Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 52 of 52 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.16894.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.16894 v1

Coverage vector

measured 52 of 52 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:43.975012Z

measured 52 of 52 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

52 of 52 outbound references displayed

verified exact4
verified fuzzy1
unresolved46
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 64a83e24-c04d-4427-957f-7deb968e91b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.959080Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 04ad7b57-0da5-4835-ad10-7b779ee5936e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.942837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 069f9406-be13-41a7-a475-2758db2b6a2c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.925145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 4fee3ce2-7a21-4f38-b86e-d190b867bed2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.908406Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 59ae4ad7-5917-4c63-9c60-44edc98ce850 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.889964Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation de7fc9e4-9b19-4959-9a49-004c4815ffd2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.872311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation f327786d-0970-4500-ab71-c815442b0c41 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.850705Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 8ccbe8fd-b7aa-4219-ab2c-ab2557cf5d10 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.830736Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation efef3afb-6218-42e5-8398-5e1a67dff2b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.815462Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 67c93882-570f-4e87-b8cf-f27ecd89c563 · outbound

This paper cites Word Embedding Transformation for Robust Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Word Embedding Transformation for Robust Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.171943Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation ff327c89-9634-4efd-9af8-f84f8e4b0f66 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.798489Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation e8e7ec6a-1da4-4b2d-b007-734177afd58f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.779997Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation abf9c894-d4b9-4cf5-93b7-fbfa968831f0 · outbound

This paper cites DICT-MLM: Improved Multilingual Pre-Training using Bilingual Dictionaries.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages DICT-MLM: Improved Multilingual Pre-Training using Bilingual Dictionaries

Reference 13

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.147034Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 5e8e4228-cf53-4b1b-86b6-cfd03e31454c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.758646Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 39aed46c-9b5d-4d78-bfb2-38f213af5cbb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.739869Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation c8ebc8f3-140d-400f-b5df-c3627235b427 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.721902Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 6672ce37-710e-450b-8f4d-a79b56a322d6 · outbound

This paper cites Data Augmentation and Terminology Integration for Domain-Specific Sinhala-English-Tamil Statistical Machine Translation.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Data Augmentation and Terminology Integration for Domain-Specific Sinhala-English-Tamil Statistical Machine Translation

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.124197Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 44f411a5-3d5e-4ad3-8e67-fd4f042a84ef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.702494Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 018a8772-b8a2-4775-9a2e-ac264fb5308b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.686070Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 0085058a-6aab-45e3-8518-d8aa29739258 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:43.789375Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 516dce8d-c37a-43dd-b1fd-35da51f50530 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.669008Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation caa1a3dd-b1f9-41df-80cc-8c430d5c3e23 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.653031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 70d92eba-1925-462e-ad41-3011406ae944 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.637282Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 1d513fd9-626e-4518-80d1-5fa63fbfe75a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.620172Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 65c47ad7-36bc-463b-9477-ce113d7d947d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.603068Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation f5a07c7c-fd84-40b4-b84d-f6b8dbb851d2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.585272Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 99e01e7b-0067-4024-afb3-f744b8c74401 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.568004Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation a785efad-038b-44b7-90ae-4af59d638c0f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.549634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation d1a6bbab-7ce6-4e3d-9759-9c5d256b5ea4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.532183Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation b7fe8321-f47a-4c0b-8955-b61037b46765 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.489640Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation fbdc02d4-7160-419f-9fd0-78e70ac8f88e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.470663Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 048a429a-7103-4f79-a914-db4edc6837d1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.452620Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 3d67ead9-55e6-46ab-b083-febf3eb78d03 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:43.883522Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0e6fb7d4-7f6f-47a3-ac88-08e06de84817 · outbound

This paper cites Exploiting Similarities among Languages for Machine Translation.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Exploiting Similarities among Languages for Machine Translation

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:43.889180Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ff070fe6-5445-4e7e-a715-c967d3410d51 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.435995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation d774a7ff-643c-4ab2-9d94-71f2f2090cf1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.419207Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation cf2a04f2-251a-4de7-bd24-e4d4af6848a9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.401873Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation b2892897-3183-4a26-912f-648fcb3f9552 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.386417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation e3a7fca7-7828-4891-9511-12e6ba3f552d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.369575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation b3c3ed75-c429-4c9b-af3b-c8ef392ccd35 · outbound

This paper cites Shoulders of Giants: A Look at the Degree and Utility of Openness in NLP Research.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Shoulders of Giants: A Look at the Degree and Utility of Openness in NLP Research

Reference 40

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.061676Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation a553c1cb-ba86-400e-b467-63a2f18c8b83 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.352627Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 3df7b166-a25b-408d-b0c1-85945b93826b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.336982Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 94a3a0da-cfdd-44a3-8acd-f80abffbfeba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.318555Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation dcdfe70e-a2e0-4d98-bf35-8876b00e6e82 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.302055Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 754943a6-3a77-4f87-9bad-bcbb24795f40 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.285509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 03eb765d-6dce-4dff-8171-ffc9081b988b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.267049Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 83c102d4-68a7-4205-a261-9c351739b9f6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.250700Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 3f948621-8be1-4a7b-86c4-5fd73cc655aa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.233012Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 07bc4d9b-a123-4fe5-9c8f-3da2999d5972 · outbound

This paper cites LexC-Gen: Generating Data for Extremely Low-Resource Languages with Large Language Models and Bilingual Lexicons.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages LexC-Gen: Generating Data for Extremely Low-Resource Languages with Large Language Models and Bilingual Lexicons

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:43.964858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bb264582-3109-4f9c-9dbe-3d26e7ada50b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.211609Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 776ac604-1423-408e-a562-075ea4b9325c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.190004Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 3c91bf7e-88d2-4a81-89e4-3048625f527f · outbound

This paper cites In Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

Unsupervised Bilingual Lexicon Induction for Low Resource Languages In Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics

Reference 2020

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T06:03:44.511464Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.