Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms

As of 11 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 42 of 42 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.00167.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.00167 v3

Coverage vector

measured 42 of 42 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:38.201581Z

measured 42 of 42 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

42 of 42 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy33
unresolved7
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 4280da5e-5dd1-485e-b641-d5b555bf5e92 · outbound

This paper cites The intertwined histories of artificial intelligence and education,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms The intertwined histories of artificial intelligence and education,

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:45.091326Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation bed683eb-34a7-46c5-a222-bda9404eb20b · outbound

This paper cites Sys- tematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators?.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Sys- tematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators?

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:44.930159Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 09b2a58d-a912-4af4-b100-a823da462573 · outbound

This paper cites Systematic literature review on opportunities, challenges, and future research rec- ommendations of artificial intelligence in education,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Systematic literature review on opportunities, challenges, and future research rec- ommendations of artificial intelligence in education,

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:44.754453Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation c373870e-d9b3-456c-adab-04fd6e395ec1 · outbound

This paper cites Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2024.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2024

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:34.720183Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 33f50f4e-c13b-4b53-b585-f72c9f428aa5 · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing teachers’ ai competencies through artificial intelligence of things professional development training.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Enhancing teachers’ ai competencies through artificial intelligence of things professional development training

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:44.575117Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 288fff60-0ce7-4fe3-a761-08c0cbb8c51f · outbound

This paper cites Openai and microsoft bankroll new a.i. training for teachers,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Openai and microsoft bankroll new a.i. training for teachers,

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:44.418965Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 4abadbd3-ca9a-4c91-b787-a1302b4115b9 · outbound

This paper cites AFT to launch National Academy for AI Instruction with Microsoft, OpenAI, Anthropic and United Federation of Teachers,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms AFT to launch National Academy for AI Instruction with Microsoft, OpenAI, Anthropic and United Federation of Teachers,

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:44.241513Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation f3833187-30dd-465c-a3a1-c685e5a4367f · outbound

This paper cites Lysis; symposium; phaedrus,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Lysis; symposium; phaedrus,

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:44.052899Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d15b2105-8dee-4bbd-850e-1ce743cb75bc · outbound

This paper cites University of Notre Dame Press, 1994.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms University of Notre Dame Press, 1994

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:43.874512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 44db73d2-557c-43cd-bbf6-18f085db9bfd · outbound

This paper cites God’s machines: Descartes on the mechanization of mind,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms God’s machines: Descartes on the mechanization of mind,

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:43.727418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 281290e5-f729-44fe-b6a2-bd81e690e3e3 · outbound

This paper cites V ANHAELEN, AUTOMATA: Activating Human Behavior.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms V ANHAELEN, AUTOMATA: Activating Human Behavior

Reference 11

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:38.429637Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 69d22b6f-1010-4cb9-8a45-fcb211bffd81 · outbound

This paper cites How the u.s. public and ai experts view artificial intelligence,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms How the u.s. public and ai experts view artificial intelligence,

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:43.577791Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation ceab255b-ccbd-41df-864c-887273aa5659 · outbound

This paper cites Impact of genera- tive ai on critical thinking skills in undergraduates: A systematic review,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Impact of genera- tive ai on critical thinking skills in undergraduates: A systematic review,

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:43.414220Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation b6e599ea-3137-4db0-8f9c-5eb95da7dc5c · outbound

This paper cites Is it harmful or helpful? examining the causes and consequences of generative ai usage among university students,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Is it harmful or helpful? examining the causes and consequences of generative ai usage among university students,

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:43.235837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 74f8241b-301b-42cb-8013-43086c13ca21 · outbound

This paper cites Generative artificial intelligence amplifies the role of critical thinking skills and reduces reliance on prior knowledge while promoting in-depth learning,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Generative artificial intelligence amplifies the role of critical thinking skills and reduces reliance on prior knowledge while promoting in-depth learning,

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:43.093735Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e25baed6-b54e-4b9a-933c-ccddf6342deb · outbound

This paper cites Critical thinking in the age of generative ai: Effects of a short-term experiential learning intervention on efl learners,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Critical thinking in the age of generative ai: Effects of a short-term experiential learning intervention on efl learners,

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:42.951421Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 75f55539-fd75-43a1-978f-0bd4babf7fcc · outbound

This paper cites Harnessing the power of ai to education,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Harnessing the power of ai to education,

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:42.821297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 30408221-6c82-4890-85ab-887858a180a2 · outbound

This paper cites Factors affecting university students’ generative ai literacy: Evidence and eval- uation in the uk and hong kong contexts,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Factors affecting university students’ generative ai literacy: Evidence and eval- uation in the uk and hong kong contexts,

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:42.651722Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d1ed4015-2b01-4512-ad29-f789a5decf14 · outbound

This paper cites Chatgpt for good? on opportunities and challenges of large language models for education,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Chatgpt for good? on opportunities and challenges of large language models for education,

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:35.825638Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a1378de7-eb03-4aa8-b4cc-be4ce48986b3 · outbound

This paper cites Can automated feedback improve teachers’ uptake of student ideas? evidence from a randomized controlled trial in a large-scale online course,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Can automated feedback improve teachers’ uptake of student ideas? evidence from a randomized controlled trial in a large-scale online course,

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:42.525870Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation b7400ee8-61ea-44f3-9e2c-91e22d176b9e · outbound

