nelson, Q. W. Yin, C. S. Gong, Z. J. Tu, H. C. Lei, J.-G. Cheng, M. Z. Hasan, Z. Wang, B. Yan, R. Thomale, H. N. Lee, and H. Miao, Discovery of conjoined charge density waves in the kagome superconductor CsV 3Sb5, Nat Commun 13, 6348 (2022)

    work page 2022

Show all 53 references
  1. [9]

    Kaboudvand, S

    F. Kaboudvand, S. M. L. Teicher, S. D. Wilson, R. Se- shadri, and M. D. Johannes, Fermi surface nesting and the Lindhard response function in the kagome supercon- ductor CsV 3Sb5, Applied Physics Letters 120, 111901 (2022)

    2022

  2. [10]

    B. R. Ortiz, S. M. L. Teicher, L. Kautzsch, P. M. Sarte, N. Ratcliff, J. Harter, J. P. C. Ruff, R. Seshadri, and S. D. Wilson, Fermi Surface Mapping and the Nature of Charge-Density-Wave Order in the Kagome Supercon- ductor CsV3Sb5, Phys. Rev. X 11, 041030 (2021)

    2021

  3. [11]

    Stahl, D

    Q. Stahl, D. Chen, T. Ritschel, C. Shekhar, E. Sadrollahi, M. C. Rahn, O. Ivashko, M. V. Zimmermann, C. Felser, and J. Geck, Temperature-driven reorganization of elec- tronic order in CsV 3Sb5, Phys. Rev. B 105, 195136 (2022)

    2022

  4. [12]

    Kautzsch, B

    L. Kautzsch, B. R. Ortiz, K. Mallayya, J. Plumb, G. Pokharel, J. P. C. Ruff, Z. Islam, E.-A. Kim, R. Se- shadri, and S. D. Wilson, Structural evolution of the kagome superconductors A V3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, and Cs) through charge density wave order, Phys. Rev. Materials 7, 024806 (2023)

    2023

  5. [13]

    Frassineti, P

    J. Frassineti, P. Bonf` a, G. Allodi, E. Garcia, R. Cong, B. R. Ortiz, S. D. Wilson, R. De Renzi, V. F. Mitrovi´ c, and S. Sanna, Microscopic nature of the charge-density wave in the kagome superconductor RbV3Sb5, Phys. Rev. Research 5, L012017 (2023)

    2023

  6. [14]

    Y. Wang, T. Wu, Z. Li, K. Jiang, and J. Hu, Structure of the kagome superconductor CsV 3Sb5 in the charge den- sity wave state, Phys. Rev. B 107, 184106 (2023)

    2023

  7. [15]

    Q. Xiao, Y. Lin, Q. Li, X. Zheng, S. Francoual, C. Plueck- thun, W. Xia, Q. Qiu, S. Zhang, Y. Guo, J. Feng, and Y. Peng, Coexistence of multiple stacking charge density waves in kagome superconductor CsV 3Sb5, Phys. Rev. Research 5, L012032 (2023)

    2023

  8. [16]

    Plumb, A

    J. Plumb, A. C. Salinas, K. Mallayya, E. Kisiel, F. B. Carneiro, R. Gomez, G. Pokharel, E.-A. Kim, S. Sarker, Z. Islam, S. Daly, and S. D. Wilson, Phase- separated charge order and twinning across length scales in CsV3Sb5, Phys. Rev. Mater. 8, 093601 (2024)

    2024

  9. [17]

    Mielke, D

    C. Mielke, D. Das, J.-X. Yin, H. Liu, R. Gupta, Y.- X. Jiang, M. Medarde, X. Wu, H. C. Lei, J. Chang, P. Dai, Q. Si, H. Miao, R. Thomale, T. Neupert, Y. Shi, R. Khasanov, M. Z. Hasan, H. Luetkens, and Z. Guguchia, Time-reversal symmetry-breaking charge order in a kagome superc...

    2022

  10. [18]

    M. H. Christensen, T. Birol, B. M. Andersen, and R. M. Fernandes, Loop currents in AV3Sb5 kagome metals: Multipolar and toroidal magnetic orders, Phys. Rev. B 106, 144504 (2022)

    2022

  11. [19]

    Jiang, J.-X

    Y.-X. Jiang, J.-X. Yin, M. M. Denner, N. Shumiya, B. R. Ortiz, G. Xu, Z. Guguchia, J. He, M. S. Hossain, X. Liu, J. Ruff, L. Kautzsch, S. S. Zhang, G. Chang, I. Belopol- ski, Q. Zhang, T. A. Cochran, D. Multer, M. Litskevich, Z.-J. Cheng, X. P. Yang, Z. Wang, R. Thomale, T. Ne...

