Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 12 of 12 outbound references and 11 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2507.02856.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2507.02856 v1

Coverage vector

measured 12 of 12 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:08.655335Z

measured 23 of 23 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 11 of 11 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T00:13:47.447302Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-04T18:00:01.346988Z

Reference resolution

12 of 12 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy4
unresolved7
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 2da168eb-6191-4d7f-8310-64499fb7d47c · outbound

This paper cites • Reversible: Expansion is infinitesimally slow, maintaining equilibrium.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation • Reversible: Expansion is infinitesimally slow, maintaining equilibrium

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:10.621361Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 498c18bb-1daf-4009-a314-41e5477a80ee · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:10.418925Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 478e6010-5de2-44f0-a451-1b74e04be053 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:10.185150Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 5b9ed96b-4f81-40a1-ba5a-cf33897bef0b · outbound

This paper cites Calculate the total change in entropy, when a sample of nitrogen gas of mass 14 g at 298 K and 1.00 bar doubles its volume in an isothermal reversible expansion.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation Calculate the total change in entropy, when a sample of nitrogen gas of mass 14 g at 298 K and 1.00 bar doubles its volume in an isothermal reversible expansion

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:09.978120Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation a63bb3a2-be4b-4674-aba5-836b42a28dc2 · outbound

This paper cites We find that MCQ estimates the highest accuracy followed by LLM-judges.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation We find that MCQ estimates the highest accuracy followed by LLM-judges

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:10.801232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 7992e3db-e97f-4297-a46e-d39ff3bb736c · outbound

This paper cites " " # The response can have more information than the ,→ ground− t r u t h . # I t can be more s p e c i f i c ( f o r example ,.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation " " # The response can have more information than the ,→ ground− t r u t h . # I t can be more s p e c i f i c ( f o r example ,

Reference 6

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:08.975801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 06cffa44-e03c-4bf0-b34e-c30b8d3f07e2 · outbound

This paper cites • Reversible: Expansion occurs slowly enough to maintain equilibrium.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation • Reversible: Expansion occurs slowly enough to maintain equilibrium

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:09.822721Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 6d569b6e-02ca-400c-9298-cf15e9353434 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:09.674329Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 1bf6c3ef-6f46-4469-b995-a7d238a450d7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:09.489007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 67b44c01-64bb-4470-99fb-410eb0e0a570 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:09.334697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 7b28d7db-4c2a-41b7-8754-b16ac26cda0a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:09.125448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation dc0d4a58-c0d3-4146-bf3f-70b7017a9a22 · outbound

This paper cites cloze procedure.

Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation cloze procedure

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:07.761432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 7c5363e6-c712-4c37-aa28-cbdd340f86bd · inbound

Bridging the Knowledge-Prediction Gap in LLMs on Multiple-Choice Questions cites this paper.

Bridging the Knowledge-Prediction Gap in LLMs on Multiple-Choice Questions Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T14:43:11.483898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6e6db20a-4026-483b-a1bd-cca37b5d2f2d · inbound

Entropy After </Think> for reasoning model early exiting cites this paper.

Entropy After </Think> for reasoning model early exiting Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T11:52:35.599288Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 12c11f98-a00a-4ed0-ba99-d3424204496e · inbound

Beyond MCQ: An Open-Ended Arabic Cultural QA Benchmark with Dialect Variants cites this paper.

Beyond MCQ: An Open-Ended Arabic Cultural QA Benchmark with Dialect Variants Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 13

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T03:12:22.093472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 14106616-9b6b-493c-8290-c9e419e0e622 · inbound

Safety Under Scaffolding: How Evaluation Conditions Shape Measured Safety cites this paper.

Safety Under Scaffolding: How Evaluation Conditions Shape Measured Safety Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-15T13:17:48.274611Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6b6c605c-69f9-42ce-8b0b-e98af22fd748 · inbound

Correct Looks Better: Pairwise Comparisons Reveal Accuracy Rankings cites this paper.

Correct Looks Better: Pairwise Comparisons Reveal Accuracy Rankings Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 3

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T01:27:31.152523Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 9a7f5675-c8a4-4ee0-8a6c-a4089dc377a3 · inbound

Are We Evaluating Knowledge or Phrasing? Mitigating MCQA Sensitivity with ParaEval cites this paper.

Are We Evaluating Knowledge or Phrasing? Mitigating MCQA Sensitivity with ParaEval Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T05:27:40.323764Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 0104e497-a442-4600-88db-9684d3bc0a6a · inbound

Improving Cross-Format Robustness in Language Models with Multi-Format Training cites this paper.

Improving Cross-Format Robustness in Language Models with Multi-Format Training Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T10:07:56.335157Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation caacba0b-b620-4009-8718-1170947ae885 · inbound

Storyline Trees: Hierarchical Representations for Long-Form Narratives cites this paper.

Storyline Trees: Hierarchical Representations for Long-Form Narratives Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 1

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T04:19:33.787019Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 22d4eb0e-8361-4029-849e-ce002bb215c0 · inbound

HelpBench: Assessing the Ability of LLMs to Provide Privacy, Safety, and Security Advice cites this paper.

HelpBench: Assessing the Ability of LLMs to Provide Privacy, Safety, and Security Advice Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T18:00:01.348676Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation c967abae-1ab3-4368-b4b6-5466d675666d · inbound

Judging Is Not Enumerating: Silent Omissions in LLM-Authored Acceptable Sets cites this paper.

Judging Is Not Enumerating: Silent Omissions in LLM-Authored Acceptable Sets Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T00:42:56.011737Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d1c55097-9c9a-49dc-bbdf-d047c057a294 · inbound

Deferred Exposure of Future Trajectories for Verifiable Reasoning in Autonomous Driving VLMs cites this paper.

Deferred Exposure of Future Trajectories for Verifiable Reasoning in Autonomous Driving VLMs Answer Matching Outperforms Multiple Choice for Language Model Evaluation

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:13:47.447302Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.