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Trajeglish: Traffic Modeling as Next-Token Prediction

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arxiv 2312.04535 v2 pith:D2TXS2QH submitted 2023-12-07 cs.LG cs.RO

classification cs.LGcs.RO
keywords modelmodelingdrivinginteractionscenariosagentsalongautonomy
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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A longstanding challenge for self-driving development is simulating dynamic driving scenarios seeded from recorded driving logs. In pursuit of this functionality, we apply tools from discrete sequence modeling to model how vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists interact in driving scenarios. Using a simple data-driven tokenization scheme, we discretize trajectories to centimeter-level resolution using a small vocabulary. We then model the multi-agent sequence of discrete motion tokens with a GPT-like encoder-decoder that is autoregressive in time and takes into account intra-timestep interaction between agents. Scenarios sampled from our model exhibit state-of-the-art realism; our model tops the Waymo Sim Agents Benchmark, surpassing prior work along the realism meta metric by 3.3% and along the interaction metric by 9.9%. We ablate our modeling choices in full autonomy and partial autonomy settings, and show that the representations learned by our model can quickly be adapted to improve performance on nuScenes. We additionally evaluate the scalability of our model with respect to parameter count and dataset size, and use density estimates from our model to quantify the saliency of context length and intra-timestep interaction for the traffic modeling task.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Deferred Exposure of Future Trajectories for Verifiable Reasoning in Autonomous Driving VLMs

    cs.AI 2026-08 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Hiding future trajectory information until after a driving model forms its decision reduces rationalization and improves verifiable autonomous-driving reasoning in the proposed AD-MCQ and DEFT-RLVR framework.

  2. World Models as Adversaries: Multi-Agent Self-Play Fine-Tuning for Robust Motion Planning

    cs.RO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5 of 10

    Role-conditioned adversarial world models with counterfactual credit and regret-CVaR self-play improve closed-loop long-tail robustness of autoregressive motion planners while preserving nominal behavior.

  3. Do LLM Modules Generalize? A Study on Motion Generation for Autonomous Driving

    cs.AI 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    On Waymo Sim Agents, LLM-style tokenization, positional embeddings, pretraining, RL post-training, and test-time search can be adapted to improve motion generation, but not all transfer without domain-specific changes.

  4. TrajTok: Technical Report for 2025 Waymo Open Sim Agents Challenge

    cs.CL 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A hybrid grid-and-data trajectory tokenizer with spatial label smoothing pushes the SMART simulator to 0.7852 realism, 2nd on the Waymo 2025 Sim Agents Challenge.

  5. Plan-R1: Safe and Feasible Trajectory Planning as Language Modeling

    cs.RO 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    By replacing group normalization in GRPO with fixed scaling, Plan-R1 keeps safety violations dominant in the learning signal and achieves state-of-the-art reactive planning scores on nuPlan.

  6. Pulse Breathing Dynamics in a Mode-Locked Laser measured via SHG autocorrelation

    physics.optics 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    A statistical SHG-autocorrelation Fano analysis is claimed to expose pulse breathing and measure ~3 fs pulse-width fluctuations on two commercial mode-locked lasers.

  7. Generative AI for Autonomous Driving: A Review

    cs.CV 2025-05 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

    A review of generative models (VAEs, GANs, diffusion, transformers, LLMs) applied to map generation, scenario generation, trajectory prediction, and motion planning for autonomous driving.

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