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Charmed hadron chemistry in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
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Charmed hadron chemistry in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
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We develop for charmed hadron production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions a comprehensive coalescence model that includes an extensive set of $s$ and $p$-wave hadronic states as well as the strict energy-momentum conservation, which ensures the boost invariance of the coalescence probability and the thermal limit of the produced hadron spectrum. By combining our hadronization scheme with an advanced Langevin-hydrodynamics model that incorporates both elastic and inelastic energy loss of heavy quarks inside the dynamical quark-gluon plasma, we obtain a successful description of the $p_\mathrm{T}$-integrated and differential $\Lambda_c/D^0$ and $D_s/D^0$ ratios measured at RHIC and the LHC. We find that including the effect of radial flow of the medium is essential for describing the enhanced $\Lambda_c/D^0$ ratio observed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We also find that the puzzling larger $\Lambda_c/D^0$ ratio observed in Au+Au collisions at RHIC than in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC is due to the interplay between the effects of the QGP radial flow and the charm quark transverse momentum spectrum at hadronization. Our study further suggests that charmed hadrons have larger sizes in medium than in vacuum.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Heavy quark coalescence probability in the presence of a potential
Including a phenomenological heavy-light quark potential in the coalescence model enhances the heavy-quark coalescence probability to near unity at low momentum without ad hoc normalization.
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$D^0$-$D_s^+$ Elliptic-Flow Splitting under Event-Shape Engineering: A Probe of Sequential Charm Hadronization
Event-shape engineering via q2 selection in 0-10% and 30-50% Pb-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV is shown to separate geometry-driven flow from hadronization-time effects, producing a positive growing Δv2(D0-Ds+) and species...
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System-size dependence of the $D^0$--$D_s^+$ flow splitting from early $D_s^+$ formation at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.36$~TeV
Sequential hadronization in a transport model predicts D0 > Ds+ v2 splitting in O-O collisions at 5.36 TeV, reproduces ALICE ordering, and identifies a linear scaling of the splitting with partonic flow accumulated be...
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System-size dependence of the $D^0$--$D_s^+$ flow splitting from early $D_s^+$ formation at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.36$~TeV
Sequential hadronization predicts v2(D0) > v2(Ds+) from extra partonic flow accumulated by D0 parents between 1.2 Tc and Tc, with universal linear scaling of the hadronic splitting across O-O and Pb-Pb systems.
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