    2021

  12. [20]

    Shumiya, M

    N. Shumiya, M. S. Hossain, J.-X. Yin, Y.-X. Jiang, B. R. Ortiz, H. Liu, Y. Shi, Q. Yin, H. Lei, S. S. Zhang, G. Chang, Q. Zhang, T. A. Cochran, D. Multer, M. Litskevich, Z.-J. Cheng, X. P. Yang, Z. Guguchia, S. D. Wilson, and M. Z. Hasan, Intrinsic nature of chi- ral charge or...

    2021

  13. [21]

    Xiang, Q

    Y. Xiang, Q. Li, Y. Li, W. Xie, H. Yang, Z. Wang, Y. Yao, and H.-H. Wen, Twofold symmetry of c-axis re- sistivity in topological kagome superconductor CsV 3Sb5 with in-plane rotating magnetic field, Nat Commun 12, 6727 (2021)

    2021

  14. [22]

    M. L. Kiesel, C. Platt, and R. Thomale, Unconven- tional Fermi Surface Instabilities in the Kagome Hubbard Model, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 126405 (2013)

    2013

  15. [23]

    D. R. Saykin, C. Farhang, E. D. Kountz, D. Chen, B. R. Ortiz, C. Shekhar, C. Felser, S. D. Wilson, R. Thomale, J. Xia, and A. Kapitulnik, High Resolution Polar Kerr Effect Studies of CsV 3Sb5: Tests for Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking below the Charge-Order Transition, Phys. R...

    2023

  16. [24]

    Li` ege, Y

    W. Li` ege, Y. Xie, D. Bounoua, Y. Sidis, F. Bourdarot, Y. Li, Z. Wang, J.-X. Yin, P. Dai, and P. Bourges, Search for orbital magnetism in the kagome super- 8 conductor CsV 3Sb5 using neutron diffraction (2024), arXiv:2407.14391 [cond-mat]

    2024 arXiv

  17. [25]

    H. Li, S. Wan, H. Li, Q. Li, Q. Gu, H. Yang, Y. Li, Z. Wang, Y. Yao, and H.-H. Wen, No observation of chiral flux current in the topological kagome metal CsV 3Sb5, Phys. Rev. B 105, 045102 (2022)

    2022

  18. [26]

    H. J. Elmers, O. Tkach, Y. Lytvynenko, P. Yogi, M. Schmitt, D. Biswas, J. Liu, S. V. Chernov, M. Hoesch, D. Kutnyakhov, N. Wind, L. Wenthaus, M. Scholz, K. Rossnagel, A. Gloskovskii, C. Schlueter, A. Winkelmann, A.-A. Haghighirad, T.-L. Lee, M. Sing, R. Claessen, M. L. Tacon, ...

    2024 arXiv

  19. [27]

    Frachet, L

    M. Frachet, L. Wang, W. Xia, Y. Guo, M. He, N. Maraytta, R. Heid, A.-A. Haghighirad, M. Merz, C. Meingast, and F. Hardy, Colossal c-Axis Response and Lack of Rotational Symmetry Breaking within the Kagome Planes of the CsV 3Sb5 Superconductor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 186001 (2024)

    2024

  20. [28]

    Uykur, B

    E. Uykur, B. R. Ortiz, O. Iakutkina, M. Wenzel, S. D. Wilson, M. Dressel, and A. A. Tsirlin, Low-energy optical properties of the nonmagnetic kagome metal CsV 3Sb5, Phys. Rev. B 104, 045130 (2021)

    2021

  21. [29]

    X. Zhou, Y. Li, X. Fan, J. Hao, Y. Dai, Z. Wang, Y. Yao, and H.-H. Wen, Origin of charge density wave in the kagome metal CsV 3Sb5 as revealed by optical spec- troscopy, Phys. Rev. B 104, L041101 (2021)

    2021

  22. [30]

    G. He, L. Peis, E. F. Cuddy, Z. Zhao, D. Li, Y. Zhang, R. Stumberger, B. Moritz, H. Yang, H. Gao, T. P. De- vereaux, and R. Hackl, Anharmonic strong-coupling ef- fects at the origin of the charge density wave in CsV3Sb5, Nat Commun 15, 1895 (2024)

    2024

  23. [31]

    M. Kang, S. Fang, J.-K. Kim, B. R. Ortiz, S. H. Ryu, J. Kim, J. Yoo, G. Sangiovanni, D. Di Sante, B.-G. Park, C. Jozwiak, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg, E. Kaxiras, S. D. Wilson, J.-H. Park, and R. Comin, Twofold van Hove sin- gularity and origin of charge order in topological kag...

