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EEG-Language Pretraining for Highly Label-Efficient Clinical Phenotyping

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arxiv 2409.07480 v4 pith:6E3IHPB4 submitted 2024-09-02 eess.SP cs.AIcs.LG

classification eess.SPcs.AIcs.LG
keywords clinicalmodelsmultimodaleeg-languageelmslearningphenotypingreports
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Multimodal language modeling has enabled breakthroughs for representation learning, yet remains unexplored in the realm of functional brain data for clinical phenotyping. This paper pioneers EEG-language models (ELMs) trained on clinical reports and 15000 EEGs. We propose to combine multimodal alignment in this novel domain with timeseries cropping and text segmentation, enabling an extension based on multiple instance learning to alleviate misalignment between irrelevant EEG or text segments. Our multimodal models significantly improve over EEG-only models across four clinical evaluations and for the first time enable zero-shot classification as well as retrieval of both neural signals and reports. In sum, these results highlight the potential of ELMs, representing significant progress for clinical applications.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Large Language Models for EEG: A Comprehensive Survey and Taxonomy

    eess.SP 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A taxonomy and review of studies applying large language models to EEG signals, organized into four domains and three adaptation strategies.

  2. Bridging Brain with Foundation Models through Self-Supervised Learning

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    A PRISMA-based survey maps self-supervised learning techniques, brain foundation models, datasets, and evaluation protocols for EEG and related neural signals, including a skeptical review of EEG-to-text decoding.

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