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Exploring the Nature of Little Red Dots: Constraints on AGN and Stellar Contributions from PRIMER MIRI Imaging

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arxiv 2411.12005 v2 pith:BT4DN3F3 submitted 2024-11-18 astro-ph.GA

classification astro-ph.GA
keywords stellarmodelmiricontinuumgalaxylrdsagnscontribution
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abstract

JWST has revealed a large population of compact, red galaxies at $z>4$ known as Little Red Dots (LRDs). We analyze the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 95 LRDs from the JWST PRIMER survey with complete photometric coverage from $1-18\ \mu$m using NIRCam and MIRI imaging, representing the most extensive SED analysis on a large LRD sample with long-wavelength MIRI data. We examine SED models in which either galaxy or active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission dominates the rest-frame UV or optical continuum, extracting physical properties to explore each scenario's implications. In the galaxy-only model, we find massive, dusty stellar populations alongside unobscured, low-mass components, hinting at inhomogeneous obscuration. The AGN-only model indicates dusty, luminous AGNs with low hot dust fractions compared to typical quasars. A hybrid AGN and galaxy model suggests low-mass, unobscured galaxies in the UV, with stellar mass estimates spanning $\sim$2 dex across the different models, underscoring the need for caution in interpreting LRD stellar masses. With MIRI photometry, the galaxy-only model produces stellar masses within cosmological limits, but extremely high stellar mass densities are inferred. The hybrid model infers highly overmassive black holes exceeding those in recently reported high-redshift AGNs, hinting at a partial AGN contribution to the rest-optical continuum or widespread super-Eddington accretion. Our findings highlight the extreme conditions required for both AGN or galaxy dominated scenarios in LRDs, supporting a mixed contribution to the red continuum, or novel scenarios to explain the observed emission.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Misaligned or chaotic? A strong break of axial symmetry in the local LRD J1025 revealed with VLT/FORS2 spectropolarimetry

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

    The local Little Red Dot J1025 shows a 48° polarisation-angle offset between continuum and broad H-alpha, requiring broken axial symmetry.

  2. A Novel Formation Channel for Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in the Early Universe via Primordial Black Holes

    astro-ph.GA 2025-08 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Massive primordial black holes with strong gas-dark matter streaming can trigger direct-collapse black hole formation in their wake, producing early supermassive black hole binaries.

  3. Discovery of Multiply Ionized Iron Emission Powered by an Active Galactic Nucleus in a z~7 Little Red Dot

    astro-ph.GA 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The z=6.68 Little Red Dot THRILS 46403 shows a 4.5 sigma [FeVII] line, the first robust coronal-line detection among z>5 LRDs, plus narrow Balmer absorption, supporting an AGN with direct sightlines to gas at or beyon...

  4. Investigating Little Red Dots with UV Excess: Are They the High-Redshift Siblings of Blue Hot DOGs?

    astro-ph.GA 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Little Red Dots are not the high-redshift relatives of Blue-excess Hot DOGs; they have less dust obscuration, little hot dust, and likely a different power source.

  5. MEGA: Spectrophotometric SED Fitting of Little Red Dots Detected in JWST MIRI

    astro-ph.GA 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Standard AGN and star-forming templates cannot fully reproduce the SEDs of eight MIRI-detected little red dots; dense-gas models plus extra hot dust partly work but fail on UV and narrow emission lines.

  6. Evidence of violation of Case B recombination in Little Red Dots

    astro-ph.GA 2025-10 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In one of seven Little Red Dots, the broad Hδ/Hα ratio is more than 5σ below the Case B prediction, signalling a breakdown of standard recombination in very dense gas.

  7. Evolution of Size, Mass, and Density of Galaxies Since Cosmic Dawn

    physics.gen-ph 2025-10 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    Under the author's CCC+TL cosmology, galaxy effective radii are larger by roughly (1+z)^0.93, reducing the inferred density and mass of early galaxies.

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