Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-15T12:09:16.468055Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 53 of 53 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2603.09221.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-15T12:09:16.468055Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
53 of 53 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 8e4324de-148f-4028-aa05-ea8189e15752 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning xLSTM: Extended Long Short-Term Memory
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b212fa0f-809e-417f-9151-aaeb59022787 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Titans: Learning to Memorize at Test Time
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1c34e7f2-9bc9-4425-a69e-3ee15492f910 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning ATLAS: Learning to Optimally Memorize the Context at Test Time
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dbe85ece-f7d8-4c00-aa56-6ce08f17feaa · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning The riccati equation(book).Berlin and New York, Springer-Verlag, 1991, 347,
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 04952d78-9fe0-4662-a288-842eb0d9893f · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder-Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 358b04d7-f3e2-43c2-b2d7-2eae303134e9 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Transformers are SSMs: Generalized Models and Efficient Algorithms Through Structured State Space Duality
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 751c406e-0ba2-4d13-9622-f63b155ca20c · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Simulation of Graph Algorithms with Looped Transformers
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 19deb135-22eb-4e42-a387-9f0ed445e441 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Reinforcement Pre-Training
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 00fb7d85-b6dd-487d-9948-49c2878c645e · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Hymba: A Hybrid-head Architecture for Small Language Models
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7207a865-88dc-43a1-95a8-1e04cb37f2d8 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Mom: Linear sequence modeling with mixture-of-memories.arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.13685,
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fc6b477b-fcd2-409b-850d-b8bb70353cfe · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Scaling up Test-Time Compute with Latent Reasoning: A Recurrent Depth Approach
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9f28ca49-85c9-44ed-9ee6-a1bb4747e12f · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9afe5823-cf32-4513-a03a-6fa30ae30dcd · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Efficiently Modeling Long Sequences with Structured State Spaces
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation faa9a1f6-7fd8-45d5-a18f-9df796efc293 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning OpenThoughts: Data Recipes for Reasoning Models
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d1baa6d2-0c18-4035-8eeb-6cba0953d19a · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c627677a-69f1-4e92-981c-4c332157d653 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning World Models
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bbfac5d4-0d98-49e7-8428-c5e9af73f459 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imagination
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eafb0b50-f16f-42ca-8105-9781c824625a · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Temporal Difference Learning for Model Predictive Control
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1b0a595f-bb9c-445f-b29c-d4334d1bfea6 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning TD-MPC2: Scalable, Robust World Models for Continuous Control
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 94914fa7-8ee6-445b-924a-b01d0229cb85 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Reasoning with Language Model is Planning with World Model
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5d24e057-23f1-4c70-9b46-9ea51e271968 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Training Large Language Models to Reason in a Continuous Latent Space
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 00c30892-adf2-4c53-abdb-936f5002d76a · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning N., Prabhumoye, S., Kautz, J., Patwary, M., Shoeybi, M., Catanzaro, B., and Choi, Y
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 50de6cee-1b9a-4b70-8905-73db18cbd01f · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Dataset
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 87456be6-6f4a-4214-80fa-5ce1baea5fcd · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning A., et al
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d5aff8de-b336-4d22-96cf-19c30755bb05 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Longhorn: State Space Models are Amortized Online Learners
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d698be93-ffc9-42dc-a6dc-575cd643e950 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Large Language Model Guided Tree-of-Thought
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 742dde78-69a3-492c-b41d-7d8a374bd9df · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning RWKV-7 "Goose" with Expressive Dynamic State Evolution
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6dbd1192-92f5-4530-b7c5-08b399574af6 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Samba: Simple Hybrid State Space Models for Efficient Unlimited Context Language Modeling
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ef2b899b-92e5-4a83-8c7b-793a18f7a1d5 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Reasoning with Latent Thoughts: On the Power of Looped Transformers
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6245b61a-0462-4dee-a1a9-b3ec27dccd05 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 943f47e7-105d-4da0-9618-0f3943d6f598 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning The Illusion of Thinking: Understanding the Strengths and Limitations of Reasoning Models via the Lens of Problem Complexity
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9d934d02-be7a-4042-aad9-da871b7efabc · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Scaling LLM Test-Time Compute Optimally can be More Effective than Scaling Model Parameters
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 84c34f5d-6aa9-4958-9be5-7adfe7b31779 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Retentive Network: A Successor to Transformer for Large Language Models
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cc9994e7-763a-49ae-adef-958d476c6513 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Learning to (Learn at Test Time): RNNs with Expressive Hidden States
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 24028d9a-c31c-4211-8aef-291fa9ff5eff · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning End-to-end test-time training for long context.arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.23675,
Reference 35
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 197bb3a4-9682-4dd5-bc3c-dd00706898e0 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Uncovering mesa-optimization algorithms in Transformers
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4204e8bc-b8dd-4d18-b7b7-d1592ec0ad47 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning MesaNet: Sequence Modeling by Locally Optimal Test-Time Training
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 082420cc-d84d-4390-8bf1-6ee580290e00 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Hierarchical Reasoning Model
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 91f52f97-81b6-4e7c-a2da-0596f92752a3 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Models
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 52f26761-85b8-4931-b7c4-f7990128c0c8 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Looped Transformers are Better at Learning Learning Algorithms
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d6c5eceb-afb5-409d-9933-064bcbef1c3a · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Does Reinforcement Learning Really Incentivize Reasoning Capacity in LLMs Beyond the Base Model?
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 559408aa-c6e0-4bd3-9eb9-1ae0a39d89bd · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Learning to Discover at Test Time
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d97c9438-8049-4dc2-bcb2-df68ae252969 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Pretraining language models to ponder in continuous space.arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.20674,
Reference 43
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ca9f0afb-e7c0-40f6-a8e6-fee7cbe2acde · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Test-Time Training Done Right
Reference 44
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f57d357d-fa63-4595-b8b3-3c85d7fd2e20 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Emergence of superposition: Unveiling the training dynamics of chain of continuous thought.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.23365, 2025a
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 115557d2-d4d5-4dce-a765-2dcbd8cdffa6 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning In the main text, we use𝒉 0 in place of𝒉 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡 without separate notations when no confusion arises
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 15fac4d8-9830-4f8e-8652-9b7a391031fc · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning 𝜕 𝜕𝜃 𝒙 𝜕 𝜕𝜃 𝝃 # =
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6672788d-cf77-4ed1-be99-8c4e4851847f · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Unresolved cited work
Reference 48
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f6526f8e-1cab-4587-8d71-d42b84f83463 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Although [𝒀 1,𝒀 2] are partitioned row-wise and distributed across CUDA blocks, this normalization can be performed independently within each kernel without synchronization
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f1946c24-7def-4b14-b619-765a55c17872 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning To the best of our knowledge, it is the only other approach that explores online RL–based adaptation at test time
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8c36b370-ca67-4b7e-b825-f80a0f053e03 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning world”, upon which it performs planning and decision-making. All parameters of this “world
Reference 51
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dc6b4faa-d194-4989-b81d-f07f4323d6c7 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning thinking
Reference 52
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 01d2426b-e098-4846-bf7c-98b54ec604b6 · outbound
Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning Memory footprint is evaluated separately by measuring peak GPU memory usage during execution, reported in GB
Reference 53
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.