Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 40 of 40 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.01407.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.01407 v1

Coverage vector

measured 40 of 40 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:15.120324Z

measured 43 of 43 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00

measured 3 of 3 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T10:23:58.121702Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-11T19:51:11.988459Z

Reference resolution

40 of 40 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy2
unresolved38
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation e8020064-2314-4793-be1f-63bfd6033822 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:12.044652Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e725ab08-f84f-4073-b526-bf50bf32a7a4 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:12.160886Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1b2dbfea-3834-4421-9e29-afe76436bce7 · outbound

This paper cites The Falcon Series of Open Language Models.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory The Falcon Series of Open Language Models

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:12.234527Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 98b475ce-51e4-401c-b455-7f8111a16a4b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:19.982409Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation d907d397-b42a-4159-8ec4-1e6d46409deb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:19.852782Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation e699e66d-cdbc-45f9-b1a4-98b4863e6adb · outbound

This paper cites Bender, Joshua Crowgey, Michael Wayne Goodman, Kristen Howell, Haley Lepp, Fei Xia, and Olga Zamaraeva.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Bender, Joshua Crowgey, Michael Wayne Goodman, Kristen Howell, Haley Lepp, Fei Xia, and Olga Zamaraeva

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:19.708472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 3509ba96-d22d-497b-920d-3f3b96333a6a · outbound

This paper cites Bender, Scott Drellishak, Antske Fokkens, Laurie Poulson, and Safiyyah Saleem.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Bender, Scott Drellishak, Antske Fokkens, Laurie Poulson, and Safiyyah Saleem

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:12.548791Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ede803e1-bce3-4ca3-86b7-556ae63469f6 · outbound

This paper cites Bender, Dan Flickinger, and Stephan Oepen.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Bender, Dan Flickinger, and Stephan Oepen

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:19.648497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation b9ca8745-71c5-44b6-962c-68793819564b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:19.546523Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 80753908-dfcf-4c6c-9278-454f200fd5b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:19.369692Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation a17b05ce-839a-4c04-b3ae-61c6aacc7644 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:19.185284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 79efb3a1-4fe5-4598-92a1-ca9004c4d27d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:19.007787Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 2768fcec-cc03-4073-8f05-5bd7c7054af9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:18.871448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation ab3dc0a3-e81b-4127-8af8-263ce16c211e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:12.966770Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e4130a60-574a-4cd9-a11d-e6d1a22bbcb4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:18.504463Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 21050768-3cc2-4fef-a515-8bd8f24b15d9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:18.111715Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 6f8448a0-7316-4b88-a4f3-fa67b571b051 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:17.852934Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 2fb563cd-9555-4d9e-b26a-e7cc6f2863c7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:17.615453Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation fd21a30d-fdde-4258-893e-bd66d14e28c3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:17.448368Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 04d9b6e4-b0ff-41ab-8d01-bf88f63c19db · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:17.235854Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 89baaed3-1b6e-47d6-b67c-672d484c9077 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:17.087099Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation f570d4e5-519d-412c-8abd-5fd76625b88d · outbound

This paper cites Mistral 7B.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Mistral 7B

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:13.456919Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4a62dcbe-5a5c-4f5f-9c5e-99a3e6e3865a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:16.930061Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 09606fd0-944c-4908-8891-9fc54db95770 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:16.774700Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation c50e112b-5a89-4e5e-9bbc-06fa104b3de6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:16.665589Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 48909a6c-965d-4372-8b50-a0e261d194d3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:13.863861Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bc7ff52a-295b-478d-b1cd-382ac39809e7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:16.514746Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 5497d28f-c08b-41cf-a444-d5fdb81a64a6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:16.396325Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation ee602747-2be9-4ecf-b18c-381f027777b3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:16.252041Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 3a4077f4-42f6-499e-96ed-f0b448955a47 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:16.090913Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 1fe6ee25-fde0-449c-bb01-5d35c604901e · outbound

This paper cites Does a Large Language Model Really Speak in Human-Like Language?.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Does a Large Language Model Really Speak in Human-Like Language?

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:14.308745Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1bd901a3-f65a-45ad-912c-c8f0c9e238c2 · outbound

This paper cites Pedregosa, G.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Pedregosa, G

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:14.418738Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 77d586d9-90d4-4a4d-a9e1-8398d54a7adc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:15.941502Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation f96147b1-6f42-4a24-bb4e-b1c6d1307ecb · outbound

This paper cites Do LLMs write like humans? Variation in grammatical and rhetorical styles.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Do LLMs write like humans? Variation in grammatical and rhetorical styles

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:14.576034Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b973313c-3ec7-4f65-b7c0-1fd2c786bf9d · outbound

This paper cites A Linguistic Comparison between Human and ChatGPT-Generated Conversations.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory A Linguistic Comparison between Human and ChatGPT-Generated Conversations

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:14.661474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f83e9404-a13a-4240-a0fc-ef2449c6744c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:15.768083Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation d904e692-9984-438c-b3e1-ed5c144f5e06 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:15.589904Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation d24cb43e-f309-4548-b30a-61b83a853637 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:14.930965Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 72949672-a12d-4edd-8aaa-2b73b139fad2 · outbound

This paper cites LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:15.033028Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3f62401f-ba56-448a-94bd-00069a5ef7f4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:50:15.401616Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 6ad07667-e53f-4e40-ac96-70b740234577 · inbound

Model Misalignment and Language Change: Traces of AI-Associated Language in Unscripted Spoken English cites this paper.

Model Misalignment and Language Change: Traces of AI-Associated Language in Unscripted Spoken English Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory

Reference 101

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:23:58.121702Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 30d20d47-149b-424e-a31b-4dcf876119f7 · inbound

Word Overuse and Alignment in Large Language Models: The Influence of Learning from Human Feedback cites this paper.

Word Overuse and Alignment in Large Language Models: The Influence of Learning from Human Feedback Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:23:13.376338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7894e949-dceb-4ff6-8a55-3c591b3de53c · inbound

More Aligned, Less Diverse? Analyzing the Grammar and Lexicon of Two Generations of LLMs cites this paper.

More Aligned, Less Diverse? Analyzing the Grammar and Lexicon of Two Generations of LLMs Comparing LLM-generated and human-authored news text using formal syntactic theory

Reference 3

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T19:51:11.990007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.