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arxiv: 2606.10060 · v1 · pith:BBMGHN3Rnew · submitted 2026-06-08 · ⚛️ physics.gen-ph

New sum rules of the Koide type

classification ⚛️ physics.gen-ph
keywords koidedirectmassrulerulestypeappliescentral
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We report a mass rule of Koide type with inverse shape, \[m_i=M^{(d)} (w_0+w_i)^{-2}.\] It applies to the down-quark sector with numerical precision comparable to that of the direct charged-lepton sum rule $m_i=M^{(l)} (z_0+z_i)^{2}$. For central mass values, Koide ratio reaches exactly $2/3$ near 280 TeV under Standard Model renormalisation-group running. We also review other rules of the direct kind involving quarks.

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