This paper cites Reshaping curriculum adap- tation in the age of artificial intelligence: Mapping teachers’ ai-driven curriculum adaptation patterns,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Reshaping curriculum adap- tation in the age of artificial intelligence: Mapping teachers’ ai-driven curriculum adaptation patterns,

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:42.351288Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation fc991f44-5d3f-443f-b418-fa2c41c2cc6d · outbound

This paper cites Grading exams using large language models: A comparison between human and ai grading of exams in higher education using chatgpt,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Grading exams using large language models: A comparison between human and ai grading of exams in higher education using chatgpt,

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:42.185638Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 106176fc-3e66-450d-8a6a-17c2d0a3c99a · outbound

This paper cites The future of grading programming assignments in education: the role of chatgpt in automating the assessment and feedback process. think skills creativity. 2024; 52: 101522.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms The future of grading programming assignments in education: the role of chatgpt in automating the assessment and feedback process. think skills creativity. 2024; 52: 101522

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:42.032020Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation cd738d95-eb8f-4e60-a004-eb366461f1cf · outbound

This paper cites How do physics students evaluate artificial intelligence responses on comprehension questions? a study on the perceived scientific accuracy and linguistic quality of chatgpt,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms How do physics students evaluate artificial intelligence responses on comprehension questions? a study on the perceived scientific accuracy and linguistic quality of chatgpt,

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:41.828710Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 87914f4a-2f7d-4070-a0d0-3ed95a4e3c3e · outbound

This paper cites Learning to fake it: limited responses and fabricated references provided by chatgpt for medical questions,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Learning to fake it: limited responses and fabricated references provided by chatgpt for medical questions,

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:41.607422Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d10d4457-fb5d-4d62-bf89-f854b287eaef · outbound

This paper cites Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:36.136951Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b07ad74b-db15-4928-99e1-46aa99281035 · outbound

This paper cites Are skepticism and moderation dominating attitudes toward ai-based technologies?.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Are skepticism and moderation dominating attitudes toward ai-based technologies?

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:41.364001Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation ca8d7755-2c70-44a3-b4fe-4cd6723d6d75 · outbound

This paper cites The impact of generative ai on critical thinking: Self- reported reductions in cognitive effort and confidence effects from a survey of knowledge workers,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms The impact of generative ai on critical thinking: Self- reported reductions in cognitive effort and confidence effects from a survey of knowledge workers,

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:41.096309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation a432a851-8c93-4e8a-bcdc-d238acc0f40d · outbound

This paper cites Chatgpt as an educational tool: Opportunities, challenges, and recommendations for communication, business writing, and composition courses,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Chatgpt as an educational tool: Opportunities, challenges, and recommendations for communication, business writing, and composition courses,

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:40.887898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation bd832aa0-4019-4658-9676-b1e0a6861dff · outbound

This paper cites Chatting and cheating: Ensuring academic integrity in the era of chatgpt,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Chatting and cheating: Ensuring academic integrity in the era of chatgpt,

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:36.736408Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0bb7bb89-b281-4778-9a1f-7877d195cecc · outbound

This paper cites Can GPT-3 write an academic paper on itself, with minimal human input?.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Can GPT-3 write an academic paper on itself, with minimal human input?

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:40.702219Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 8d0140f3-d246-4e81-b2f2-fa517eaba02a · outbound

This paper cites Google users are less likely to click on links when an ai summary appears in the results,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Google users are less likely to click on links when an ai summary appears in the results,

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:40.548885Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation e3c1b060-7266-4fa5-9a19-9b0eaaa95d75 · outbound

This paper cites 34% of u.s. adults have used chatgpt, about double the share in 2023,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms 34% of u.s. adults have used chatgpt, about double the share in 2023,

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:40.405726Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 538e0a42-201e-4470-947b-dfb83d562fa8 · outbound

This paper cites Global Public Opinion on Artificial Intelligence (GPO-AI),.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Global Public Opinion on Artificial Intelligence (GPO-AI),

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:40.218982Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 81c0eda8-e244-4b39-9e81-5c050cd15bc1 · outbound

This paper cites Students’ voices on generative ai: Per- ceptions, benefits, and challenges in higher education,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Students’ voices on generative ai: Per- ceptions, benefits, and challenges in higher education,

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:40.018556Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d1d6248e-2d0f-4f2b-8635-60933a57542f · outbound

This paper cites Artificial Intelligence and Public Policy,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Artificial Intelligence and Public Policy,

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:39.816826Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 31c88521-c448-432d-a10d-12ef356fce36 · outbound

This paper cites Artificial Intelligence Policy Framework for Institutions.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Artificial Intelligence Policy Framework for Institutions

Reference 37

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:38.583348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 757a298f-264e-44b9-85fc-61479c7330f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:39.603649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation fd234c17-86f4-4232-bc3c-9165086de94d · outbound

This paper cites Mendenhall and T.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Mendenhall and T

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:39.393380Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 9934414b-abd6-40c4-8e20-c63c51afe2c8 · outbound

This paper cites An Overview of Explainable and Interpretable Artificial Intelligence,.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms An Overview of Explainable and Interpretable Artificial Intelligence,

Reference 40

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:39.192579Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation 3f254ab7-c15d-47c6-9168-af1c38834edc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:39.007574Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Observation d7f06bc8-7300-4410-8768-d07808138dc7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Pilot Study on Generative AI and Critical Thinking in Higher Education Classrooms Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:54:38.777136Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.