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On electromagnetic momentum of an electric dipole in a magnetic field

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arxiv 1408.4144 v3 pith:5EP3A3NC submitted 2014-08-18 physics.class-ph

classification physics.class-ph
keywords mathbffieldmomentumdipolemagneticelectricelectromagneticmathrm
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abstract

The total linear electromagnetic field momentum $\mathbf P_{\mathrm{em}}$ of a stationary electric dipole $\mathbf p$ in a static magnetic field $\mathbf B$ is considered. The expression $\mathbf P_{\mathrm{em}} = \frac12\mathbf B \times \mathbf p$, which has previously been implied to hold in all static magnetic field situations, is not valid in general. The contribution of the electromagnetic momentum of the fringing fields of the dipole is discussed. It is shown that when either the static magnetic field or the electric dipole moment is changed, the mechanical impulse on the system equals $-\Delta\mathbf P_{\mathrm{em}}$, and hidden momentum does not need to be invoked in order to conserve total momentum.

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  1. Not All Uniform B-Fields Are The Same!

    physics.class-ph 2025-08 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

    The impulse and torque on a capacitor when a uniform B-field is turned off depend on the source of that field, so the classic textbook problem is ill-posed unless the source is specified.

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