    2022

  24. [32]

    Liang, X

    Z. Liang, X. Hou, F. Zhang, W. Ma, P. Wu, Z. Zhang, F. Yu, J.-J. Ying, K. Jiang, L. Shan, Z. Wang, and X.- H. Chen, Three-Dimensional Charge Density Wave and Surface-Dependent Vortex-Core States in a Kagome Su- perconductor CsV3Sb5, Phys. Rev. X 11, 031026 (2021)

    2021

  25. [33]

    Nakayama, Y

    K. Nakayama, Y. Li, T. Kato, M. Liu, Z. Wang, T. Taka- hashi, Y. Yao, and T. Sato, Multiple energy scales and anisotropic energy gap in the charge-density-wave phase of the kagome superconductor CsV 3Sb5, Phys. Rev. B 104, L161112 (2021)

    2021

  26. [34]

    H. Chen, H. Yang, B. Hu, Z. Zhao, J. Yuan, Y. Xing, G. Qian, Z. Huang, G. Li, Y. Ye, S. Ma, S. Ni, H. Zhang, Q. Yin, C. Gong, Z. Tu, H. Lei, H. Tan, S. Zhou, C. Shen, X. Dong, B. Yan, Z. Wang, and H.-J. Gao, Roton pair density wave in a strong-coupling kagome superconduc- tor,...

    2021

  27. [35]

    H. Zhao, H. Li, B. R. Ortiz, S. M. L. Teicher, T. Park, M. Ye, Z. Wang, L. Balents, S. D. Wilson, and I. Zeljkovic, Cascade of correlated electron states in the kagome superconductor CsV 3Sb5, Nature 599, 216 (2021)

    2021

  28. [36]

    Wang, Y.-X

    Z. Wang, Y.-X. Jiang, J.-X. Yin, Y. Li, G.-Y. Wang, H.-L. Huang, S. Shao, J. Liu, P. Zhu, N. Shumiya, M. S. Hossain, H. Liu, Y. Shi, J. Duan, X. Li, G. Chang, P. Dai, Z. Ye, G. Xu, Y. Wang, H. Zheng, J. Jia, M. Z. Hasan, and Y. Yao, Electronic nature of chiral charge order in ...

    2021

  29. [37]

    Vogelgesang, G

    S. Vogelgesang, G. Storeck, J. G. Horstmann, T. Diek- mann, M. Sivis, S. Schramm, K. Rossnagel, S. Sch¨ afer, and C. Ropers, Phase ordering of charge density waves traced by ultrafast low-energy electron diffraction, Nat. Phys. 14, 184 (2018)

    2018

  30. [38]

    J. Yu, Z. Xu, K. Xiao, Y. Yuan, Q. Yin, Z. Hu, C. Gong, Y. Guo, Z. Tu, P. Tang, H. Lei, Q.-K. Xue, and W. Li, Evolution of Electronic Structure in Pristine and Rb-Reconstructed Surfaces of Kagome Metal RbV 3Sb5, Nano Lett. 22, 918 (2022)

    2022

  31. [39]

    H. Miao, H. X. Li, W. R. Meier, A. Huon, H. N. Lee, A. Said, H. C. Lei, B. R. Ortiz, S. D. Wilson, J. X. Yin, M. Z. Hasan, Z. Wang, H. Tan, and B. Yan, Geometry of the charge density wave in the kagome metal AV3Sb5, Phys. Rev. B 104, 195132 (2021)

    2021

  32. [40]

    H. Tan, Y. Liu, Z. Wang, and B. Yan, Charge Den- sity Waves and Electronic Properties of Superconducting Kagome Metals, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 046401 (2021)

    2021

  33. [41]

    von Witte, T

    G. von Witte, T. Kißlinger, J. G. Horstmann, K. Ross- nagel, M. A. Schneider, C. Ropers, and L. Hammer, Surface structure and stacking of the commensurate (√13×√13)R13.9◦ charge density wave phase of 1T- TaS2(0001), Phys. Rev. B 100, 155407 (2019)

    2019

  34. [42]

    T. Kato, Y. Li, K. Nakayama, Z. Wang, S. Souma, M. Ki- tamura, K. Horiba, H. Kumigashira, T. Takahashi, and T. Sato, Polarity-dependent charge density wave in the kagome superconductor CsV 3Sb5, Phys. Rev. B 106, L121112 (2022)

    2022

  35. [43]

    T. Kato, Y. Li, M. Liu, K. Nakayama, Z. Wang, S. Souma, M. Kitamura, K. Horiba, H. Kumigashira, T. Takahashi, Y. Yao, and T. Sato, Surface-termination- dependent electronic states in kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) studied by micro-ARPES, Phys. Rev. B 107, 245143 (2023)

    2023

  36. [44]

    A. N. Capa Salinas, B. R. Ortiz, C. Bales, J. Frassineti, V. F. Mitrovi´ c, and S. D. Wilson, Electron-hole asym- metry in the phase diagram of carrier-tuned CsV 3Sb5, Front. Electron. Mater 3, 1257490 (2023)

    2023

  37. [45]

    Aishwarya, J

    A. Aishwarya, J. May-Mann, A. Raghavan, L. Nie, M. Romanelli, S. Ran, S. R. Saha, J. Paglione, N. P. Butch, E. Fradkin, and V. Madhavan, Magnetic-field- sensitive charge density waves in the superconductor UTe2, Nature 618, 928 (2023)

    2023

  38. [46]

    Theuss, A

    F. Theuss, A. Shragai, G. Grissonnanche, L. Peralta, G. d. l. F. Simarro, I. M. Hayes, S. R. Saha, Y. S. Eo, A. Suarez, A. C. Salinas, G. Pokharel, S. D. Wilson, N. P. Butch, J. Paglione, and B. J. Ramshaw, Absence of a bulk thermodynamic phase transition to a density wave pha...

    2024

  39. [47]

    C. S. Kengle, D. Chaudhuri, X. Guo, T. A. Johnson, S. Bettler, W. Simeth, M. J. Krogstad, Z. Islam, S. Ran, S. R. Saha, J. Paglione, N. P. Butch, E. Fradkin, V. Mad- havan, and P. Abbamonte, Absence of a bulk signature of a charge density wave in hard x-ray measurements of UTe...

    2024

  40. [48]

    S. D. Edkins, A. Kostin, K. Fujita, A. P. Mackenzie, H. Eisaki, S. Uchida, S. Sachdev, M. J. Lawler, E.-A. Kim, J. C. S´ eamus Davis, and M. H. Hamidian, Mag- netic field–induced pair density wave state in the cuprate vortex halo, Science 364, 976 (2019). 9

    2019

  41. [49]

    Maggio-Aprile, T

    I. Maggio-Aprile, T. P. Singar, C. Berthod, T. Gazdi´ c, J. Bru´ er, and C. Renner, Vortex-core spectroscopy ofd - wave cuprate high-temperature superconductors, Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications 615, 1354386 (2023)

    2023

  42. [50]

    E. H. Da Silva Neto, P. Aynajian, A. Frano, R. Comin, E. Schierle, E. Weschke, A. Gyenis, J. Wen, J. Schnee- loch, Z. Xu, S. Ono, G. Gu, M. Le Tacon, and A. Yaz- dani, Ubiquitous Interplay Between Charge Ordering and High-Temperature Superconductivity in Cuprates, Sci- ence 34...

    2014

  43. [51]

    Vinograd, R

    I. Vinograd, R. Zhou, M. Hirata, T. Wu, H. Mayaffre, S. Kr¨ amer, R. Liang, W. N. Hardy, D. A. Bonn, and M.-H. Julien, Locally commensurate charge-density wave with three-unit-cell periodicity in YBa2Cu3Oy, Nat Com- mun 12, 3274 (2021)

    2021

  44. [52]

    Blackburn, O

    E. Blackburn, O. Ivashko, E. Campillo, M. von Zimmer- mann, R. Liang, D. A. Bonn, W. N. Hardy, J. Chang, E. M. Forgan, and S. M. Hayden, Searching for the sig- nature of a pair density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67 using high energy X-ray diffraction (2023), arXiv:2310.18302 [cond- mat]

    2023 arXiv

  45. [53]

    Blum and K

    V. Blum and K. Heinz, Fast LEED intensity calculations for surface crystallography using Tensor LEED, Com- puter Physics Communications 134, 392 (2001)

    2001

Pith tools

Reviewed August 11, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.